Wahlenbergia gracilis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Campanulaceae |
Genus: | Wahlenbergia |
Species: | W. gracilis |
Binomial name | |
Wahlenbergia gracilis | |
Distribution of Wahlenbergia gracilis |
Wahlenbergia gracilis, commonly known as Australian bluebell [2] or sprawling bluebell is a perennial tufted herb from the family Campanulaceae. [3] The species is widespread throughout Australia. [4] The species is not considered at risk. [5]
Wahlenbergia gracilis is a perennial, tufted herb ranging from 5 to 80cm in height [6] which is usually erect or sprawling, and is multi-branched from basal stems. [3] The stems branch from a thickened taproot. [7] Leaves are alternate, or sometimes opposite near to the base of the stem. [7] Leaves are usually obovate to narrowly elliptic on lower stem, and lanceolate to linear on the upper stem, commonly small between 2-60mm long and 0.2-10 mm wide. [4] Margins are flat or can be undulate, usually entire or sometimes with small, callus-teeth or occasionally serrate. [4] Leaves are glabrous, with lower leaves sometimes sparsely hirsute. [4] Conspicuous flowers are in thyrsoids which make up the upper half of the plant, pedicels are between 2-11cm long and glabrous or sometimes sparsely hirsute. [4] Bracteoles are linear and glabrous. [4] Hypanthium is obconic to obovoid in shape and glabrous. [4] W. gracilis usually has 5 sepals, but sometimes 3 or 4, usually 1-3mm long and narrowly triangular. The corolla is deeply campanulate in shape, 1-4.5mm long, blue/mauve in colour but sometimes pink or white, usually 5 lobes, but sometimes 3 or 4, elliptic to ovate, and 1.5 - 6mm long. [4] Ovary is usually 3-locular or sometimes 2-locular. [4] Flowers have been observed to open and close in response to light availability. [8] Capsule is obconic to obovoid in shape, 2.5-7mm long, 1.5-3.5 mm wide, glabrous. [4]
Wahlenbergia gracilis is sometimes difficult to distinguish from other Wahlenbergia species but is characterised by obconic to obovoid capsules, its perennial habit, and its deeply campanulate corolla. [4]
Wahlenbergia gracilis is native to Australia, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Zealand and Tonga. [5] The Wahlenbergia genus is widespread throughout Australia. Wahlenbergia gracilis occurs mainly throughout eastern mainland Australia, although occurring throughout the continent.
Tolerant of many vegetation types, found in wet and dry forests, shrublands, woodlands and grasslands from moist but well-drained soil to poor, stony soils, and is well-adapted to disturbed sites. [3] In Tasmania, it is commonly found in grasslands and grassy woodlands. [9] Smith notes that a distinguishing feature of W. gracilis is that it is commonly found in mesic areas, meaning environments containing a moderate amount of water. [4]
Wahlenbergia gracilis is an accepted species, first published in Monographie des Campanul?es 142 (1830). [10] There are seventeen synonyms of the species, [11] denoting some previous misidentification and difficulty in distinguishing Wahlenbergia species. [3]
Wahlenbergia gracilis has a fibrous root system which can be important in stabilizing soil and preventing erosion. [12] It also plays an important role for a number of native pollinators, including native bee species and a number of butterflies notably Vanessa kershawi (Australian painted lady), Zizina labradus (common grass-blue) and Ogyris olane (Eastern bronze-azure). [12] It may provide habitat and resources for a range of native insect. [12]
Campanula is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants. Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers—campanula is Latin for "little bell".
Wahlenbergia gloriosa, commonly known as royal bluebell is a perennial herb in the bluebell family Campanulaceae. It has egg-shaped leaves near the base of its stem, linear leaves higher up and usually a single purple flower with a tube-shaped base. The flower is the floral emblem of the Australian Capital Territory.
Wahlenbergia is a genus of around 260 species of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae. Plants in this genus are perennial or annual herbs with simple leaves and blue to purple bell-shaped flowers, usually with five petals lobes. Species of Wahlenbergia are native to environments on all continents except North America, and on some isolated islands, but the greatest diversity occurs in the Southern Hemisphere.
Wahlenbergia stricta, the Australian bluebell, tall bluebell or austral bluebell, is an Australian wildflower from the Campanulaceae family. It is considered the most commonly encountered of the Wahlenbergias. It is found in all Australian states but not the Northern Territory. It is often seen growing by the side of the road, enjoying the extra runoff.
Edraianthus dalmaticus, or Dalmatian rockbell, is an ornamental plant in the Campanulaceae (bellflower) family.
Eurybia is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae that were previously included in the genus Aster. Most species are native to North America, although one is also present in northern Eurasia. There are 23 species in the genus, including 1 natural hybrid. The name was first applied by Alexandre de Cassini in 1820. The name is derived from Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús), meaning "wide", and βαιός (baiós), meaning "few", perhaps in reference to the small number of relatively wide ray florets.
Wahlenbergia hederacea, also known as the ivy-leaved bellflower, is a species of flowering plant that is found throughout Europe. The delicate, patch-forming, hairless perennial herb has thin, creeping stems about 20 cm in length. Its pale green leaves are long-stalked and have an ivy-shaped, rounded structure. These leaves can be described as having a cordate shape and are approximately 5–12 mm long and wide. The plant has erect, solitary, pale blue flowers in summer and autumn, with bell-shaped corolla with 5 short lobes. The flowers are 6–10 mm long x 5–8 mm wide and sit on fine stalks 1–4 cm long. It is suggested that the long pedicels are an adaptation to assist in seed dispersal.
Isotoma fluviatilis, the swamp isotome or blue star creeper, is a small herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae, native to Australia.
Wahlenbergia capillaris, commonly known as tufted bluebell, is a plant in the family Campanulaceae and is native to Australia and New Guinea. It is an erect perennial herb with a few to many stems and grows to a height of 50 cm (20 in). The leaves are mostly linear with a few scattered teeth on the sides and the flowers are blue, bell-shaped with five lobes and arranged in cymes. This bluebell is widespread and common, occurring in all Australian mainland states and territories.
Wahlenbergia queenslandica is a small herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to Western Australia, to New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory, and South Australia.
Wahlenbergia fluminalis, commonly known as the river bluebell, is a small herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to eastern Australia.
Wahlenbergia graniticola, commonly known as the granite bluebell, is a herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to eastern Australia.
Wahlenbergia glabra is a small herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to eastern Australia.
Wahlenbergia planiflora, commonly known as flat bluebell, is a small herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to eastern Australia.
Wahlenbergia saxicola, commonly known as the rock bluebell, is a herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to Tasmania in Australia.
Wahlenbergia capensis, commonly known as the Cape bluebell, is a plant in the family Campanulaceae and is native to the Cape Province but has been introduced to Australia. It is an annual herb with up to four greenish blue, bell-shaped flowers with spreading petal lobes.
Symphyotrichum racemosum is a species of flowering plant native to parts of the United States and introduced in Canada. It is known as smooth white oldfield aster and small white aster. It is a perennial, herbaceous plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a late-summer and fall blooming flower.
Gutenbergia rueppellii is an African species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
Wahlenbergia gymnoclada, commonly known as the naked bluebell, is a species of plant of the family Campanulaceae and is native to Australia. It is one of 200 species, in the Wahlenbergia genus. Of these species, 26 occur in Australia, including one introduced, and Tasmania has seven species of native Wahlenbergia. Species in this genus are “all slender perennial herbs and most species occur in grassy vegetation, although one occurs in rocky alpine areas. “The slender pedicels with delicate blue, symmetrical, flowers make this a relatively distinctive genus. The corolla tube is bell shaped, often with more or less spreading lobes”.
Wahlenbergia albomarginata, commonly known as the New Zealand harebell, is a species of plant native to New Zealand.