2074 Shoemaker

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2074 Shoemaker
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by E. F. Helin
Discovery site Palomar Obs.
Discovery date17 October 1974
Designations
(2074) Shoemaker
Named after
 Eugene Shoemaker
(American astronomer) [2]
1974 UA
Mars-crosser   [3] [4]  · Hungaria   [3]
Orbital characteristics   [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 63.23 yr (23,096 days)
Aphelion 1.9472 AU
Perihelion 1.6521 AU
1.7996 AU
Eccentricity 0.0820
2.41 yr (882 days)
243.44°
0° 24m 29.88s / day
Inclination 30.080°
207.29°
205.58°
Earth  MOID 0.6680 AU ·260.2 LD
Physical characteristics
Dimensions3.18±0.51 km [5]
3.217±0.558 km [1] [6]
4.93 km (calculated) [3]
2.5328±0.0004 h [7]
2.5331±0.0002 h [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2]
2.5338±0.0002 h [8]
2.534±0.001 h [9]
2.809±0.001 h [10] [lower-alpha 3]
2.82±0.01 h [11]
57.02±0.10 h [12]
0.20 (assumed) [3]
0.41±0.13 [5]
0.518±0.211 [6]
SMASS = Sa  [1]  · S   [3]
13.80 [6]  ·13.9 [1] [3]  ·14.24 [5]  ·14.28±0.36 [13]

    2074 Shoemaker, provisional designation 1974 UA, is a stony Hungaria asteroid, Mars-crosser and suspected synchronous binary system from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1974, by astronomer Eleanor Helin at the Palomar Observatory. [4] She named it after American astronomer Eugene Shoemaker. [2]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Shoemaker is a bright member of the dynamical Hungaria group that forms the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. [3] It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.7–1.9  AU once every 2 years and 5 months (882 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 30° with respect to the ecliptic. [1] With a perihelion of 1.6521 AU, Shoemaker is a Mars-crossing asteroid as it crosses the orbit of Mars at 1.666 AU. [1]

    The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Palomar in April 1954, more than 20 years prior to its official discovery observation. [4]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Shoemaker is a Sa-subtype, that transitions form the common stony S-type asteroids to the A-type asteroids. [1]

    Rotation period

    Several rotational lightcurve of Shoemaker were obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory ( 716 ) and CS3-Station ( U82 ). Analysis of the best-rated lightcurves gave a well-defined rotation period of 2.5328 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.13 magnitude ( U=3 ). [7] [8] [lower-alpha 1]

    Suspected binary

    In October 2003, photometric observations of Shoemaker by Robert D. Stephens gave a long rotation period of 57.02 hours. [12] After re-measuring the images with newer software and calibration techniques, two mutual occultation and eclipsing events were found, indicating that Shoemaker might be a synchronous binary asteroid with a minor-planet moon orbiting it every 55 hours. [7] Observations in 2010, were difficult due to incomplete coverage and gave an orbital period of 27.39 hours for the secondary. [8] Observations by astronomers at Etscorn Campus Observatory ( 719 ) in 2015, did not mention any mutual events. [9]

    In June 2017, Warner measured a rotation period of 2.5331±0.0002 hours and an orbital period for the secondary of 44.28 hours at his CS3-Palmer Divide Station in California. [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2] The binary nature of Shoemaker remains unconfirmed.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Shoemaker measures 3.18 and 3.22 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.41 and 0.52, respectively. [5] [6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 4.93 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.9. [3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by the discoverer after her colleague, the American astronomer Eugene Shoemaker (1928–1997), who was a discoverer of minor planets and of the Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 that collided with Jupiter. He is well known for his work on impact craters and his role in the lunar Ranger, Surveyor and Apollo programs. [2]

    The naming was also proposed by Brian G. Marsden, the director of the Minor Planet Center (MPC). [2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 November 1978 ( M.P.C. 4548). [14]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 3 Warner (2018b) web. Not yet in ADS. Observation 30 June 2017. Rotation period of 2.5331±0.0002 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.09±0.01 mag. Quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2074) Shoemaker at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)
    2. 1 2 Lightcurve plot of (2074) Shoemaker, Warner (2017), rotation period: 2.5331 hours; and second period (P2) of 44.28 hours. Quality code of 3.
    3. ↑ Lightcurve plot of (2074) Shoemaker, Warner (2015), period: of 2.809 and 2.515 hours. Quality code of 2.

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    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2074 Shoemaker (1974 UA)" (2017-07-02 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 4 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2074) Shoemaker". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2074) Shoemaker. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 168. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2075. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "LCDB Data for (2074) Shoemaker". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 "2074 Shoemaker (1974 UA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv: 1606.08923 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 .
    6. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv: 1509.02522 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. S2CID   9341381 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 Warner, Brian D.; Stephens, Robert, D.; Harris, Alan W.; Pravec, Petr (October 2009). "A Re-examination of the Lightcurves for Seven Hungaria Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (4): 176–179. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36..176W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    8. 1 2 3 Warner, Brian D. (January 2011). "A Quartet of Known and Suspected Hungaria Binary Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (1): 33–36. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...33W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    9. 1 2 Klinglesmith, Daniel A. III; Hendrickx, Sebastian; Madden, Karl; Montgomery, Samuel (April 2016). "Lightcurves for Shape/Spin Models". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (2): 123–128. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43..123K. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    10. ↑ Warner, Brian D. (January 2016). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2015 June-September". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (1): 57–65. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43...57W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    11. ↑ Warner, Brian D.; Stephens, Robert D. (October 2012). "Lightcurve for 2074 Shoemaker". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 39 (4): 225. Bibcode:2012MPBu...39..225W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    12. 1 2 Stephens, Robert D. (June 2004). "Photometry of 804 Hispania, 899 Jokaste, 1306 Scythia, and 2074 Shoemaker". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 31 (2): 40–41. Bibcode:2004MPBu...31...40S. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    13. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv: 1506.00762 . Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID   53493339 . Retrieved 6 September 2017.
    14. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008) . Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p.  221. Bibcode:2009dmpn.book.....S. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN   978-3-642-01964-7.
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