Timeline of Mannheim

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mannheim, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• 1606 - Mannheimer Rheinschanze  [ de ] (fortification) construction begins.
• 1607 - Mannheim granted town privileges by Frederick IV, Elector Palatine. ^[1]
• 1622 - Thirty Years' War: Capture of Mannheim by Imperial-Spanish forces.
• 1660 - Synagogue built.^(de)
• 1688 - Manheim taken by French forces during the Nine Years' War. ^[1]
• 1689 - Fire. ^[1]
• 1701 - Almshouse (predecessor of university hospital mannheim) founded ^[2]
• 1706 - Lemle-Moses-Klaussynagoge  [ de ] founded.
• 1720 - Residence of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine relocated to Mannheim from Heidelberg. ^[1]
• 1729 - Population: 15,760.^(de)
• 1731 - Mannheim Palace Church built.
• 1756 - Jesuit Church, Mannheim built.
• 1759 - Mannheim Palace completed. ^[1]
• 1766 - Population: 24,190.^(de)
• 1771 - Town Hall built. ^[1]
• 1774 - Mannheim Observatory tower built.
• 1775 - Deutsche Gesellschaft in Mannheim active. ^[3]
• 1779
  • Zeughaus (Mannheim)  [ de ] (arsenal) built.
  • Mannheim National Theatre founded.
• 1782 - 13 January: Premiere of Schiller's play The Robbers .
• 1788 - Palais Bretzenheim built.

Mannheim in the 1790s

• 1794 - French in power. ^[1]
• 1795
  • Mannheim besieged during the Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars. ^[1]
  • Austrians in power. ^[1]

19th century

• 1803 - Mannheim becomes part of the Electorate of Baden. ^[1]
• 1806 - Mannheim becomes part of the Grand Duchy of Baden.
• 1819 - March: Writer August von Kotzebue assassinated. ^[1]
• 1828 - Mannheim Harbour opens on the Rhine river.
• 1837 - Mannheimer Journal  [ de ] newspaper begins publication. ^[4]
• 1840 - Heidelberg-Mannheim railway begins operating.
• 1849 - Political unrest during the Baden Revolution. ^[1]
• 1855 - Hauptsynagoge (Mannheim)  [ de ] (synagogue) built.
• 1859 - Heinrich Lanz AG machinery manufactory in business.
• 1876 - Mannheim Hauptbahnhof (train station) built.
• 1880 - Population: 53,465. ^[5]
• 1891 - Mannheim Fire Brigade  [ de ] active.
• 1895 - Friesenheimer Insel  [ de ] becomes part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1896 - Population: 94,160.^(de)
• 1897 - Käfertal becomes part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1899 - Neckarau  [ de ] becomes part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1900 - Population: 141,131. ^[7]

20th century

1900s-1940s

Mannheim in the 1900s

• 1905 - Population: 162,607. ^[1]
• 1907
  • Industriehafen Mannheim (harbour) opens on the Neckar river.
  • Stadtarchiv Mannheim  [ de ] (city archives) established.
  • Kunsthalle Mannheim (exhibit hall) built.
  • SV Waldhof Mannheim (sport club) formed.
  • Population: 173,424.^(de)
• 1910 - Feudenheim  [ de ] becomes part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1911
  • Christuskirche (Mannheim)  [ de ] (church) built.
  • Population: 200,285.^(de)
• 1912 - Mannheim Firehouse  [ de ] built.
• 1913 - Rheinau  [ de ] and Sandhofen become part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1914 - Bachchor Mannheim  [ de ] (choir) formed.
• 1919 - Population: 229,576. ^[8]
• 1924 - Mannheim Hospital (now University Hospital Mannheim) opened on the banks of the river Neckar ^[9]
• 1925 - "Neue Sachlichkeit  [ de ]" art exhibition held.
• 1926 - Airfield established at Neuostheim.
• 1929 - Wallstadt  [ de ] becomes part of Mannheim. ^[6]
• 1930
  • Friedrichsfeld  [ de ], Kirschgartshausen  [ de ], Sandtorf  [ de ], Seckenheim  [ de ], Straßenheim  [ de ] become part of Mannheim. ^[6]
  • Population: 271,833.^(de)
• 1938
  • November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
  • Landkreis Mannheim  [ de ] (district) formed.
  • Eisstadion am Friedrichspark (ice rink) built.
• 1940 - Bombing of Mannheim in World War II begins. ^[10]

American troops in Mannheim in 1945

• 1944
  • September: Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp established for Poles deported from Warsaw during the Warsaw Uprising. ^{[11] [12]}
  • 2 October: First attempt to escape from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp. ^[11]
  • 15 December: Three Polish prisoners of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp killed in an Allied bombing. ^[11]
• 1945
  • 4 January: Public execution of a Polish prisoner of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp. ^[11]
  • February: Some prisoners deported from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp to forced labour in Kochendorf. ^[11]
  • March: Remaining prisoners deported to Vaihingen an der Enz and Kochendorf; Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp dissolved. ^[11]
  • 29 March: Americans capture the city.
  • 6 April: Prisoner of War Executive (PWX) Camp No. 1 for liberated Allied POWs established. ^[13]
  • June: The PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Polish PWX Camp No. 1. ^[14]
  • July: United States Coleman Army Airfield begins operating.
• 1946
  • Mannheimer Morgen  [ de ] newspaper begins publication. ^[4]
  • Polish PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Tadeusz Kościuszko Civilian Guard Training Center, and later renamed to Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center for former Polish POWs. ^[15]
• 1947
  • United States military Benjamin Franklin Village established.
  • 8 November: Polish Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center dissolved. ^[16]
• 1949 - Mannheim Waterways and Shipping  [ de ] office established.

1950s-1990s

• 1955 - Mannheimer Liste  [ de ] Free Voters established.
• 1957 - National Theatre Mannheim rebuilt.
• 1959 - Rhine Bridge rebuilt.
• 1961 - Population: 313,890.^(de)
• 1967 - University of Mannheim established.
• 1970
  • Landgericht Mannheim  [ de ] (courthouse) built.
  • Population: 332,378.^(de)
• 1972 - Kurt-Schumacher-Brücke (Mannheim)  [ de ] (bridge) opens.
• 1975
  • Fernmeldeturm Mannheim (communication tower) erected.
  • National Bundesgartenschau 1975  [ de ] (garden show) held in Mannheim.
• 1976 - Federal electoral districts Mannheim I  [ de ], II  [ de ], and III  [ de ] formed.
• 1979 - Odeon cinema opens. ^[17]

Mannheim in the 1980s

• 1987 - Synagoge (Mannheim)  [ de ] built on the Paradeplatz (Mannheim)  [ de ].
• 1991
  • Mannheimer Stadthaus  [ de ] (city hall) built.
  • Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway begins operating.
• 1992 - Revised federal electoral districts Mannheim I  [ de ] and II  [ de ] formed.
• 1994
  • 5 December: Aircraft crashes into the Fernmeldeturm.
  • Carl-Benz-Stadion (stadium) opens.
• 1995 - Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque built.

21st century

• 2002 - Revised federal Mannheim (electoral district) formed.
• 2003
  • Popakademie Baden-Württemberg (music school) established.
  • Glaskubus  [ de ] memorial erected on the Mannheimer Planken  [ de ].
• 2004 - Musikpark Mannheim  [ de ] (business office) opens.
• 2005 - SAP Arena opens.
• 2007
  • Peter Kurz becomes mayor.
  • August: City hosts the 2007 FEI European Jumping Championship.
• 2010
  • May: City co-hosts the 2010 IIHF World Championship.
  • Population: 313,174.^(de)
• 2011 - United States Army Garrison Mannheim  [ de ] closes.
• 2014 - 25 May: Baden-Württemberg local election, 2014  [ de ] held.^(de)
• 2024 Mannheim stabbing
• 2025 Mannheim car attack

See also

• History of Mannheim  [ de ]
• List of monuments in Mannheim  [ de ]
• History of Baden-Württemberg state
• History of Baden territory (in German)

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:^(de)

• Timeline of Stuttgart

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. "History: Mannheim hospital, Germany". www.umm.de. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
3. Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
4. "Die Presse der Stadt Mannheim: vom Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts bis ca. 1980" (in German). Heidelberg: Udo Leuschner  [ de ]. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
5. "Germany: Baden". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469 – via Hathi Trust.
6. "Stadtteilleben". Mannheim.de (in German). Stadt Mannheim. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
7. "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1904. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368424.
8. "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
9. "History: Mannheim hospital, Germany". www.umm.de. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
10. Wolf 2003.
11. "Chronicle of the camp" . Retrieved 11 December 2023.
12. "The Prisoners" . Retrieved 11 December 2023.
13. Brzoza, Czesław (2016). "Obóz szkoleniowy Polskich Kompanii Wartowniczych w Mannheim-Käfertal (1945–1947)". Prace Historyczne (in Polish) (143 (1)). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego: 159. ISSN   0083-4351.
14. Brzoza, p. 161
15. Brzoza, pp. 165–166
16. Brzoza, p. 181
17. "Movie Theaters in Mannheim, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 13 November 2016.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• "Mannheim". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/njp.32101065312926.
• "Mannheim", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 8, New York, 1904, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282243
• "Mannheim"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 588–589.
• "Mannheim", The Rhine, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911, OCLC   21888483

in German

• J. C. Rieger (1824). Historisch- topographisch- statistische beschreibung von Mannheim und seiner umgebung (in German).
• "Mannheim". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064551.
• Chronik der Hauptstadt Mannheim (in German) 1901-
• Max Oeser (1908). Geschichte der Stadt Mannheim (in German).
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Mannheim-Ludwigshafen". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
• Dieter Wolf (2003), Luftkriegsereignisse in Mannheim 1939-1945 (PDF) (in German) (2nd ed.), Stadtarchiv Mannheim
• Geschichte der Stadt Mannheim (in German). Heidelberg: Verlag Regionalkultur. 2007-2009 (3 vols)

External links

• Items related to Mannheim, various dates (via Europeana)
• Items related to Mannheim, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)