The following is a summary of the transport system of the Republic of North Macedonia .
total:925 km (575 mi) (699 km (437 miles) of open track and 225 km (140 mi) of station/industrial track) [1]
standard gauge:925 km (575 mi) 1.435-m gauge (312 km electrified, all 25 kV 50 Hz)
note: a new 56 km (35 mi) extension of the Kumanovo-Beljakovci line to the Bulgarian border is under construction. [2]
Restructuring of national railway MZ into infrastructure and operating companies completed in July 2007. [3]
14,410 km (8,950 mi)total (2021)
335 km of motorways (2021)
A-1
Tabanovce - Kumanovo - Miladinovci - Petrovec - Veles - Gradsko - Negotino - Demir Kapija - Gevgelija
A-2
Deve Bair - Kriva Palanka - Kumanovo - Skopje - Tetovo - Gostivar - Kičevo - Struga - Qafë Thanë
A-3
Ohrid - Resen - Bitola - Prilep - Veles - Štip - Kočani - Delčevo
(M-5K1 Bitola - Medžitlija)
A-4
Blace - Skopje - Petrovec - Miladinovci - Sveti Nikole - Štip - Radoviš - Strumica - Novo Selo
The first motorway in the country was the Kumanovo-Petrovec section of the A-1, opened for traffic in 1979 as part of the Brotherhood and Unity Highway which linked Central Europe to Athens.
In 2022 the country had 335 kilometers (208 mi) of motorways, with additional 57 kilometers (35 mi) under construction [4]
The E-road network in North Macedonia consists of:
E65
E75
E852
E871
The traffic signs adhere to the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals.
Lights must be on all the time, seatbelts are mandatory for passengers in the front and drivers are forbidden to speak on a mobile phone while driving.
The general speed limits are:
None. Lake transport (tourist and recreational boats) only, on the Greek and Albanian borders.
North Macedonia has no sea access. There are marinas for mostly recreational traffic on Ohrid Lake and other natural and artificial lakes.
Air transport in North Macedonia began after the end of the First World War, when airmail traffic route was created between Novi Sad–Belgrade–Niš–Skoplje. [5] Later, the Yugoslav flag carrier Aeroput inaugurated in 1930 a regular scheduled flight between Belgrade and Thessaloniki with a stop in Skopje airfield. Later, in 1933, Aeroput extended the route to Athens, while in 1935 Skopje was linked to Niš, Bitola, and Podujevo in 1936. [6]
After the end of Second World War, passenger and cargo air transport reestablished, Aeroput was rebranded as JAT Yugoslav Airlines, and routes linking Belgrade, through Skopje, to Athens and Istanbul, using a Douglas DC-3, were inaugurated. During SFRY period JAT linked Skopje with Belgrade and other domestic destinations, but through Belgrade passengers from Skopje were able to catch connecting flights to all five continents. In the 1980s the Skopje airport was majorly expanded, and by late 1980s and early 1990s several companies with hub in Skopje were created, such as Palair, Avioimpex, Air Vardar, and others. After independence of North Macedonia, most became flag carriers of the newly independent country.
Beside Skopje, in North Macedonia, during second half of the 20th century, Ohrid airport was also developed, starting with the opening of regular scheduled flights between Belgrade–Skopje–Ohrid during the 1960s. Until 1990 charted flights were also inaugurated linking Ohrid with international destinations.
As of 2024, the country has no active air transport companies; the international airports of Skopje and Ohrid are served by foreign airlines.
17 (2002 est.)
total: 11
8,000 to 9,999 ft: 2
under 3,000 ft: 8 (2000 est.)
total: 6
3,000 to 4,999 ft: 3
under 3,000 ft: 3 (2000 est.)
Transport in Serbia includes transport by road, rail, air and water. Road transport incorporates a comprehensive network of major and minor roads. Rail transport is fairly developed, although dual track and electrification are not very common. Water transport revolves around river transport while air transport around country's three main international airports.
The Vardar Banovina, or Vardar Banate, was a province (banate) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941.
European route E 75 is part of the International E-road network, which is a series of main roads in Europe.
Makedonski Železnici is the public enterprise for railways in North Macedonia. Railway operations are run by Železnici na Republika Severna Makedonija Transport and the infrastructure maintained by Makedonski Železnici Infrastruktura.
Sojuz na Izvidnici na Makedonija (The Scout Association of Macedonia) (Macedonian: Сојуз на извидници на Македонија), the national scouting organization of Republic of North Macedonia, became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1997. The coeducational Sojuz na Izvidnici na Makedonija has 3010 members as of 2023.
The municipalities are the first-order administrative divisions of North Macedonia.
Skopje International Airport also known as Skopje Airport (Macedonian: Аеродром Скопје, romanized: Aerodrom Skopje, and Petrovec Airport is the larger and busier of the two international airports in North Macedonia, with the other being the St. Paul the Apostle Airport in Ohrid, which is located 170 km southwest from the national capital Skopje. The airport was previously named Skopje Alexander the Great Airport.
Petrovec Municipality is a municipality in northern North Macedonia, near the capital Skopje. Petrovec is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. It is located in the Skopje Statistical Region.
The motorways in North Macedonia are called avtopat and the name, like its translation in most languages, simply means auto road.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to North Macedonia:
Tourism in North Macedonia is a large factor of the nation's economy. The country's large abundance of natural and cultural attractions make it suitable for tourism.
The Corridor X is one of the pan-European corridors. It runs between Salzburg in Austria and Thessaloniki in Greece. The corridor passes through Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Greece. It has four branches: Xa, Xb, Xc, and Xd.
Transport in Kosovo consists of transport by land and air. After the Kosovo's independence, improvements to the road infrastructure, urban transport, rail transport and air travel have all led to a vast improvement in transportation. These upgrades have played a key role in supporting Kosovo's economy.
The A1 motorway is a motorway in North Macedonia forming part of the E75. It spans 173 kilometers (107 mi) as a four-lane, tolled, controlled-access highway. It crosses the country from north to south, starting at the border with Serbia near Kumanovo and ending at the Evzoni-Bogorodica border crossing with Greece near Gevgelija. As a part of the Pan-European corridor X, connecting to North Macedonia's biggest cities, it is one of the vital highways for Macedonian infrastructure, and significant works are currently undergoing for its reconstruction and enhancement.
Transportation Center Skopje is the main city bus and railway station in the Republic of North Macedonia capital Skopje. It was built after the 1963 Skopje earthquake that destroyed the Original station buildings. The station is served by Long-distance trains to Belgrade, Thessaloniki, Athens and Ljubljana, and Express routes to Thessaloniki, via Vienna that serve Skopje twice daily, once going to Thessaloniki and second time returning to Vienna, passing through Belgrade and Ljubljana. The Skopje railway station is 15 min walking from the main square Makedonija.
The Corridor VIII is one of the Pan-European corridors. It comprises both road and rail routes. Both commence on the Italian Adriatic coast at Bari or Brindisi, with a ferry crossing to Durrës in Albania. From there the routes cross the southern Balkans into Bulgaria and thence to Varna, on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The road corridor follows the route: Tirana/Durrës/Vlorë – Elbasan – Skopje – Pernik – Sofia – Plovdiv – Burgas – Varna. Although as yet incomplete, it is broadly paralleled by the rail route: Durrës/Vlorë-Lin-Radožda-Kičevo-Skopje-Kumanovo-Beljakovtse-Kriva Palanka-Gyueševo-Sofija-Burgas-Varna.
AMSM is North Macedonia's largest automobile club, with more than 20,000 members in 2021. It was founded 1945. Through its 14 regional clubs, AMSM covers the entire territory of the Republic of Macedonia. AMSM provides 24-hour assistance and safe travel home and abroad. AMSM is the only member of the FIA since 1994 and is member of the ARC Europe from 1997 as well.
The COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia was a part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached North Macedonia in February 2020. The initial contagion in the country was mainly connected with the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy as there are circa 70,000 residents of Italy from North Macedonia and resulted in many people returning to North Macedonia, bringing the virus with them. As of 9 July, over 7,000 cases have been confirmed in the country, due to its second wave caused by family reunions during Eid al-Fitr among the Muslim minority and the overall re-opening of the country to organize the parliamentary elections.
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