461 Saskia

Last updated

461 Saskia
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by M. F. Wolf
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date22 October 1900
Designations
(461) Saskia
PronunciationGerman: [ˈzaski.aː] [2]
Named after
 Saskia van Uylenburgh   [3]
(wife of Rembrandt)
1900 FP ·1935 CT
A917 XE ·A924 DB
main-belt   [1] [4]  ·(outer)
Themis   [5] [6]
Orbital characteristics   [4]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 117.58 yr (42,946 d)
Aphelion 3.5621 AU
Perihelion 2.6834 AU
3.1227 AU
Eccentricity 0.1407
5.52 yr (2,016 d)
71.934°
0° 10m 42.96s / day
Inclination 1.4634°
157.03°
305.17°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
39.81±13.20  km [7]
43.10±1.05 km [8]
43.603±0.256 km [9] [10]
44.1±4.4 km [11]
7.348  h [12] [13]
0.06 [7] [11]
0.069 [8]
0.112 [9]
Tholen = FCX  [4] [14]
X (S3OS2) [5] [15]
B–V = 0.610±028 [4]
U–B = 0.310±014 [4]
10.48 [1] [4] [8] [9] [11] [16]
10.63 [7]

    Saskia (minor planet designation: 461 Saskia), provisional designation 1900 FP, is a Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 44 kilometers (27 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 22 October 1900, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. [1] The X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 7.3 hours. [14] It was named after Rembrandt's wife, Saskia van Uylenburgh. [3]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Saskia is a core member of the carbonaceous Themis family ( 602 ), [5] [6] one of the largest asteroid families named after 24 Themis. [17] It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.6  AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,016 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. [4] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg the night after its official discovery observation. [1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Saskia van Uylenburgh (1612–1642), wife of renowned Dutch painter Rembrandt (4511 Rembrandt). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ( H 50 ). [3]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, this asteroid's spectral type is ambiguous, closest to a dark F-type asteroid, and somewhat similar to that of a C- and X-type (FCX), [4] while in both the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), Saskia is an X-type asteroid. [5] [15] It has also been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). [14] [16]

    Rotation period

    In April 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Saskia was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 7.348±0.001 hours with a brightness variation of 0.36 magnitude ( U=3 ). [12] [14] In December 2016, an identical period with an amplitude of 0.28 magnitude was determined by Daniel Klinglesmith at Etscorn Campus Observatory ( 719 ), New Mexico ( U=3- ). [13] This result supersedes two previous observations that gave a period of 7.34 and 7.349 hours, respectively ( U=2/3- ). [18] [19]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Saskia measures between 39.8 and 44.1 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.06 and 0.112, [7] [9] [10] [11] while the Japanese Akari satellite determined a diameter of 43.10 kilometers with an albedo of 0.069. [8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.10 and derives a smaller diameter of 33.69 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.48. [14]

    Related Research Articles

    Athalia, provisional designation 1903 ME, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 40 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 September 1903, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the ancient Judahite queen Athaliah.

    971 Alsatia, provisional designation 1921 LF, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 23 November 1921, by French astronomer Alexandre Schaumasse at Nice Observatory in southeastern France. The asteroid was named after the French province Alsace.

    2026 Cottrell, provisional designation 1955 FF, is a dark asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter.

    Pawlowia, provisional designation 1923 OX, is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 October 1923, by Soviet astronomer Vladimir Albitsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Russian physiologist and Nobelist Ivan Pavlov.

    1044 Teutonia, provisional designation 1924 RO, is a stony asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 May 1924, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the land inhabited by the Teutonic people.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1110 Jaroslawa</span>

    1110 Jaroslawa is a bright background asteroid and rather slow rotator from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 97.4 hours and measures approximately 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula on 10 August 1928, by astronomer Soviet Grigory Neujmin, who named it after his son, Jaroslav Grigorevich Neujmin.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1132 Hollandia</span> Asteroid

    1132 Hollandia, provisional designation 1929 RB1, is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1929, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at Leiden Southern Station, annex to the Johannesburg Observatory in South Africa. It was named for the region Holland in the Netherlands.

    (9928) 1981 WE9, provisional designation 1981 WE9, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 November 1981, by astronomers at Perth Observatory in Bickley, Australia.

    11277 Ballard, provisional designation 1988 TW2, is a Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6.3 kilometers (3.9 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 October 1988, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The assumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of at least 10 hours. It was named for American marine scientist Robert Ballard.

    1815 Beethoven, provisional designation 1932 CE1, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers (19 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 27 January 1932, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory. The uncommon F-type asteroid seems to have a long rotation period of 54 hours (tentative). It was named after Ludwig van Beethoven.

    1307 Cimmeria, provisional designation 1930 UF, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1930, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula, and later named after the Cimmerians, the ancient people of Crimea.

    2126 Gerasimovich, provisional designation 1970 QZ, is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 August 1970, by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Russian astronomer Boris Gerasimovich.

    1384 Kniertje, provisional designation 1934 RX, is a dark Adeonian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named after a character in the Dutch play Op Hoop van Zegen by Herman Heijermans.

    1264 Letaba, provisional designation 1933 HG, is a carbonaceous asteroid and possible tumbler from the background population of the outer asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 April 1933, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named for the Letaba River in eastern South Africa.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1299 Mertona</span>

    1299 Mertona is a bright background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 18 January 1934, by French astronomer Guy Reiss at Algiers Observatory, Algeria, in northern Africa. The likely stony asteroid with an unknown spectral type has a rotation period of 5.0 hours and measures approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was named after English astronomer Gerald Merton.

    1696 Nurmela, provisional designation 1939 FF, is a Baptistina asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 18 March 1939, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, and named after Finnish academician Tauno Nurmela. The possibly elongated asteroid has a rotation period of 3.15 hours.

    2043 Ortutay, provisional designation 1936 TH, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 45 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at the Konkoly Observatory, Budapest, on 12 November 1936. It was named after Hungarian ethnographer Gyula Ortutay.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2120 Tyumenia</span>

    2120 Tyumenia is a dark background asteroid, approximately 45 kilometers in diameter, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 9 September 1967, by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for the now Russian district of Tyumen Oblast in Western Siberia.

    3682 Welther, provisional designation A923 NB, is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 July 1923, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid has a rotation period of 3.6 hours. It was named after Barbara Welther, an American historian of science at CfA.

    15224 Penttilä, provisional designation 1985 JG, is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 May 1985, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Arizona, United States. The likely elongated asteroid has a rotation period of 4.4 hours. It was named after planetary scientist Antti Penttilä at the University of Helsinki.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 "461 Saskia (1900 FP)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    2. ↑ (German Names)
    3. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(461) Saskia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 52. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_462. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 461 Saskia (1900 FP)" (2018-05-22 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    5. 1 2 3 4 "Asteroid 461 Saskia". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    6. 1 2 "Asteroid (461) Saskia". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
    7. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv: 1606.08923 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 .
    8. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi: 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 . Retrieved 17 July 2018. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR–A–COMPIL–5–NEOWISEDIAM–V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M . Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    10. 1 2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv: 1406.6645 . Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID   119293330.
    11. 1 2 3 4 Alí-Lagoa, V.; Licandro, J.; Gil-Hutton, R.; Cañ; ada-Assandri, M.; Delbo', M.; et al. (June 2016). "Differences between the Pallas collisional family and similarly sized B-type asteroids" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 591: 11. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A..14A. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527660 .
    12. 1 2 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (461) Saskia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    13. 1 2 Klinglesmith, Daniel A., III (April 2017). "Spin-Shape Model Lightcurves". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 44 (2): 127–129. Bibcode:2017MPBu...44..127K. ISSN   1052-8091.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    14. 1 2 3 4 5 "LCDB Data for (461) Saskia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    15. 1 2 Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids" (PDF). Icarus. 172 (1): 179–220. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..179L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006 . Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    16. 1 2 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv: 1109.6407 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID   35447010. (catalog)
    17. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   978-0-8165-3213-1. S2CID   119280014.
    18. ↑ Buchheim, Robert K. (September 2006). "Lightcurves of asteroids 125 Liberatrix, 461 Saskia, and 2781 Kleczek". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 33 (3): 63. Bibcode:2006MPBu...33...63B. ISSN   1052-8091.
    19. ↑ Klinglesmith, Daniel A. III; Hanowell, Jesse; Risley, Ethan; Turk, Janek; Vargas, Angelica; Warren, Curtis Alan (October 2013). "Inversion Model Candidates". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 40 (4): 190–193. Bibcode:2013MPBu...40..190K. ISSN   1052-8091.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.