Twineham | |
---|---|
Village | |
Twineham church | |
Location within West Sussex | |
Area | 7.84 km2 (3.03 sq mi) [1] |
Population | 271 [1] 2001 Census 306 (2011 Census) [2] |
• Density | 35/km2 (91/sq mi) |
OS grid reference | TQ256198 |
• London | 37 miles (60 km) N |
Civil parish |
|
District | |
Shire county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | HAYWARDS HEATH |
Postcode district | RH17 |
Dialling code | 01444 |
Police | Sussex |
Fire | West Sussex |
Ambulance | South East Coast |
UK Parliament | |
Website | Twineham Parish Council |
Twineham is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. It is located eight kilometres (5 miles) to the west of Burgess Hill. The civil parish covers an area of 784 hectares (1,940 acres) In the 2001 census 271 people lived in 100 households, of whom 139 were economically active. The 2011 Census population was 306. [2]
The village centre has no pub, post office or shop. There is only the church and the school.
The hamlet of Hickstead lies at the eastern end of the parish, on the A23 road, 2.7 mi (4.3 km) west of Burgess Hill.
This flat waterland geography of the Adur's fingered streams is a land of hamms, that word that the Saxons used to denote long, reedy brooks and meadows, wetlands hemmed in by higher ground, or land hemmed in by marsh [3] :46 and there are places like Twineham (meaning "place between the streams", recorded as Tuineam in the late 11th century, Twyne in the 13th century and Twynym in the 15th century [4] [5] [6] ), and Wyndham (now Wineham). The parish embraces the lands between the western and eastern arms of the Adur, and it embraces the confluence of the eastern Adur and the Herrings (or Heron) Stream.
There is another forgotten geography too, that stripes this landscape in long south-north parallels: the geography of the drove roads. Probably early medieval, maybe some earlier still, these were the wide ways whereby the cultivators of the rich lands of the coastal plain, the Downs, and the under-down spring line, brought their swine for the autumn pannage (nut harvest) in the Wealden woods, and their cattle for the lush bite of the meadowlands. Some of these droves are plain to see like the Wineham Lane. Others have faded greatly into the landscape, though hedgelines and old boundaries mark them out, like that going north from High Cross through Twineham Place, and on to Spronketts Wood north of the A272. [7]
In Anglo-Saxon times this area was a royal manor. [8]
In 1911, the village started to get its piped water supply from the Burgess Hill Water Company. In 1928, the roads were surfaced, and electricity came to the village in 1936. The village of Twineham has never had its own pub, although there are two pubs in the parish of Twineham.
Around Twineham is a level, open countryside of meandering lush streams and large fields, a bit like the best of old Norfolk in the well-timbered Weald. Along the streams, the sounds of yellowhammers and reed warblers in spring do their best to compete with the low roar of the London Road. A tawny owl made it its home (2016) and hunts along the thick hedgerows and low scrub much as a barn owl would. [7]
Twineham civil parish contains 21 listed buildings. Of these, one is Grade I, two are Grade II* and the remaining 18 buildings are Grade II.
Farms like Twineham Place have big spreads of modern industrial-scale shedding, whilst the derelict battery egg production sheds of Whiteoaks Farm ( TQ 260 180 ), on Reeds Lane, have now been replaced by a landscaped industrial estate. There is still a fair amount of cultivated ground and farmed land, relative to much of the Low Weald. [5]
The Parish Church of St Peter ( TQ 252 199 ) is a Grade I listed building. [9] and is made of local brick, the first of that material in mid Sussex, circa 1516. [10] It is likely to have replaced a wooden church. Inside, some of the aisle slabs are of fossil winklestone, from a Sussex marble band that outcrops roughly along, but just south of, Gratten Lane. The pulpit and squire's pew have the finest carving: the former Jacobean, the latter Elizabethan. Until recently there was is a Householder's Pew with the old farm names gilded upon it.
Slipe is a Grade II* listed building and a former farmhouse, originally a 15th-century timber-framed open hall with a solar wing, modified in the 16th century and restored in the 1920s and late 1940s. [11]
Hickstead Place is a Grade II* listed building and a timber-framed house of different periods, altered from the 18th century onwards; the oldest portions are 15th century. [12]
Part of the All England Jumping Course at Hickstead is located within the parish; however, the International Arena itself, and public access to the course from the A23, are outside the parish, to the south, in the civil parish of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common. [13]
Twineham's War Memorial is a Grade II* listed building . The National Heritage List for England describes it as 'an elegant and well-proportioned example of a Celtic cross memorial displaying good quality materials and fine craftsmanship'. [14]
The eastern River Adur meets Herrings Stream at Twineham ( TQ 239 193 ). The river then continues to the west of Henfield, where it meets the western Adur to reach the sea at Shoreham-by-Sea. The streams are rich in dragon and damselflies; from Hooker's Bridge, ( TQ 255 203 ), along the little Adur west to its confluence with the Herrings Stream ( TQ 240 196 ) and back east to Herrings Bridge ( TQ 254 193 ) there are emperors, chasers, banded demioselles, and much more. [7]
At the confluence the Reed and Greater Pond Sedge beds are extensive, and noisy with the discordant grating of bands of reed bunting flocks and reed warblers in spring. The primroses are plentiful along Gratten Lane, e.g. ( TQ 245 192 ), with long views in all directions. At Bob's Lane ( TQ 246 205 ) a pairs of barn owls forage the fields, hedgelines and wood edges. There is ancient flowers such as early dog violet, sweet woodruff, orchids and bluebells. [7]
The hamlet of Hickstead, lie at the eastern end of the parish. At Hickstead, the Herrings Stream cuts between the Show Jumping Course and Hickstead Place. West of the Course, the Stream passes a wooded medieval moated site ( TQ 262 195 ), and several old oaks. The Herrings Stream has relatively good bankside access from Hickstead east to the A273, Eylesford Bridge. [7]
Twineham Parish Council has five parish councillors. [15] The Parish Council holds six planned meetings a year; additional meetings may be called to discuss planning applications. Meetings are held at Twineham School. [16]
The Localism Act 2011 gives town or parish councils the ability to produce their own neighbourhood plan. [17] The Twineham Neighbourhood Plan was made on 24 March 2016. The plan informs development decisions, and helps influence the type, quality and location of that development. [13]
Twineham civil parish is in Bolney Ward of the non-metropolitan district of Mid Sussex; [18] the ward returns one councillor to Mid Sussex District Council. [19]
The responsibilities of district councils include local planning, housing, local highways, building, environmental health, and refuse collection. [20]
Twineham civil parish is in the Hurstpierpoint and Bolney electoral division of the non-metropolitan county of West Sussex. [18] The division returns one councillor to West Sussex County Council. [21]
The functions of county councils including education, transport, strategic planning, fire services, consumer protection, refuse disposal, social services and libraries. [20]
Twineham civil parish is now in the Mid Sussex constituency. [18] Prior to 2010 it was in the Arundel and South Downs constituency.
Twineham Church of England Primary School is a voluntary controlled school catering for Reception to Year 6 pupils (aged 4 to 11). There are no nursery classes. The school has capacity for 105 pupils. [22] [23]
The school's Ofsted rating is ‘Good’. It was last inspected on 17 November 2022. Good schools are inspected around once every four years; the next Ofsted inspection is therefore due in 2026. [24]
The school is located in Church Lane, Twineham, adjacent to St Peter's Church. It was opened in 1864, with provision for 80 children. [25] Originally a tithe barn, the building has various additions, the latest in 2009. [26] [27]
St Peter's Church is early Tudor, built with mellow red brick and a Horsham stone roof. There are covered pews, a gallery under the tower, which has a peal of five bells, and a Jacobean pulpit. The church is a Grade I listed building for the rarity of small early C16 churches. [9]
The churchyard contains a Quaker burial ground (used between 1694 and 1732) marked by four stone corner posts.
Twineham & Wineham Cricket Club, founded in 1893, still play at the village's recreation ground. The club plays friendly Sunday matches both at home and away against local village teams between the end of April and the end of September. The club was revived in the early 1980s after some years in the wilderness. In the late 1980s, its membership was boosted by the arrival of players from the recently defunct Warninglid team and the influx of a number of players from Brighton.[ citation needed ]
Douglas Bunn (1928 – 2009), showjumping entrepreneur and businessman, lived in the parish, near Hickstead. He was godfather to model Jodie Kidd, who married entrepreneur Aidan Butler at St Peter's Church, Twineham on 10 September 2005. [28]
Hurstpierpoint is a village in West Sussex, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Burgess Hill, and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Hassocks railway station. It sits in the civil parish of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common which has an area of 2029.88 ha and a population of 7,112.
Henfield is a small town and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies 41 miles (66 km) south of London, 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Brighton, and 30 miles (48 km) east northeast of the county town of Chichester at the road junction of the A281 and A2037. The parish has a land area of 4,285 acres (1,734.1 ha). In the 2001 census 5,012 people lived in 2,153 households, of whom 2,361 were economically active. Other nearby towns include Burgess Hill to the east and Shoreham-by-Sea to the south. The population at the 2011 Census was 5,349.
Sompting is a village and civil parish in the coastal Adur District of West Sussex, England between Lancing and Worthing. It is half grassland slopes and half developed plain at the foot of the South Downs National Park. Twentieth-century estates dovetail into those of slightly larger Lancing.
Hassocks is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. Its name is believed to derive from the tufts of grass found in the surrounding fields.
Ashurst Wood is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, within the historic county of Sussex, England. It is 1 mile (2 km) to the southeast of East Grinstead, just off the A22 arterial road. In 2001, the population was 1,771, increasing to 1,833 at the 2011 Census. Ashurst Wood is within the High Weald Area of Natural Beauty and has an SSSI inside its boundaries. The village has a history of agriculture and farming, and contains a church, village hall, primary school, two public houses, a general shop, post office and several small business premises. There is an independent school on the boundary of the village, called Brambletye School, and a former one, Stoke Brunswick School, which closed in 2009. Bus routes run through the village with destinations of East Grinstead, Crawley, Haywards Heath, Tunbridge Wells and Brighton.
Newick is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is located on the A272 road six miles (9.7 km) east of Haywards Heath.
Southease is a small village and civil parish in East Sussex, in South East England between the A26 road and the C7 road from Lewes to Newhaven. The village is to the west of the River Ouse, Sussex and has a church dedicated to Saint Peter. Southease railway station lies roughly a kilometre east over the river and may be reached via a swing bridge.
Albourne is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex district of West Sussex, England. It lies just off the A23 road three miles (4.8 km) east of Henfield. The parish has a land area of 772.9 hectares (1909 acres). In the 2001 census 600 people lived in 234 households, of whom 321 were economically active. The population at the 2011 Census was 644. The name comes from an alder-lined stream, which is likely to have been the Cutler's Brook.
Wivelsfield village and the larger adjacent village of Wivelsfield Green are the core of the civil parish of Wivelsfield in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. The villages are 9.3 miles (15.0 km) north of the city of Brighton and Hove.
Kingston by Sea, also known as Kingston Buci, Kingston Bucii or simply Kingston, is a small area in the Adur district of West Sussex, England. Although it is now part of a continuous urban area, its origins lay in an ancient village and parish church between Southwick to the east, Shoreham-by-Sea to the west and the mouth of the River Adur to the south. St Julian's Church survives, and its parish perpetuates the ancient "Kingston Buci" name.
Fulking is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. The parish lies wholly with the South Downs National Park.
Poynings is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. The parish lies wholly with the South Downs National Park. To its south is Brighton and Hove, to its west is the Fulking parish, to its east is the Newtimber parish and to its north is Albourne parish. The planning authority for Poynings is the South Downs National Park Authority (SDNPA), the statutory planning authority for the National Park area.
Hangleton is a residential suburb and unparished area of Brighton and Hove, in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. The area was developed in the 1930s after it was incorporated into the borough of Hove, but has ancient origins: its parish church was founded in the 11th century and retains 12th-century fabric, and the medieval manor house is Hove's oldest secular building. The village became depopulated in the medieval era and the church fell into ruins, and the population in the isolated hilltop parish only reached 100 in the early 20th century; but rapid 20th-century development resulted in more than 6,000 people living in Hangleton in 1951 and over 9,000 in 1961. By 2013 the population exceeded 14,000.
Woodmancote is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The village is 1 mile (1.5 km) southeast of Henfield on the A281 road. It should not be confused with the other West Sussex village of Woodmancote near Chichester.
Goddards Green is a hamlet in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. It is in the civil parish of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common, and lies just off the A2300 road 1.7 miles (2.8 km) west of Burgess Hill.
Shermanbury is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the A281 road approximately 2 miles (3 km) north of Henfield. The present day village consists mainly of a ribbon development of bungalows on the east side of the A281, while the ancient parish church is to the east by Shermanbury Place. Between these is Ewhurst Manor, a 16th-century house on an old moated site with a 14th-century stone gatehouse and nearby artificial lake and farmstead.
Wineham is a hamlet mainly in the Shermanbury civil parish of the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. It is south of the A272 road, and approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) northeast of Henfield. Historically called Wyndham the settlement has one public house, the Royal Oak.
St Michael and All Angels Church is an Anglican church in the town of Southwick in the district of Adur, one of seven local government districts in the English county of West Sussex. Some Saxon-era structural work is still visible despite rebuilding work in the 12th and 13th centuries and in more recent times; and a church may have existed on the site as early as the 10th century—before the ancient settlement of Southwick even took that name. The church has been damaged by fire and bombing, but is still in active use as the area's parish church. English Heritage has listed it at Grade II* for its architectural and historical importance.
St Peter's Church is the Church of England parish church of Twineham, a village in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. The church, with St Barthomew's in Albourne and Christ Church in Sayers Common, serves the modern ecclesiastical parish of Albourne, Sayers Common and Twineham (ASCaT).