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WISE J035000.32−565830.2 (designation abbreviated to WISE 0350−5658) is a (sub-)brown dwarf of spectral class Y1, [1] located in constellation Reticulum, the nearest known star/brown dwarf in this constellation. Being approximately 18.5 light-years from Earth, [2] it is one of the Sun's nearest neighbors.
WISE 0350−5658 was discovered in 2012 by J. Davy Kirkpatrick and colleagues from data collected by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) in the infrared at a wavelength of 40 cm (16 in), whose mission lasted from December 2009 to February 2011. In 2012, Kirkpatrick et al. published a paper in The Astrophysical Journal, where they presented the discovery of seven new brown dwarfs of spectral type Y that had been found by WISE, among which was WISE 0350−5658. [1]
WISE 0350−5658 is one of the nearest known brown dwarfs: its trigonometric parallax is 0.184 ± 0.010 arcsecond, corresponding to a direct distance of 5.4 pc (17.7 ly). [3]
WISE 0350−5658 was observed togehter with WISEP J1738+2732 with the Gemini Observatory. The researchers found that non-equilibrium chemistry models reproduce the spectra of these two brown dwarfs better than equilibrium models. The researchers also found an effective temperature of 350±25 K and surface gravity of log g=4.0±0.25 for WISE 0350−5658. A mass of 7−9 MJ was estimated in this work. [4] Later work using the Spitzer Space Telescope and J-band photometry found that WISE 0350−5658 has a low tangential velocity, could be metal-rich and also found a similar mass of 3−8 MJ. These properties could be an indicator that it is a young Y-dwarf. [5] Another work using Hubble found a slightly higher mass of 7−13 MJ. [6]
The other six discoveries of brown dwarfs, published in Kirkpatrick et al. (2012): [1]
WISE 1541−2250 is a sub-brown or brown dwarf of spectral class Y0.5, located in the constellation Libra at approximately 18.6 light-years from Earth. This object received popular attention when its discovery was announced in 2011 at a distance estimated to be only about 9 light-years, which would have made it the closest brown dwarf known.. It is not the farthest known Y-type brown dwarf to Earth.
WISE 1828+2650 is a possibly binary brown dwarf or rogue planet of spectral class >Y2, located in the constellation Lyra at approximately 32.5 light-years from Earth. It is the "archetypal member" of the Y spectral class.
WISE 2056+1459 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Delphinus at approximately 23.2 light-years from Earth.
WISEPA J041022.71+150248.5 is a sub-brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Taurus. Being approximately 21.6 light-years from Earth, it is one of the Sun's nearest neighbors, especially assuming outdated parallax by Marsh et al., corresponding to even closer distance of approximately 14 light-years.
WISEPA J173835.53+273258.9 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in the constellation Hercules at 24.9 light-years from Earth.
WISEPC J140518.40+553421.4 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0 (pec?), located in constellation Ursa Major at approximately 20.6 light-years from Earth. It is one of the Sun's nearest neighbors.
WISEPC J121756.91+162640.2 is a binary brown dwarf system of spectral classes T9 + Y0, located in constellation Coma Berenices at approximately 30.4 light-years from Earth.
WISE J014656.66+423410.0 is a binary brown dwarf of spectral classes T9 and Y0 located in the constellation Andromeda. It is approximately 60 light-years from Earth.
WISE J035934.06−540154.6 is a brown dwarf or sub-brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Reticulum. It is estimated to be approximately 44 light-years from Earth.
WISE J053516.80−750024.9 is either a sub-brown dwarf or a free planet. It has spectral class ≥Y1 and is located in constellation Mensa. It is estimated to be 47 light-years from Earth.
WISE J071322.55−291751.9 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Canis Major at approximately 23 light-years from Earth.
WISE J073444.02−715744.0 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Volans at approximately 35 light-years from Earth. It is one of the furthest Y0 brown dwarfs known.
WISE J222055.31−362817.4 is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0, located in constellation Grus at approximately 26 light-years from Earth.
WD 0806−661, formally named Maru, is a DQ white dwarf with an extremely cold Y-type substellar companion, located in the constellation Volans at 62.7 light-years from Earth. The companion was discovered in 2011, and is the only known Y-type companion to a star or stellar remnant. At the time of its discovery WD 0806-661 B had the largest actual and apparent separation of any known planetary-mass object, as well as being the coldest directly imaged substellar object then known.
WISE J064723.23−623235.5 is a nearby brown dwarf of spectral type Y1 ± 0.5, located in constellation Pictor at approximately 28 light-years from Earth. It is one of the two or three reddest and one of the four latest-type brown dwarfs known.
WISE J2209+2711 is a brown dwarf of spectral type Y0:, located in constellation Pegasus at 22 light-years from Earth. Its discovery was published in 2014 by Cushing et al.
WISE J033605.05−014350.4, abbreviated to WISE J0336−0143 or W0336, is a binary system comprising two planetary-mass Y-type brown dwarfs tightly orbiting around their common center of mass. The system is located in the constellation Eridanus, about 33 light-years away from the Sun. It was discovered in images taken by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and formally published by Gregory N. Mace and collaborators in March 2013. Astronomers suspected the brown dwarf was a binary system upon follow-up observations showing it had an unusual infrared spectrum, but its binarity was not confirmed until the James Webb Space Telescope resolved the system's components in high-resolution NIRCam imaging in September 2022, with its results published in March 2023.
WISE 0825+2805 is a (sub-)brown dwarf with a spectral type of Y0.5. It is about 21.4 light-years away from Earth in the Cancer constellation.