The Resistance Front

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The Resistance Front
Founders Muhammad Abbas Sheikh   † [1]
Sheikh Sajjad Gul [2]
Patron and Supreme Commander Sheikh Sajjad Gul [2]
Current Chief Operational CommanderUmais Nisar Wani
SpokespersonAhmed Khalid [3]
Dates of operation2019–present
Split from Hizbul Mujahideen
Lashkar-e-Taiba
MotivesInsurgency against Indian administration of Jammu and Kashmir [4] [5] [6] [7]
Active regions Jammu and Kashmir
Ideology Kashmiri Nationalism and Separatism
Notable attacks
Allies People's Anti-Fascist Front
Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
Al-Badr (United Liberation Front) [14] [4]
OpponentsFlag of India.svg India
Battles and wars Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
Designated as a terrorist group byFlag of India.svg India

The Resistance Front (TRF) is a militant organisation actively engaged in insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir, and designated as a terrorist organisation in India. [15] Indian government and other experts believe that the organisation was founded by and is an offshoot of Lashkar-e-Taiba, a Pakistan-based Jihadist terrorist group. [16] [17] [18] The group is responsible for attacks on and killings of civilians, including those belonging to religious minority communities such as Kashmiri Hindus [19] [20] [21] [18] government employees, [22] labourers and business owners, local politicians, [21] and tourists, [23] as well as for several attacks on Indian security forces [17] including local policemen. [24] [18]

Contents

Formed using cadres of Jihadist groups Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen [19] [18] [25] in the aftermath of the 2019 abrogation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, TRF uses non-religious nomenclature and symbolism to project a secular image, [16] but has carried out targeted killings of locals from religious minority communities. [21] [19] [20] The group maintains a significant social media presence, some of which has been traced to Pakistan. [26]

Origins

The Resistance Front was founded in October 2019 following the abrogation of Article 370 and the revocation of special status to Jammu and Kashmir by the Indian government in August 2019. [13] [27] The TRF portrays itself as an indigenous Kashmiri resistance movement fighting for the freedom of Jammu and Kashmir from India, while the Indian government has accused the TRF of being a frontal organization for Lashkar-e-Taiba. [12] The TRF has been noted for using non-religious symbolism, with logos, statements, and attack rationale all being distinct from past Islamist Kashmiri insurgents such as Hizbul Mujahideen, to project a secular image, while continuing to attack religious minorities. [28] On April 1, 2020, the TRF gained prominence after a four-day gun battle near the Line of Control (LoC) in Kupwara's Keran Sector, during which five Indian paracommandos and five TRF militants were killed. [29]

Activities

TRF attacks have targeted Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus, Sikhs, as well as Muslims. [28] In these attacks on civilians, LeT and HM did not claim responsibility, only the TRF did. [28] TRF has been accused by the Indian government of links to various activities, including planning attacks on security forces and civilians, coordinating the transportation of weapons for proscribed militant groups, recruitment of militants, infiltration across borders, and smuggling of weapons and narcotics. [13]

In 2022, it was responsible for a substantial number of fatalities[ among whom? ] in the region. TRF has also been active in recruitment, making it a prominent militant group in Jammu and Kashmir. [12] [13] The TRF has claimed responsibility for several attacks in Jammu and Kashmir against Indian forces and it has made use of social media videos and posters to spread its propaganda. [12] [13]

Notably, TRF claimed responsibility for an attack on security officers in the Anantnag district using the guerilla warfare strategy, citing it as an "act of revenge" for the killing of their leader, commander Riyaz Ahmed, in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. [12] [13]

Notable incidents

International implications

Pakistan's inclusion on the FATF's "grey list" in 2018 and its subsequent removal raised questions about TRF's emergence. Some[ according to whom? ] believe that TRF was strategically created to divert attention from LeT and other terror groups under FATF scrutiny. This move allowed Pakistan to maintain plausible deniability for attacks in India. [12]

Ban and designation

In January 2023, TRF was banned under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) by the Indian government. This action designated its leader, Sheikh Sajjad Gul, as a militant. [53] The ban was imposed due to the Indian government's suspicions of TRF's involvement in a conspiracy to assassinate Kashmiri journalist Shujaat Bukhari in June 2018. [13]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Rajouri attacks</span> Terror attack in Rajouri, India

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On 13 September 2023, a confrontation erupted between Indian security forces and Kashmiri separatist militants in the Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The week-long encounter in the Gadol forests in the Anantnag district ended on 19 September, in which The Resistance Front commander, Uzair Khan was killed along with at least two senior Indian Army officers and a J&K Police officer. After losing 4 security forces personnel on the first day, Indian security forces were finally able to clear the militant hideout on the 7th day of the operation, as the dense jungles and rough terrain of the area provided cover to the militants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sheikh Sajjad Gul</span> Kashmiri militant

Sheikh Sajjad Gul, also known as Sheikh Sajjad, is a Kashmiri militant and the founder of The Resistance Front which has been active in Indian-administred Jammu and Kashmir since 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basit Ahmed Dar</span> Kashmiri separatist militant commander (2002–2024)

Basit Ahmed Dar was a Kashmiri separatist militant commander. He was the Chief Operational Commander of The Resistance Front (TRF) following the assassination of TRF Commander Muhammad Abbas Sheikh in August 2021. He was one of the most wanted militants in the Kashmir valley with a reward of one million INR on his head. He was killed by Indian Security Forces on 7 May 2024, in an encounter in the Kulgam district of Kashmir.

Muhammad Abbas Sheikh was a militant commander and founder and Chief of The Resistance Front, a separatist organization involved in the insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir. He was killed in an encounter with the Indian security forces on August 23, 2021. He had joined militancy in 1996 and was previously associated with Hizbul Mujahideen. He was accused of several attacks on security forces and civilians in Kashmir. He was one of the ten most wanted militants in Kashmir. He was also known for reviving militancy in Srinagar and recruiting new militants.

The 2024 Reasi attack was a terrorist attack that occurred on 9 June 2024 in the Reasi district of the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Several unidentified militants opened fire on a passenger bus boarded by Hindu pilgrims travelling from the Shiv Khori cave to Katra, causing it to lose control and plummet into a deep gorge, followed by further firing at the crashed bus by the gunmen. Nine people were killed in the attack, and an additional 41 were injured.

References

  1. ↑ "Who was Abbas Sheikh, TRF chief who revived militancy in Srinagar?". The Week.
  2. 1 2 India, Press Trust of. "LeT commander Sajjad Gul designated as terrorist".
  3. ↑ "TRF Spokesperson Ahmed Khalid". Hindustan Times. 24 May 2022.
  4. 1 2 Gupta, Shishir (2020-05-08). "Pak launches terror's new face in Kashmir, Imran Khan follows up on Twitter". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  5. ↑ "'Pakistan trying to securalise Kashmir militancy': Lashkar regroups in Valley as The Resistance Front". The Indian Express. 2020-05-05. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  6. ↑ Gupta, Shishir (2020-05-08). "New J&K terror outfit run by LeT brass: Intel". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  7. ↑ Pubby, Manu; Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy (2020-04-29). "The Resistance Front: New name of terror groups in Kashmir". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  8. ↑ India Today, April 6, 2020
  9. ↑ Kashmir: 5 security forces and 2 rebels killed in a gun battle, Al Jazeera, May 3, 2020
  10. ↑ Jammu and Kashmir: Municipal Councillor and Policeman Killed in Sopore, The Wire, Insert_the_date_you_accessed_the_source
  11. ↑ Four Militants, OGWs Held for June 2 IED Blast in Shopian, Kashmir Pulse, June 7, 2022
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "What is The Resistance Front, responsible for killing of 3 security officers in J&K's Anantnag?". Firstpost . 14 September 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Lavania, Sudeep (14 September 2023). "Why Pakistan-backed The Resistance Front has become biggest headache of security forces in Kashmir". India Today. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  14. ↑ TRF And ULF active in Jammu and Kashmir Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen leaders form the core of the TRF in Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir and ULF is Group of Al Badr but also working with TRF against India
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  16. 1 2 Raseed, Adil (4 August 2020), "The August 5 Anniversary: J&K on Home Straight", MP-IDSA
  17. 1 2 Masood, Bashaarat (5 May 2020), "'Pakistan trying to securalise Kashmir militancy': Lashkar regroups in Valley as The Resistance Front?", The Indian Express
  18. 1 2 3 4 "What is The Resistance Front, responsible for killing of 3 security officers in J&K?". Firstpost . 14 September 2024.
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  21. 1 2 3 Shukla, Tejusvi (4 August 2020), "Secularization of Militancy in Kashmir: Myth or Reality?", MP-IDSA
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  30. ↑ "Kupwara encounter: 5 soldiers killed as Army fights infiltrators in north Kashmir". India Today. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
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  35. ↑ "'What Was His Fault?': Family And Neighbors Mourn Kashmiri Pandit Sarpanch Killed By Suspected Militants". HuffPost. 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  36. ↑ "Photo of toddler sitting on his grandfather's body angers Kashmir". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  37. ↑ Mushtaq, Tasavur (2020-07-09). "Bandipora Attack: The Complete Story". Kashmir Life . Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  38. ↑ "Prominent Kashmiri lawyer-activist shot dead in Srinagar". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  39. ↑ gk-news-network (2020-11-02). "Attack on BJP leader in Ganderbal | 3 militant associates arrested: Police". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  40. ↑ "3 BJP workers shot dead in Jammu & Kashmir; Resistance Front claims responsibility". The Economic Times. 2020-10-30. ISSN   0013-0389 . Retrieved 2023-09-13.
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  46. ↑ PTI (2021-04-01). "Policeman killed in militant attack on residence of BJP leader Anwar Ahmad in Srinagar". ThePrint. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  47. ↑ "CID Inspector Shot Dead In Nowgam". Kashmir Observer. 2021-06-22. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  48. ↑ Majid, DHNS, Zulfikar. "Policeman, his wife, daughter shot dead by militants in J&K's Pulwama". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  49. ↑ Desk, GK Web (2021-08-07). "Cop killed, two others injured in militant attack in Kulgam". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  50. ↑ "Kashmiri Pandit businessman shot by unidentified gunmen in Srinagar". India Today. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  51. ↑ "Two Kashmir schoolteachers shot dead as civilian killings spike". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  52. ↑ NETWORK, GK NEWS (2021-10-09). "2 policemen injured in Kulgam militant attack". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  53. ↑ Singh, Vijaita (5 January 2023). "Centre declares The Resistance Front a terrorist organisation". The Hindu. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
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