4713 Steel

Last updated

For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation).

4713 Steel
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by R. H. McNaught
Discovery site Siding Spring Obs.
Discovery date26 August 1989
Designations
(4713) Steel
Named after
 Duncan Steel
(New Zealand astronomer) [2]
1989 QL
main-belt  · Hungaria   [3]
Orbital characteristics   [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 40.28 yr (14,713 days)
Aphelion 2.0683 AU
Perihelion 1.7842 AU
1.9263 AU
Eccentricity 0.0737
2.67 yr (977 days)
236.36°
0° 22m 7.32s / day
Inclination 22.671°
101.43°
152.56°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.62±0.53 km [4]
6.248±0.011 km [5]
6.286±0.055 km [6]
7.51 km (calculated) [3]
5.186±0.004 h [7]
5.193±0.002 h [8]
5.199±0.002 h [9]
5.203±0.002 h [10]
0.18 (assumed) [3]
0.3468±0.0386 [5]
0.381±0.036 [6]
0.424±0.082 [4]
SMASS = A   [1]  · A   [3]
12.8 [4] [5]  ·13.1 [1] [3]  ·13.18±0.25 [11]

    4713 Steel, provisional designation 1989 QL, is a rare-type Hungaria asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 August 1989, by Scottish–Australian astronomer Robert McNaught at the Siding Spring Observatory in New South Wales, Australia. [12] It was named after astronomer Duncan Steel. [2]

    Contents

    Classification and orbit

    The rare and reddish A-type asteroid is a member of the Hungaria family, which form the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.1  AU once every 2 years and 8 months (977 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 23° with respect to the ecliptic. [1]

    A first precovery was taken at the discovering observatory in 1976, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 13 years prior to its official discovery observation in 1989. [12]

    Lightcurves

    In May 2005, the first rotational lightcurve was obtained for this asteroid from photometric observations made by French amateur astronomer Laurent Bernasconi. It gave a rotation period of 5.186±0.004 hours with a brightness variation of 0.44 magnitude ( U=3 ). [7]

    Between May 2010 and December 2014, American astronomer Brian D. Warner obtained another 3 well-defined lightcurves at the U.S. Palmer Divide Station, Colorado. They gave a slightly longer period of 5.193–5.203 hours with an amplitude of 0.28 to 0.42 magnitude ( U=3/3/3 ). [8] [9] [10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the asteroid measures 5.6 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.424, [4] while NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission determined a diameter of 6.2 and 6.3 kilometers with an albedo of 0.347 and 0.381, respectively. [5] [6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a much lower albedo of 0.18 and calculates a larger diameter of 7.5 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.1. [3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for English-born New Zealander Duncan Steel (born 1955), astronomer and discoverer of minor planets, whose research focuses on small Solar System bodies, such as the dynamics of asteroids, comets and meteoroids, and on meteoric impact rates. He has also demonstrated that various asteroids of the Apollo group are the parents of meteor showers. [2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 30 March 1991 ( M.P.C. 17982). [13]

    Related Research Articles

    1373 Cincinnati, provisional designation 1935 QN, is an asteroid in a comet-like orbit from the Cybele region, located at the outermost rim of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was the only asteroid discovery made by famous American astronomer Edwin Hubble, while observing distant galaxies at Mount Wilson Observatory in California on 30 August 1935. The rather spherical X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.3 hours. It was named for the Cincinnati Observatory.

    2023 Asaph, provisional designation 1952 SA, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 September 1952, by astronomers of the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in Indiana, United States.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1042 Amazone</span>

    1042 Amazone, provisional designation 1925 HA, is a dark asteroid and slow rotator in the outer asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 April 1925, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. It is named after the Amazons from Greek mythology.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1103 Sequoia</span> Asteroid

    1103 Sequoia is a bright Hungaria asteroid from the innermost region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 November 1928, by German astronomer Walter Baade at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany, who named it after the Sequoia National Park located in California.

    1158 Luda, provisional designation 1929 QF, is a stony asteroid from the middle regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 August 1929, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was named after Ludmilla Neujmin, the sister of the discoverer.

    3037 Alku, provisional designation 1944 BA, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 January 1944, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2839 Annette</span> Flora family asteroid

    2839 Annette is a bright Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 5 October 1929, by American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh at Lowell Observatory during his search for Pluto. The presumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 10.5 hours and measures approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was named after the discoverer's daughter.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1635 Bohrmann</span> Asteroid

    1635 Bohrmann, provisional designation 1924 QW, is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 March 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, and named for astronomer Alfred Bohrmann.

    1589 Fanatica, provisional designation 1950 RK, is a stony, Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1950, by Argentine astronomer Miguel Itzigsohn at La Plata Astronomical Observatory in La Plata, Argentina. It was named after Eva Perón.

    3642 Frieden, provisional designation 1953 XL1, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Herta Gessner at Sonneberg Observatory on 4 December 1953. It is named after the goddess of peace, Pax.

    3915 Fukushima, provisional designation 1988 PA1, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1694 Kaiser</span>

    1694 Kaiser is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at Leiden Southern Station, annex to the Johannesburg Observatory in South Africa. It is named for Dutch astronomer Frederik Kaiser.

    1384 Kniertje, provisional designation 1934 RX, is a dark Adeonian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named after a character in the Dutch play Op Hoop van Zegen by Herman Heijermans.

    3066 McFadden, provisional designation 1984 EO, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 March 1984, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at the Anderson Mesa Station near Tucson, Arizona. It was named for American planetary scientist Lucy-Ann McFadden. The assumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 13.8 hours.

    1266 Tone is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 80 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by astronomer Okuro Oikawa at the Tokyo Observatory in 1927, it was assigned the provisional designation 1927 BD. The asteroid was later named after the Tone River, one of Japan's largest rivers.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1186 Turnera</span>

    1186 Turnera, provisional designation 1929 PL, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 36 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 August 1929, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was later named after British astronomer Herbert Hall Turner.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2120 Tyumenia</span>

    2120 Tyumenia is a dark background asteroid, approximately 45 kilometers in diameter, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 9 September 1967, by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for the now Russian district of Tyumen Oblast in Western Siberia.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1546 Izsák</span>

    1546 Izsák, provisional designation 1941 SG1, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 28 September 1941, by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at the Konkoly Observatory near Budapest, Hungary. The asteroid was named after Hungarian astronomer Imre Izsák.

    (6382) 1988 EL, is a stony Hungaria asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 March 1988, by American astronomer Jeffrey Alu at the U.S. Palomar Observatory, California.

    (7563) 1988 BC, provisional designation 1988 BC, is a background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 January 1988, by Japanese amateur astronomer Takuo Kojima at the YGCO Chiyoda Station in the Kantō region of Japan. The asteroid has a rotation period of 6.5 hours.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4713 Steel (1989 QL)" (2017-02-04 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 4 July 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(4713) Steel". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (4713) Steel. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 406. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4625. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (4713) Steel". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi: 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 . (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    5. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv: 1109.6407 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    6. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv: 1406.6645 . Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 . Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    7. 1 2 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (4713) Steel". Geneva Observatory . Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    8. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (April 2012). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2011 September - December". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 39 (2): 69–80. Bibcode:2012MPBu...39...69W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    9. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (October 2010). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2010 March - June". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 37 (4): 161–165. Bibcode:2010MPBu...37..161W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    10. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (April 2015). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2014 October-December". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 42 (2): 108–114. Bibcode:2015MPBu...42..108W. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    11. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv: 1506.00762 . Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 . Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    12. 1 2 "4713 Steel (1989 QL)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    13. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.