1932 in science

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The year 1932 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Contents

Astronomy and space sciences

Biology

Earth sciences

Mathematics

Medicine

Pharmacology

Physics

Awards

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Felix Bloch</span> Swiss-American physicist (1905–1983)

Felix Bloch was a Swiss-American physicist and Nobel physics laureate who worked mainly in the U.S. He and Edward Mills Purcell were awarded the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for "their development of new ways and methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements." In 1954–1955, he served for one year as the first director-general of CERN. Felix Bloch made fundamental theoretical contributions to the understanding of ferromagnetism and electron behavior in crystal lattices. He is also considered one of the developers of nuclear magnetic resonance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John von Neumann</span> Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)

John von Neumann was a Hungarian and American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, engineer and polymath. He had perhaps the widest coverage of any mathematician of his time, integrating pure and applied sciences and making major contributions to many fields, including mathematics, physics, economics, computing, and statistics. He was a pioneer in building the mathematical framework of quantum physics, in the development of functional analysis, and in game theory, introducing or codifying concepts including cellular automata, the universal constructor and the digital computer. His analysis of the structure of self-replication preceded the discovery of the structure of DNA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Werner Heisenberg</span> German theoretical physicist (1901–1976)

Werner Karl Heisenberg was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics, and a principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons program during World War II. He published his Umdeutung paper in 1925, a major reinterpretation of old quantum theory. In the subsequent series of papers with Max Born and Pascual Jordan, during the same year, his matrix formulation of quantum mechanics was substantially elaborated. He is known for the uncertainty principle, which he published in 1927. Heisenberg was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the creation of quantum mechanics".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Max Born</span> German-British physicist and mathematician (1882–1970)

Max Born was a German-British physicist and mathematician who was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. He also made contributions to solid-state physics and optics and supervised the work of a number of notable physicists in the 1920s and 1930s. Born was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for his "fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially in the statistical interpretation of the wave function".

Ergodic theory is a branch of mathematics that studies statistical properties of deterministic dynamical systems; it is the study of ergodicity. In this context, "statistical properties" refers to properties which are expressed through the behavior of time averages of various functions along trajectories of dynamical systems. The notion of deterministic dynamical systems assumes that the equations determining the dynamics do not contain any random perturbations, noise, etc. Thus, the statistics with which we are concerned are properties of the dynamics.

The year 1957 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harvey Cushing</span> American neurosurgeon (1869–1939)

Harvey Williams Cushing was an American neurosurgeon, pathologist, writer, and draftsman. A pioneer of brain surgery, he was the first exclusive neurosurgeon and the first person to describe Cushing's disease. He wrote a biography of physician William Osler in three volumes.

Cushing's disease is one cause of Cushing's syndrome characterised by increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary. This is most often as a result of a pituitary adenoma or due to excess production of hypothalamus CRH that stimulates the synthesis of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Pituitary adenomas are responsible for 80% of endogenous Cushing's syndrome, when excluding Cushing's syndrome from exogenously administered corticosteroids. The equine version of this disease is Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction.

The year 1901 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1903 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1905 in science</span> Overview of the events of 1905 in science

The year 1905 in science and technology involved some significant events, particularly in physics, listed below.

The year 1912 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1942 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1927 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gerhard Domagk</span> German bacteriologist (1895–1964)

Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.

The year 1928 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1933 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pascual Jordan</span> German physicist and politician (1902–1980)

Ernst Pascual Jordan was a German theoretical and mathematical physicist who made significant contributions to quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. He contributed much to the mathematical form of matrix mechanics, and developed canonical anticommutation relations for fermions. He introduced Jordan algebras in an effort to formalize quantum field theory; the algebras have since found numerous applications within mathematics.

Bernard Osgood Koopman was a French-born American mathematician, known for his work in ergodic theory, the foundations of probability, statistical theory and operations research.

The year 1931 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

References

  1. Öpik, E. (October 1932). "Note on Stellar Perturbations of Nearly Parabolic Orbits". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 67 (6): 169–183. Bibcode:1932PAAAS..67..169O. doi:10.2307/20022899. JSTOR   20022899.
  2. Benirschke, K. (2004). "The Man Who Invented the Chromosome: A Life of Cyril Darlington". Journal of Heredity . 95 (6): 541–542. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esh080 .
  3. "Braggite". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2011-08-18.
  4. "Braggite" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing. 2001–2005. Retrieved 2011-08-18.
  5. von Neumann, John (1932). "Proof of the Quasi-ergodic Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 18 (1): 70–82. Bibcode:1932PNAS...18...70N. doi: 10.1073/pnas.18.1.70 . PMC   1076162 . PMID   16577432.
  6. von Neumann, John (1932). "Physical Applications of the Ergodic Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 18 (3): 263–266. Bibcode:1932PNAS...18..263N. doi: 10.1073/pnas.18.3.263 . JSTOR   86260. PMC   1076204 . PMID   16587674.
  7. Halmos, Paul R. (1958). "Von Neumann on Measure and Ergodic Theory" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society . 64 (3): 86–94. doi: 10.1090/s0002-9904-1958-10203-7 . if von Neumann had never done anything else, they would have been sufficient to guarantee him mathematical immortality.
  8. Kahn, David (1996). The Codebreakers (2nd ed.). p. 974.
  9. Kozaczuk, Władysław (1984). Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher was Broken, and how it was Read by the Allies in World War Two. Frederick, Md: University Publications of America. pp. 234–236. ISBN   978-0-89093-547-7.
  10. Cushing, Harvey (1932). "The basophil adenomas of the pituitary body and their clinical manifestations (pituitary basophilism)". Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital . 50: 137–95. Reprinted in Cushing, Harvey (April 1969). "The basophil adenomas of the pituitary body". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 44 (4): 180–1. PMC   2387613 . PMID   19310569.
  11. "Dr. Cushing Dead; Brain Surgeon, 70. A Pioneer Who Won Fame as Founder of New School of Neuro-Surgery. Discovered Malady Affecting Pituitary Gland. Was Noted Teacher and Author". The New York Times . 8 October 1939. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
  12. Crohn, B. B.; Ginzburg, L.; Oppenheimer, G. D. (2000). "Regional ileitis: a pathologic and clinical entity, 1932". Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine. 67 (3): 263–8. PMID   10828911.
  13. Schäfer, P. K.; Sauerbruch, T. (2004). "Rudolf Schindler (1888–1968) – 'Vater' der Gastroskopie". Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie. 42 (6): 550–6. doi:10.1055/s-2004-813178. PMID   15190453.[ permanent dead link ]
  14. "The Tuskegee Timeline". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  15. Harper, Peter S. (2008). A Short History of Medical Genetics. Oxford University Press. p. 281. ISBN   978-0-19-518750-2.
  16. Lesch, J. E. (2007). "Prontosil". The First Miracle Drugs: How the Sulfa Drugs Transformed Medicine. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 51–61. ISBN   978-0-19-518775-5.
  17. "Operations News". Gakona HAARPoon. Alaska. 2017-02-19. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  18. Chadwick, J. (September 1932). "Possible Existence of a Neutron". Nature . 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi: 10.1038/129312a0 .
  19. Chadwick, J. (1932). "The Existence of the Neutron". Proceedings of the Royal Society . A136 (830): 692–708. Bibcode:1932RSPSA.136..692C. doi: 10.1098/rspa.1932.0112 .
  20. Heisenberg, W. (1932). "Über den Bau der Atomkerne". Zeitschrift für Physik . 77 (1–2): 1–11. Bibcode:1932ZPhy...77....1H. doi:10.1007/BF01342433. S2CID   186218053.
  21. Anderson, Carl D. (1932). "The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives". Science . 76 (1967): 238–9. Bibcode:1932Sci....76..238A. doi:10.1126/science.76.1967.238. JSTOR   1658257. PMID   17731542.
  22. Kennedy, Roy J.; Thorndike, Edward M. (1932). "Experimental Establishment of the Relativity of Time". Physical Review . 42 (3): 400–418. Bibcode:1932PhRv...42..400K. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.42.400.