2023 in Europe

Last updated December 15, 2025

This is a list of events that have taken place in Europe in 2023 .

Incumbents

Albania

Andorra

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Belgium

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Croatia

Czech Republic

Cyprus

Denmark

Estonia

European Union

President of the European Commission: Ursula von der Leyen
President of the Parliament: Roberta Metsola
President of the European Council: Charles Michel
Presidency of the Council of the EU:
- Sweden (January–June)
- Spain (July–December)

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Moldova

Monaco

Montenegro

Netherlands

North Macedonia

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

San Marino

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

Ukraine

United Kingdom

Vatican City

Events

January

1 January: Croatia adopted the euro and became the 20th member state of the eurozone.^[1] This was the first enlargement of the monetary union since Lithuania's entry in 2015. Croatia also joined the Schengen Area and became its 27th member. This was the first enlargement of the Schengen Area since Liechtenstein's entry in 2011.^[2]

April

4 April: Finland joins NATO.

May

6 May: Coronation of Charles III and Camilla in Westminster Abbey, London.^[3]
13 May: Eurovision Song Contest 2023 in Liverpool, United Kingdom.
14 May: 2023 Turkish general election
28 May: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan wins the 2023 presidential elections in Turkey.

June

15 June – In Poland, Jarosław Kaczyński, leader of the Law and Justice party, says that the government might hold a referendum on EU migration policy.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] The referendum would be similar to the 2016 Hungarian migrant quota referendum.

July

23 July: 2023 Spanish general election for the Cortes Generales.

October

15 October –
- 2023 Polish referendum Results: 96.79% voted against the admission of thousands of illegal immigrants from the Middle East and Africa, 96.04% voted against the removal of the barrier on the border between Poland and Belarus.
28 October: A partial lunar eclipse will be visible in the evening and the next morning over Europe and most of Africa and Asia and will be the 11th lunar eclipse of Lunar Saros 146.^[8]

November

11 November: 2023 Polish parliamentary election for the Parliament of Poland.

References

↑ "Croatia set to join the euro area on 1 January 2023: Council adopts final required legal acts". European Council/Council of the European Union. July 12, 2022. Retrieved July 16, 2022.
↑ "Schengen area: Council decides to lift border controls with Croatia". EU. Retrieved December 9, 2023.
↑ "Coronation on 6 May for King Charles and Camilla, Queen Consort". BBC News . Retrieved 2022-10-10.
↑ "Poland's Kaczynski says EU migrant deal must be put to referendum". Reuters. 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-06-16. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
↑ "Head of Poland's ruling party calls for referendum on EU migration policies". Archived from the original on 2023-06-16. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
↑ "Polish ruling party passes resolution condemning EU migrant relocation plan and announces referendum". 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
↑ "Poland Seeks Referendum on EU Migrant Relocation Plans". Bloomberg. 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-06-15. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
↑ "28–29 October 2023 Partial Lunar Eclipse".

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[1] "Croatia set to join the euro area on 1 January 2023: Council adopts final required legal acts". European Council/Council of the European Union. July 12, 2022. Retrieved July 16, 2022.

[2] "Schengen area: Council decides to lift border controls with Croatia". EU. Retrieved December 9, 2023.

[3] "Coronation on 6 May for King Charles and Camilla, Queen Consort". BBC News . Retrieved 2022-10-10.

[4] "Poland's Kaczynski says EU migrant deal must be put to referendum". Reuters. 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-06-16. Retrieved 2023-06-16.

[5] "Head of Poland's ruling party calls for referendum on EU migration policies". Archived from the original on 2023-06-16. Retrieved 2023-06-16.

[6] "Polish ruling party passes resolution condemning EU migrant relocation plan and announces referendum". 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.

[7] "Poland Seeks Referendum on EU Migrant Relocation Plans". Bloomberg. 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-06-15. Retrieved 2023-06-16.

[8] "28–29 October 2023 Partial Lunar Eclipse".

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v t e 2023 in Europe
Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Artsakh Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey