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Samuel Brown was an English engineer and inventor credited with developing one of the earliest examples of an internal combustion engine, during the early 19th century.
Eugenio Barsanti, also named Nicolò, was an Italian engineer and Catholic priest who, together with Felice Matteucci, invented the first internal combustion engine in 1853. Their patent request was granted in London on June 12, 1854, and published in London's Morning Journal under the title "Specification of Eugene Barsanti and Felix Matteucci, Obtaining Motive Power by the Explosion of Gasses", as documented by the Fondazione Barsanti e Matteucci.
Felice Matteucci was an Italian hydraulic engineer who co-invented an internal combustion engine with Eugenio Barsanti. Their patent request was granted in London on June 12, 1854, and published in London's Morning Journal under the title "Specification of Eugene Barsanti and Felix Matteucci, Obtaining Motive Power by the Explosion of Gases", as documented by the Fondazione Barsanti e Matteucci.
Internal combustion engines date back to between the 10th and 13th centuries, when the first rocket engines were invented in China. Following the first commercial steam engine by Thomas Savery in 1698, various efforts were made during the 18th century to develop equivalent internal combustion engines. In 1791, the English inventor John Barber patented a gas turbine. In 1794, Thomas Mead patented a gas engine. Also in 1794, Robert Street patented an internal-combustion engine, which was also the first to use liquid fuel (petroleum) and built an engine around that time. In 1798, John Stevens designed the first American internal combustion engine. In 1807, French engineers Nicéphore and Claude Niépce ran a prototype internal combustion engine, using controlled dust explosions, the Pyréolophore. This engine powered a boat on the river in France. The same year, the Swiss engineer François Isaac de Rivaz built and patented a hydrogen and oxygen-powered internal-combustion engine. Fitted to a crude four-wheeled wagon, François Isaac de Rivaz first drove it 100 metres in 1813, thus making history as the first car-like vehicle known to have been powered by an internal-combustion engine.
The Barsanti-Matteucci engine was the first invented internal combustion engine using the free-piston principle in an atmospheric two cycle engine. In late 1851 or early 1852 Eugenio Barsanti, a professor of mathematics, and Felice Matteucci, an engineer and expert in mechanics and hydraulics, joined forces on a project to exploit the explosion and expansion of a gaseous mix of hydrogen and atmospheric air to transform part of the energy of such explosions into mechanical energy.
References
- ↑ Nouvelle fonction du foie, considéré comme organe producteur de matière sucrée chez l'homme et les animaux. Paris.
- ↑ Steiner, J. (1853). "Combinatorische Außgabe". Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik . 45: 181–182.
- ↑ "United Kingdom Vaccination Act 1853". Policy Navigator. The Health Foundation. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ Siegel, I. M. (1988). "Historical Vignette #9. Little big man: the life and genius of William John Little (1810-1894)". Orthopedic Review. 17 (11): 1156, 1161–6. PMID 3060808.
- ↑ Engel, Rainer (2007). "Development of the Modern Cystoscope: An Illustrated History". Medscape . Retrieved 2011-10-17.
- ↑ "The Historical Documents". Barsanti e Matteucci. Fondazione Barsanti & Matteucci. 2009. Archived from the original on 2017-02-25. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ↑ Ricci, G. (2012). "The First Internal Combustion Engine". In Starr, F.; Marshall, E.L.; Lawton, B. (eds.). The Piston Engine Revolution. London: Newcomen Society. pp. 23–44. ISBN 978-0-904685-15-2.
- ↑ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.