Aglais

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Aglais
Small tortoiseshell butterfly (aglais urticae).jpg
Small tortoiseshell ( Aglais urticae ) on blackthorn in Otmoor, Oxfordshire, England
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Tribe: Nymphalini
Genus: Aglais
Dalman, 1816
Type species
Aglais urticae

Aglais is a Holarctic genus of brush-footed butterflies, containing the tortoiseshells. This genus is sometimes indicated as a subgenus of Nymphalis or simply being an unnecessary division from the genus Nymphalis, [1] [2] [3] which also includes tortoiseshells, but it is usually considered to be separate. [4] This proposed separate genus is also considered "brushfooted butterflies" historically together with the other or separate Nymphalis species. [1]

Contents

Species

LarvaeButterflyScientific nameCommon nameDistribution
(MHNT) Aglais ichnusa ichnusa - Monte Spada Sardaigne Italie - male dorsal.jpg Aglais ichnusa Bonelli, 1826Corsican small tortoiseshellCorsica and Sardinia
2014.05.25.-05-Kirschgartshaeuser Schlaege Mannheim--Tagpfauenauge-Raupe.jpg Tagpfauenauge.jpg Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758) [5] European peacock butterflyEurope and temperate Asia as far east as Japan.
Indian Tortoiseshell Aglais cashmiriensis by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSCN3268 (16).jpg Aglais caschmirensis (Kollar, 1844)Indian tortoiseshellThe Himalayas from Kashmir to Sikkim, Gissar Range- to Darvaz, Pamirs to Alay Mountains, Afghanistan, Pakistan, West China.
(MHNT) Aglais ladakensis - ex larva -Gansu Xiahe Chine - male dorsal.jpg Aglais ladakensis (Moore, 1882)Ladakh tortoiseshellNorthern Himalayan ranges, Ladakh, Tibet, Chitral; Nilang Pass beyond Mussoorie; Sikkim, Chumbi valley.
Nettlecaterpillers.jpg Milbert's Tortoiseshell (Aglais milberti) - King's Cove, Newfoundland 2019-08-13 (05).jpg Aglais milberti (Godart, 1819)Milbert's tortoiseshell or fire-rim tortoiseshellCanada and Alaska, western United States
Aglais rizana.jpg Aglais rizana (Moore, 1872)mountain tortoiseshellPamirs to Alay Range, Afghanistan, northwest Himalayas.
Aglais urticae qtl3.jpg Aglais urticae LC0310.jpg Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758)small tortoiseshellEurope, Asia Minor, Central Asia, Siberia, China, Nepal, Sikkim, Pakistan, Northern India, Mongolia, Korea and Japan

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphalidae</span> Largest butterfly family

The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a reduced pair of forelegs and many hold their colourful wings flat when resting. They are also called brush-footed butterflies or four-footed butterflies, because they are known to stand on only four legs while the other two are curled up; in some species, these forelegs have a brush-like set of hairs, which gives this family its other common name. Many species are brightly coloured and include popular species such as the emperors, monarch butterfly, admirals, tortoiseshells, and fritillaries. However, the under wings are, in contrast, often dull and in some species look remarkably like dead leaves, or are much paler, producing a cryptic effect that helps the butterflies blend into their surroundings.

<i>Aglais io</i> Species of butterfly

Aglais io, the European peacock, or the peacock butterfly, is a colourful butterfly, found in Europe and temperate Asia as far east as Japan. It was formerly classified as the only member of the genus Inachis. It should not be confused or classified with the "American peacocks" in the genus Anartia; while belonging to the same family as the European peacock, Nymphalidae, the American peacocks are not close relatives of the Eurasian species. The peacock butterfly is resident in much of its range, often wintering in buildings or trees. It therefore often appears quite early in spring. The peacock butterfly has figured in research in which the role of eyespots as an anti-predator mechanism has been investigated. The peacock is expanding its range and is not known to be threatened.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Small tortoiseshell</span> Species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae

The small tortoiseshell is a colourful Eurasian butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Adults feed on nectar and may hibernate over winter; in warmer climates they may have two broods in a season. While the dorsal surface of the wings is vividly marked, the ventral surface is drab, providing camouflage. Eggs are laid on the common nettle, on which the larvae feed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">California tortoiseshell</span> Species of butterfly

The California tortoiseshell is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Large tortoiseshell</span> Species of butterfly

The large tortoiseshell or blackleg tortoiseshell is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tortoiseshell</span> Mottled, flexible, brownish material made from the shells of turtles

Tortoiseshell or tortoise shell is a material produced from the shells of the larger species of tortoise and turtle, mainly the hawksbill sea turtle, which is a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red List largely because of its exploitation for this trade. The large size, fine color, and unusual form of the hawksbill's scutes make it especially suitable. The distinctive patterning is referred to in names such as the tortoiseshell cat, several breeds of guinea pig, and the common names of several species of the butterfly genera Nymphalis and Aglais, and some other uses.

<i>Charaxes jasius</i> Species of butterfly

Charaxes jasius, the two-tailed pasha, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is the only European species of the genus Charaxes. Divergence of the Mediterranean species C. jasius from the last common ancestor with its closest related species still flying in the Afrotropical realm most probably occurred around 2 mya, i.e. during the Pliocene.

<i>Polygonia</i> Genus of insects

Polygonia is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus Nymphalis also includes some anglewing species; Polygonia is sometimes classified as a subgenus of Nymphalis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphalini</span> Tribe of butterflies

Nymphalini is a tribe of nymphalid brush-footed butterflies. Common names include admirals, anglewings, commas, and tortoiseshells, but none of these is specific to one particular genus.

<i>Nymphalis</i> Genus of butterflies

Nymphalis, commonly known as the tortoiseshells or anglewing butterflies, is a genus of brush-footed butterflies. The genera Aglais, Inachis, Polygonia and Kaniska, were sometimes included as subgenera of Nymphalis but they may instead be treated as distinct genera. See also anglewing butterflies. For other butterflies named tortoiseshells, see the genus Aglais.

<i>Nymphalis xanthomelas</i> Species of butterfly

Nymphalis xanthomelas, the scarce tortoiseshell, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in eastern Europe and Asia. This butterfly is also referred as yellow-legged tortoiseshell or large tortoiseshell.

<i>Catagramma</i> Genus of butterflies

"Catagramma" is a genus of Neotropical butterflies; the name has a problematic history of differing usage, which especially continues to be used in a broader sense than any modern technical definitions e.g. among butterfly collectors as a form taxon. In that latter broad sense, the various "Catagramma" are popularly known as 88s in reference to patterning on the hindwing undersides which can resemble the number 88. They are medium-sized forest dwellers.

<i>Nymphalis vaualbum</i> Species of butterfly

Nymphalis vaualbum or N. l-album, the Compton tortoiseshell, or false comma, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.

<i>Aglais milberti</i> Species of butterfly

Aglais milberti, the fire-rim tortoiseshell or Milbert's tortoiseshell, is considered the only species of the proposed Aglais genus that occurs in North America.

<i>Aglais caschmirensis</i> Species of butterfly

Aglais caschmirensis, the Indian tortoiseshell, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent, primarily in the Himalayas.

<i>Aglais rizana</i> Species of butterfly

Aglais rizana, the mountain tortoiseshell, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in Asia.

References

  1. 1 2 Evans, Arthur V. (2008). National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Insects and Spider of North America. p. 293. Sterling Publishing, London. ISBN   978-1-4027-4153-1.
  2. Savela, Markku (28 April 2019). "Nymphalis Kluk, 1780". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  3. Hoskins, Adrian. "Milbert's Tortoiseshell". Butterflies of Mexico, USA & Canada.
  4. Sadka, Mike. "LepIndex Home". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  5. Linnaeus, Carl; Salvius, Lars (1758). Caroli Linnaei...Systema naturae per regna tria naturae :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (pdf) (in Latin). Vol. v.1. Holmiae : Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. p. 472. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542. hdl:2027/hvd.32044106464480. OCLC   499504699 . Retrieved 15 March 2018.