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Are you in favor of the establishment of the Ingush Republic within the Russian Federation with the return of the seized land and with the capital in the city of Vladikavkaz? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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A referendum on creating the Republic of Ingushetia within Russian Federation was held in Ingushetia on 30 November 1991.
Are you in favor of the establishment of the Ingush Republic within the Russian Federation with the return of the seized land and with the capital in the city of Vladikavkaz? [1]
Chechnya and Ingushetia were part of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. On 7 September 1991, the pro-independence Chechen National Congress came to power in the republic. On 15 September 1991, the Assembly of Ingush Deputies passed a resolution, announcing secession from Checheno-Ingushetia to remain within the RSFSR. On 15 October, a referendum was announced to confirm this decision. The Ingush secession was accepted by the Chechen leadership and finalized on 4 June 1992 with the Russian law "On the Creation of the Ingush Republic in the Russian Federation". [2]
The Ingush feared that joining the independent Chechnya would have meant compromising the territorial claims on Prigorodny District, which is a subject of a dispute between the Ingush and Ossetians. The Ingush lost the land following their deportation to Central Asia in 1944, and then recent Russian law On the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples, passed in April 1991, gave them hopes of returning the territory. [3] However, the Russian law "On the Creation of the Ingush Republic in the Russian Federation" did not include the disputed lands within the newly created Republic of Ingushetia. The dispute remained unresolved and this soon led to the armed conflict in the region.
| Choice | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| For | 89,661 | 94.31 | |
| Against | 5,406 | 5.69 | |
| Total | 95,067 | 100.00 | |
| Valid votes | 95,067 | 98.14 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,806 | 1.86 | |
| Total votes | 96,873 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 131,834 | 73.48 | |
| Source: [1] [4] | |||
Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with the country of Georgia to its south; with the Russian republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia, and North Ossetia-Alania to its east, north, and west; and with Stavropol Krai to its northwest.
Nazran is the largest city in Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital from 1991 to 2000, until it was replaced by Magas, which was built for this purpose. It is the most populous city in the republic: 122,350 (2021 Census); 93,335 (2010 Russian census); 125,066 (2002 Census); 18,246 (1989 Soviet census).
Ingushetia or Ingushetiya, officially the Republic of Ingushetia, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with the country of Georgia to its south; and borders the Russian republics of North Ossetia–Alania to its west and north and Chechnya to its east and northeast.
Ingush, historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern day North-Ossetia. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language.
Prigorodny District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 1,460 square kilometers (560 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Oktyabrskoye.
When the Soviet Union existed, different governments had ruled the southern Caucasus regions of Chechnya and Ingushetia. Within the Mountain Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, later annexed into the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, they were known as the Chechen Autonomous Oblast and the Ingush Autonomous Oblast, which were unified on January 15, 1934, to form the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Oblast. It was elevated to an autonomous republic as the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1936 to 1944 and again from 1957 to 1993. Its capital was Grozny.
The state flag of Ingushetia, a republic in the Russian Federation, is a horizontal tricolour that shows a red triskelion solar sign on a white background, with narrow green horizontal stripes above and below. The white symbolizes purity of thoughts and actions, the green—the awakening of nature, abundance, fertility of the land of Ingushetia, as well as Islam, which the Ingush profess, red—the difficult struggle of the Ingush people against injustice, for the right to live on the land of their ancestors in peace and harmony with neighboring peoples throughout centuries; the solar symbol symbolizes the endless development leading to the prosperity of the Ingush people.
The Republic of Chechnya is a constituent republic and federal subject of the Russian Federation. It is located in the Caucasus region in southwest Russia. It is the political successor of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. From a centralized form of government during the existence of the Soviet Union, the republic's political system went upheavals during the 1990s with the establishment of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, leading to the First Chechen War and the Second Chechen War which left the republic in total devastation. In 2000, following Russia's renewed rule, a local, republican form of government was established in the republic under the control of the Russian federal government.
The 1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya was an autonomous revolt against the Soviet authorities in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Beginning in early 1940 under Hasan Israilov, it peaked in 1942 during the German invasion of North Caucasus and ended in the beginning of 1944 with the wholesale concentration and deportation of the Vainakh peoples from their native lands as well as from the locations across the USSR, resulting in the death of at least 144,000 civilians. However, scattered resistance in the mountains continued for years.
Grozny Oblast was an administrative entity of the Russian SFSR that was established as Grozny Okrug on 7 March 1944 and abolished on 9 January 1957.
Musa Bamatovich Keligov is a Russian politician and former vice-president of "Lukoil-International".
Gubernatorial elections in 1991 and 1992 took place in 11 federal subjects of Russia. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Tatarstan, Kalmykia, Mari El, Mordovia, Sakha and Chuvashia held their first elections in 1991. In Adygea and Kabardino-Balkaria second tours were held after the New Year celebrations. Tuva was the only one region of the Russian Federation to held its first presidential election in 1992, ignoring the year-long moratorium introduced by Russian parliament in late 1991.
The Chechen Revolution was a series of anti-government protests in the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic against the local Communist Party officials.
Arshty is a rural locality in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on left bank of the river Arshtynka near the border with the Republic of Chechnya. It forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Arshty as the only settlement in its composition.
Meredzhi is a non-residential rural locality in Galanchozhsky District of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia.
Alkun is a rural locality in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on both banks of the Assa River. It forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Alkun as the only settlement in its composition.
Maksharip Bagaudinovich Muzhukhoev was a Soviet and Russian historian, archaeologist.
The national liberation struggle of the Ingush people was a series of military clashes and uprisings of the Ingush people against the Russian Empire that colonized Ingushetia, as well as protest rallies and actions against the policies of the Russian Federation.
Djabrail Yurievich Chahkiev was a Soviet and Russian historian, archaeologist, weapons expert, ethnographer, archivist, candidate of historical sciences, Deputy Head of the State Archive Service of the Republic of Ingushetia.
Presidential elections were held in the Chechen Republic on 27 October 1991. At the same time, elections to the Parliament of the republic were also held. The result was a victory for Dzokhar Dudayev.
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