Trifolium wormskioldii | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fabales |
Family: | Fabaceae |
Subfamily: | Faboideae |
Genus: | Trifolium |
Species: | T. wormskioldii |
Binomial name | |
Trifolium wormskioldii | |
Synonyms [2] | |
List
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Trifolium wormskioldii is a species of clover [3] native to the western half of North America. Its common names include cows clover, [4] coast clover, sand clover, seaside clover, springbank clover, [5] and Wormskjold's clover. [3]
Trifolium wormskioldii, a legume, is a perennial herb sometimes taking a matlike form, with decumbent or upright stems. The leaves are made up of leaflets measuring 1 to 3 centimetres (1⁄2 to 1+1⁄4 inches) long. The lower stipules are tipped with bristles and the upper stipules may be toothed.
The rounded inflorescences are 2 to 3 cm (3⁄4 to 1+1⁄4 in) wide. The sepals are bristle-tipped. The corollas are pinkish purple or magenta with white tips. [6]
The species was given its scientific name in honour of the Danish botanist Morten Wormskjold. [7]
This plant is native to the western half of North America from Alaska, through California, to Mexico. It is a perennial herb that grows in many locales, from beaches to mountain ridges, below about 3,200 metres (10,500 ft) in elevation. [6]
Habitats it grows in include chaparral, oak woodland, grassland, yellow pine forest, red fir forest, lodgepole forest, subalpine forest, and wetland−riparian.
Many Native American groups of western North America use this clover for food. The herbage and flowers are eaten raw, sometimes salted. The roots are commonly steamed or boiled and eaten with fish, fish eggs, and fish grease. [8]
This species is host to the caterpillar of the Western cloudywing butterfly ( Thorybes diversus ). [9]
Trifolium angustifolium is a species of clover known by the common names narrowleaf crimson clover, narrow clover and narrow-leaved clover.
Trifolium barbigerum is a species of clover known by the common name bearded clover.
Trifolium beckwithii is a species of clover known by the common name Beckwith's clover.
Trifolium bifidum is a species of clover known by the common names notchleaf clover and pinole clover. It is native to the western United States from Washington to California, where it grows in many types of habitat. It is an annual herb spreading or growing erect in form. It is lightly hairy to hairless in texture. The leaves are made up of oval leaflets 1 to 2 centimeters long, usually with notches in the tips. The inflorescence is a head of flowers up to 1.5 centimeters wide. Each flower has a calyx of sepals that narrow to bristles covered in long hairs. The flower corolla is yellowish, pinkish, or purple and under a centimeter long. The flowers droop on the head as they age.
Trifolium breweri, which has the common names forest clover and Brewer's clover, is a perennial clover that is native to mixed evergreen forests and coastal coniferous forests in Southern Oregon and California.
Trifolium buckwestiorum is a rare species of clover known by the common name Santa Cruz clover.
Trifolium ciliolatum is a species of clover known by the common name foothill clover. It is native to western North America from Washington to Baja California.
Trifolium depauperatum is a species of clover known by the common names cowbag clover, poverty clover, and balloon sack clover.
Trifolium eriocephalum is a species of clover known by the common name woollyhead clover or hairy head clover.
Trifolium fucatum is a species of clover known by the common names bull clover and sour clover. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in many types of habitat, becoming common to abundant in some areas. It is an edible species of clover.
Trifolium hirtum, commonly known as rose clover, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is indigenous to a range of regions spanning Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to other parts of the world where it is cultivated for various purposes.
Trifolium howellii is a species of clover known by the common names canyon clover and Howell's clover. It is native to Oregon and California, where it grows in moist and shady habitat types, such as swamps and forest streambanks.
Trifolium lemmonii is a species of clover known by the common name Lemmon's clover.
Trifolium macrocephalum is a species of clover known by the common name largehead clover or bighead clover native to the Great Basin region of the western United States.
Trifolium microcephalum is a species of clover known by the common names smallhead clover and small-headed clover.
Trifolium oliganthum is a species of clover known by the common name fewflower clover. It is native to western coastal and montane North America from British Columbia to California, the Sierra Nevada, and to Baja California, where it occurs in many types of habitat.
Trifolium variegatum is a species of clover known by the common name whitetip clover. It is native to western North America from southern Alaska and British Columbia to Baja California, where it occurs in many types of habitat.
Trifolium siskiyouense, the Siskiyou clover, is a clover species endemic to the Klamath Mountains in the western United States.
Trifolium reflexum, the Buffalo Clover, is a species of clover native to the Eastern United States. It is found in areas of natural openings including woodlands, glades, and prairies, often in acidic areas. It is an annual or biennial that produces white to dark pink flowers in the late spring.
Thorybes diversus, the western cloudywing, is a butterfly of the Hesperiidae (skipper) family. It is found in the western North America. The range extends along western slopes of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountain ranges, from southern Oregon to Mariposa County. The habitat consists of small openings in coniferous forests.