1933 Brazilian Constitutional Assembly election

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Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Brazil on 3 May 1933 to elect the 214 directly elected deputies of an Assembly that would draw up a new constitution. A further 40 members were indirectly elected: 18 by trade unions, 17 by employer organisations, three by members of liberal professions and two by civil servants. [1] The elections have been described as the first democratic and honest elections in the country's history. [2] [3]

Contents

They were also the first national elections with women's suffrage, although it was still limited to married women, unmarried women with their own income and widows. [4] Carlota Pereira de Queirós became the first woman elected to national office. [4]

Electoral system

The elections were held using open list proportional representation. [5] Voters could cast preferential votes for candidates from multiple parties. [5]

Despite the voting age being reduced from 21 to 18 and women's suffrage being introduced, the number of registered voters fell from 1,893,000 in 1930 to 1,466,700. [6] [7]

Results

A total of 1,037 candidates contested the elections. [8]

PartyVotes%Seats
Progressive Party 31
Baía Social Democratic Party 20
Single List for a United São Paulo17
Social Democratic Party of Pernambuco 15
Liberal Republican Party 13
Radical People's Party 10
Pará Liberal Party 7
Catholic Electoral League 6
Autonomist Party  [ pt ]6
National Party 6
Mineiro Republican Party 6
Paraíba Progressive Party 5
Maranhão Republican Party 4
Social Democratic Party 4
Republican Social Party  [ pt ]4
Fluminense Progressive Union 4
United Front 3
Freedom and Civics 3
Agriculture Party 3
Catarinense Liberal Party  [ pt ]3
Mato Grossense Liberal Party 3
Socialist National Party 3
Rio Grande do Norte People's Party 3
Social Democratic Party 3
Espírito Santo Social Democratic Party 3
Brazilian Socialist Party 3
Amazonense Civic Union 3
Maranhense Republican Union 3
Baía is still Baía 2
Chapa Popular 2
Economist Party of Brazil 2
Fluminense Socialist Party 2
Liberal Workers' Party 1
Legenda Constitucionalista1
Legenda Hugo Napoleão1
Legenda por Santa Catarina1
Constitutionalist Party 1
Democratic Party 1
Paranaense Liberal Party 1
Republican Social Party  [ pt ]1
Nationalist Social Party  [ pt ]1
Sergipe Republican Union 1
Independents2
Indirectly elected members40
Total254
Valid votes1,157,76194.69
Invalid/blank votes64,8635.31
Total votes1,222,624100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,466,70083.36
Source: TSE, TSE

Aftermath

The Assembly began work in November 1933 and the new constitution drafted by the Assembly was promulgated in July 1934. It provided for a federal state with a bicameral parliament, but abolished the position of vice president. [9] The Assembly was then converted into a Chamber of Deputies and elected Getúlio Vargas as president. [9]

References

  1. ↑ Teresa Cristina de Novaes Marques (2021). Women's Vote in Brazil. p. 94.
  2. ↑ Michael L. Conniff & Frank D. McCann (1991). Modern Brazil: Elites and Masses in Historical Perspective. p. 33.
  3. ↑ Riordan Roett (2016). Brazil: What Everyone Needs to Know. pp. 31–32.
  4. 1 2 "Direito de voto feminino completa 76 anos no Brasil; saiba mais sobre essa conquista". Poder. 24 February 2008.
  5. 1 2 Jairo Nicolau (2007). "The open-list electoral system in Brazil" (PDF). Dados. 3.
  6. ↑ Dieter Nohlen (2005). Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II. p. 173. ISBN   978-0-19-928358-3.
  7. ↑ "Boletim Eleitoral" (PDF). 13 June 1934.
  8. ↑ "Eleições 1933". TSE.
  9. 1 2 Brazil, a Country Study. 1983. p. 41.
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