Timeline of Stuttgart

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Stuttgart, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

Prior to 14th century

• 1st C. CE - Roman fort established (Bad Cannstatt).
• 950 CE - Old Castle built.
• 1240 - Stiftskirche built.
• 1300 - Counts of Württemberg establish residence (approximate date).

14th-18th century

Map of Stuttgart, 1794

• 1321 - City status granted.
• 1392 - Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg (1315–1392) dies in Stuttgart.
• 1486 - Printing press in operation. ^[1]
• 1493 - Spitalkirche built. ^[2]
• 1495 - Stuttgart becomes capital of Wurttemberg.
• 1570 - Old Palace built. ^[2]
• 1626 - Hoppenlaufriedhof  [ de ] (cemetery) in use.
• 1686 - Gymnasium illustre (school) established.
• 1769 - Castle Solitude built outside city.
• 1775 - Karlsschule relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1795 - Population: 19,510. ^{[3] [4]}

19th century

• 1803 - City becomes capital of the Electorate of Württemberg.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1807
  • New Palace built. ^[4]
  • Schlossplatz opens. ^[4]
• 1808 - Schloss-Garten laid out in Neckar-Strasse. ^[5]
• 1810 - Royal Library founded by Frederick I of Württemberg.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1811 - Stuttgart Cathedral rebuilding completed.
• 1820 - Willibald Feuerlein  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1824 - Stuttgarter Liederkranz (singing society) founded.
• 1826 - Natural history museum opens. ^[6]
• 1827 - Katharinenhospital Stuttgart  [ de ] built.
• 1829 - University of Stuttgart founded.
• 1830 - Rosenstein Palace completed.
• 1832 - Winterschule für Bauhandwerker (trade school) founded. ^[7]
• 1833 - Georg Gottlob von Gutbrod  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1839 - Schiller memorial erected in Schillerplatz.
• 1840 - Wilhelm Palais built.
• 1841
  • Schlossplatz column erected. ^[4]
  • Hospitalkirche restored. ^[4]
  • Population: 42,217. ^[3]
• 1842 - Olgahospital  [ de ] founded.
• 1843 - Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (art museum) opens.
• 1846
  • Railway station opens.
  • Wilhelma garden established. ^[8]
• 1848 - Stuttgart-Heilbronn railway begins operating.
• 1849 - Rump parliament held. ^[4]
• 1857
  • Stuttgart Music School founded.
  • Hotel Marquardt in business. ^[9]
  • Ploucquet's Museum opens. ^[10]
• 1860
  • Königsbau constructed on the Schlossplatz. ^[11]
  • Population: 61,314. ^[3]
• 1861 - Stuttgart Synagogue  [ de ] built. ^[5]
• 1862 - Heinrich von Sick  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1864 - Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Liederhalle  [ de ] (concert hall) built.
• 1865 - Polytechnic School built in Stadtgarten-Platz. ^[5]
• 1869 - Württemberg State Museum founded.
• 1870 - Architectural school built. ^[5]
• 1871
  • City becomes part of the German Empire.
  • Tiergarten Nill  [ de ] zoo in business. ^{[12] [13]}
• 1872
  • Black Forest Railway (Württemberg) in operation.
  • Theophil Friedrich von Hack  [ de ] becomes mayor.
  • Stuttgarter Hofbräu brewery in business.
• 1873 - Pragfriedhof  [ de ] (cemetery) established.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1875
  • Martin's "Museum of the Primeval World" opens. ^[12]
  • Marienkirche built. ^[5]
• 1876 - Johanneskirche built.
• 1880
  • Wilhelma park opens to the public. ^[14]
  • Law Courts built. ^[5]
  • Population: 117,303. ^[3]
• 1881 - Breuninger retailer in business.
  • Gewerbehalle built in Kriegsberg-Strasse. ^[5]
• 1888 - Dinkelacker brewery in business.
• 1889 - Stuttgart Swimming Baths built. ^[5]
• 1890 - Population: 139,817. ^[3]
• 1892 - Socialist women's newspaper Die Gleichheit in publication in Stuttgart. ^[15]
• 1893 - Emil von Rümelin  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1894 - Hotel Victoria (Stuttgart)  [ de ] in business.
• 1895 - Kriegsberg Tower, Landesgewerbe-Museum (industrial museum), and Königin-Olga-Bau ^[5] constructed.
• 1899 - Heinrich von Gauss  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1900
  • German Peace Society headquartered in city. ^[16]
  • Friedrichsbau theatre opens.^{[ citation needed ]}
  • Stuttgarter Hymnus-Chorknaben (boys' choir) founded.
  • Population: 176,699. ^[17]

20th century

1900s-1945

• 1901 - City public library established.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1903 - Solituderennen motorsport events begin.
• 1905
  • Cannstatt and Untertürkheim become part of city.
  • Population:249,443. ^[4]
• 1907 - International Socialist Congress held in Stuttgart.
• 1908
  • Degerloch becomes part of city.
  • Cavalry barracks built.
• 1910
  • Markthalle Stuttgart  [ de ] built.
  • Population: 286,218. ^[18]
• 1911
  • Linden Museum established.
  • Karl Lautenschlager  [ de ] becomes mayor.
• 1912
  • Verein für Bewegungsspiele Stuttgart (football club) formed.
  • Königliche Hoftheater and Stuttgart-Degerloch water tower built.
• 1913 - Waldfriedhof Stuttgart  [ de ] (cemetery) established.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1915 - Böblingen Airport begins operating.
• 1916 - Stuttgart Open tennis tournament begins.
• 1918
  • City becomes capital of Free People's State of Württemberg.
  • Schlossplatz opens to the public.
• 1919 - Population: 309,197. ^[19]
• 1922
  • Botnang becomes part of city.
  • Stuttgart Central Station rebuilt.
  • Stuttgart Observatory active.
• 1924 - Stuttgarter Philharmoniker (orchestra) formed. ^[20]
• 1927
  • Weissenhof Estate built.
  • Flandern military training ground active.
• 1928 - Tagblatt-Turm and Schocken Department Store built.
• 1931
  • Rotenberg and Zuffenhausen become part of city.
  • Ferdinand Porsche in business. ^[21]
• 1933
  • Feuerbach and Weilimdorf become part of city.
  • Karl Strölin becomes mayor.
  • Adolf-Hitler-Kampfbahn (stadium) built.
• 1935 - Max-Eyth-See (artificial lake) created.
• 1937 - Kurmärker Kaserne (military barracks) built.
• 1938
  • Helenen Kaserne (military barracks) established.
  • Coat of arms of Stuttgart  [ de ] redesign adopted.
• 1939
  • Stuttgart Airport built.
  • Horticultural exhibition held in Killesbergpark.
  • Deportation of Jews begins.
• 1940
  • Robert-Bosch-Hospital opens.
  • August 25: Aerial bombing by Allied forces begins.
• 1942
  • Plieningen and Stammheim (Stuttgart)  [ de ] become part of city.
  • November 22: Aerial bombing.
• 1943
  • March 11: Aerial bombing.
  • April 15: Aerial bombing.
  • September 6: Aerial bombing.
  • October 8: Aerial bombing.
  • November 26: Aerial bombing.
• 1944
  • February 21: Aerial bombing.
  • March 2: Aerial bombing.
  • March 15: Aerial bombing.
  • July: Aerial bombing.
  • September: Aerial bombing.
  • October 19: Aerial bombing.
  • November 5: Aerial bombing.
  • December 9: Aerial bombing.
• 1945
  • January 28: Aerial bombing.
  • April 21: Allied ground forces take city; military occupation begins.
  • December 5: United States Army occupies Kelley Barracks.
  • Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra and Volkstheater founded.
  • Arnulf Klett becomes mayor.

1946-1990s

• 1946 - Südfunk-Chor Stuttgart (choir) formed.
• 1947 - Alte Staatsgalerie rebuilt.
• 1948 - Bölkow aircraft manufactory in business.
• 1952 - City becomes part of newly formed state of Baden-Württemberg.
• 1953 - Landesarboretum Baden-Württemberg established.
• 1954
  • Bodensee-Wasserversorgung  [ de ] (water supply organization) founded. ^[22]
  • State Museum of Natural History exhibits open in Rosenstein Castle. ^[6]
• 1956 - Fernsehturm Stuttgart commissioned.
• 1957 - Birkenkopf enlarged.
• 1961 - City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial). ^[23]
• 1964
  • Stammheim Prison commissioned.
  • New Palace reconstructed.
• 1965
  • Wilhelm Palais reconstructed.
  • Railway Vehicle Preservation Company founded.
• 1966 - Funkturm Stuttgart and Versatel building constructed.
• 1967 - United States European Command headquarters relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1969 - Old Castle renovated.
• 1970 - Württembergische Landesbibliothek (state library) building opens.
• 1971 - Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group in business. ^[24]
• 1972 - Hannibal housing development and Fernmeldeturm constructed.
• 1973 - Stuttgart (region) (Regierungsbezirk) established.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 1974 - Manfred Rommel becomes mayor.
• 1975
  • Trial of Red Army Faction members held in Stammheim Prison.
  • Stuttgart-Möhringen directional radio tower built.
• 1976
  • Porsche Museum opens.
  • Kickers-Stadium renovated.
• 1978
  • Stuttgart S-Bahn begins operating.
  • Künstlerhaus Stuttgart  [ de ] founded. ^[25]
  • Roman Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart active. ^[26]
• 1981 - Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart founded.
• 1982 - Trickfilmfestival Stuttgart  [ de ] begins.
• 1983 - Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle built.
• 1984
  • Neue Staatsgalerie (art museum) opens.
  • Theaterhaus Stuttgart founded.
• 1987 - Sparkassen Cup track and field competition begins.
• 1988
  • Schwanenbrau Cup cycling race begins.
  • May: 1988 European Cup Final held.
• 1994 - Stuttgart Region (metropolitan area)^{[ citation needed ]} and Regionalversammlung des Verbands Region Stuttgart  [ de ] (regional governance entity) established.
• 1997 - Wolfgang Schuster becomes mayor.
• 2000 - Observation tower built in Killesbergpark.

21st century

• 2005 - Kunstmuseum Stuttgart opens.
• 2006 - Mercedes-Benz Museum opens.
• 2007
  • Messe Stuttgart (exhibition centre) built.
  • United States Africa Command headquartered in Stuttgart.
• 2011
  • May: Trial of Rwandan military leader Ignace Murwanashyaka begins at the Oberlandesgericht Stuttgart  [ de ].
  • Population: 613,392.
• 2013 - Fritz Kuhn becomes mayor. ^[27]

See also

• Stuttgart history
• List of districts of Stuttgart  [ de ]
• List of mayors of Stuttgart  [ de ]

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:^(de)

• Timeline of Mannheim

References

1. Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
2. "Stuttgart", Southern Germany and Austria (2nd ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1871, OCLC   4090237
3. Brockhaus 1896.
4. Britannica 1910.
5. "Stuttgart", Southern Germany, including Wurtemberg and Bavaria (8th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1895
6. "Von der herzoglich-württembergischen Kunstkammer zum Staatlichen Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart" (in German). Staatliche Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
7. "Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart" (in German). Retrieved January 5, 2013.
8. "Garden Search: Germany". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International . Retrieved 30 June 2015.
9. Bogen 2012.
10. J.W. v. Muller (1858). "Das zoologische Museum von Ploucquet, Präparator am k. Naturalienkabinet in Stuttgart". Journal für Ornithologie (in German). 6: 74–75. Bibcode:1858JOrn....6...74V. doi:10.1007/bf02018759. S2CID   43324182.
11. W. Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Stuttgart", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
12. Lynn K. Nyhart (2009), Modern nature: the rise of the biological perspective in Germany, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ISBN   9780226610894, OL   16943386M, 0226610896
13. Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoos and Aquariums of the World (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-4200-3924-5.
14. "History of Wilhelma". Wilhelma, der zoologisch-botanische Garten Stuttgart. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
15. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN   0824209583.
16. Roger Philip Chickering (1969). "Peace Movement and the Religious Community in Germany, 1900-1914". Church History. 38 (3): 300–311. doi:10.2307/3163154. JSTOR   3163154. S2CID   162278135.
17. "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1904. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368424.
18. "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1915. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368358.
19. "Germany: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via Hathi Trust.
20. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-00132-8.
21. "History". Porsche Cars Great Britain Ltd. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
22. Ursula Heinzelmann (2008). "Timeline". Food Culture in Germany. Greenwood Press. ISBN   978-0-313-34495-4.
23. "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
24. Mary H. Munroe (2004). "Holtzbrinck Timeline". The Academic Publishing Industry: A Story of Merger and Acquisition. Archived from the original on 2014-10-20 – via Northern Illinois University.
25. "Germany". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum . Retrieved 1 December 2013.
26. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 June 2015.
27. "Fritz Kuhn ... darf ab Montag Stuttgart regieren". Rheinische Post (in German). January 5, 2013.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• "Stuttgart", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c (9th ed.), Berlin: J.H. Herz, 1908, OCLC   36795367
• "Stuttgart"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 1054–1055.
• Nathaniel Newnham Davis (1911), "Stuttgart", The Gourmet's Guide to Europe (3rd ed.), London: Grant Richards
• "Stuttgart", Southern Germany (Wurtemberg and Bavaria) (12th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1914, OCLC   2011248
• John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Stuttgart". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing. ISBN   0-8240-7644-3.

in German

• Wilhelm Heinrich Theodor Plieninger (1834). Beschreibung von Stuttgart (in German). Stuttgart: Hoffmann.
• August Zoller (1841). Stuttgart und seine Umgebungen (in German). Stuttgart: F.H. Kohler.
• Julius Hartmann (1886). Chronik der Stadt Stuttgart (in German). Stuttgart: Greiner & Pfeiffer.
• "Stuttgart". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064528.
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Stuttgart". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas[Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
• Stuttgart [Chronicles of the German Cities]. Die Chroniken der Deutschen Städte (in German). Vol. 33–36. Leipzig: S. Hirzel. 1928–1931.
• Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Stuttgart". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 1877+. ISBN   978-3-11-029555-9.
• Uwe Bogen; Thomas Wagner (2012). Stuttgart: Eine Stadt verändert ihr Gesicht (in German). Sutton Verlag.

External links

• "Stuttgarter Stadtgeschichte im Überblick" [Stuttgart city history at a glance]. Stadtgeschichte (city history) (in German). Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart.
• Links to fulltext city directories for Stuttgart via Wikisource