Abdurrahman Wahid, though more colloquially known as Gus Dur, was an Indonesian politician and Islamic religious leader who served as the 4th president of Indonesia, from his election in 1999 until he was removed from office in 2001. A long time leader within the Nahdlatul Ulama organization, he was the founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB). He was the son of Minister of Religious Affairs Wahid Hasyim, and the grandson of Nahdatul Ulama founder Hasyim Asy'ari. He had a visual impairment caused by glaucoma; he was blind in the left eye and partially blind in his right eye. He was the first and as of 2024 the only president of Indonesia to have had physical disabilities.
The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle is a secular-nationalist political party in Indonesia. Since 2014, it has been the ruling and largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR) with 128 seats. The party is currently led by Megawati Sukarnoputri, who served as the President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004. It is also the party of the current president, Joko Widodo.
The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a political party in Indonesia. It was founded as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups in 1964, and participated for the first time in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Golkar was not officially a political party until 1999, when it was required to become a party in order to contest elections.
The United Development Party is an Islamist political party in Indonesia. Due to its distinctive logo, the party is known as the "Kaaba Party".
Elections in Indonesia have taken place since 1955 to elect a legislature. At a national level, Indonesian people did not elect a head of state – the president – until 2004. Since then, the president is elected for a five-year term, as are the 575-member People's Representative Council, the 136-seat Regional Representative Council, in addition to provincial and municipal legislative councils.
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 29 May 1997. There were three simultaneous elections in one because voters were electing members of two levels of regional government as well as the national-level People's Representative Council. This was to be the last election of President Suharto's New Order regime, which collapsed a year later. Like the preceding New Order elections, it was won outright by the Golkar organization.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 8 July 2009. The elections returned a president and vice president for the 2009–2014 term. Incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, elected with a 20% margin in the 2004 election, sought a second term against former President Megawati Sukarnoputri in a rematch of the 2004 election, as well as incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla. Securing a majority of the votes in a landslide victory in the first round, Yudhoyono was re-elected without the need to proceed to a second round, scheduled to be held on 8 September if no candidate received a majority of the popular vote. Yudhoyono was officially declared the victor of the election on 23 July 2009, by the General Election Commission (KPU). At the time of his re-election victory, Yudhoyono, with nearly 74 million votes in his favour, held the record for the highest number of votes for a single person in any democratic election in history, surpassing Barack Obama's total of 69 million votes in the 2008 United States presidential election. His record was surpassed by his successor Joko Widodo who won 85 million votes in 2019.
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 23 April 1987, to elect 400 of the 500 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR), the national legislature. The election was the fifth legislative election in the country since independence and the fourth legislative election under President Suharto's New Order. The election resulted in an outright majority for Golkar, which retained its status as the ruling party of the country.
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2009 for 132 seats of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) and 560 seats of the People's Representative Council (DPR). A total of 38 parties met the requirements to be allowed to participate in the national elections, with a further six regional parties contesting in Aceh only. The Democratic Party of incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the largest share of the vote, followed by Golkar and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle.
The Second United Indonesia Cabinet was sworn in on 22 October 2009, two days after the inauguration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono for the second term. The cabinet consists of members from Yudhoyono's Democratic Party and its coalition partners as well as non-party figures.
Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno is an Indonesian businessman, investor and politician who is the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy, and was the Deputy Governor of Jakarta. He was elected along with Anies Baswedan in the 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election after defeating incumbent pair Basuki Tjahaja Purnama and Djarot Saiful Hidayat. He resigned the office to run as Prabowo Subianto's running mate for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election.
General elections were held in Indonesia on 17 April 2019. For the first time in the country's history, the president, the vice president, members of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), and members of local legislative bodies were elected on the same day with over 190 million eligible voters. Sixteen parties participated in the elections nationally, including four new parties.
The 2018 East Java gubernatorial election took place on 27 June 2018 as part of the simultaneous local elections. It was held to elect the governor of East Java along with their deputy, whilst members of the provincial council will be re-elected in 2019.
The 2018 Central Java gubernatorial election was held on 27 June 2018 as part of the simultaneous local elections. It was conducted to elect the governor of Central Java along with their deputy, whilst members of the provincial council will be re-elected in 2019.
Joko Widodo's presidential campaign in 2019 was Joko Widodo's second presidential bid, following his first campaign's success in the 2014 presidential election. The campaign aimed for Joko Widodo's re-election, with Islamic cleric Ma'ruf Amin as his running mate in a rematch against Prabowo Subianto.
The Onward Indonesia Coalition is an official political coalition in Indonesia that supported the presidential/vice presidential candidates Joko Widodo and Ma'ruf Amin in the 2019 presidential election. It was initially known as the Working Indonesia Coalition, founded in 2018. The coalition is currently utilized as the government of President Joko Widodo.
The Advanced Indonesia Coalition, formerly the Great Indonesia Awakening Coalition, is an official political coalition in Indonesia which was formed through a political agreement between two parties from the Onward Indonesia Coalition, namely the Gerindra Party (Gerindra) and the National Awakening Party (PKB), to nominate Prabowo Subianto, Minister of Defence, as a presidential candidate in 2024 Indonesian presidential election.
The Coalition of Change for Unity, also known as the Coalition of Change or the Blue Sapphire Coalition, is a political alliance in Indonesia, formed through an agreement between three political parties: NasDem Party, PKS, and Democratic Party, in preparation for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election.
Prabowo Subianto's presidential campaign in 2024 is his third bid for the presidency of Indonesia in 2024 Indonesian presidential election, following his losses to Joko Widodo in the 2014 and 2019 Indonesian presidential election, respectively.
The 2024 Indonesian presidential election is the fifth general election in Indonesia that aims to elect the President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia. The direct election is conducted to determine the holders of the office of president and vice president for the 2024‒2029 service period and will be held on Wednesday, 14 February 2024. Incumbent president Joko Widodo cannot run for a third term due to term limits set by the Indonesian constitution.
