Amino acid transporter

Transmembrane amino acid transporter protein
Identifiers
Symbol	Aa_trans
Pfam	PF01490
InterPro	IPR013057
TCDB	2.A.18
Membranome	228
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

An amino acid transporter is a membrane transport protein that transports amino acids. They are mainly of the solute carrier family.

Families

There are several families that function in amino acid transport, some of these include:

• TC# 2.A.3 - Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (APC) Superfamily
• TC# 2.A.18 - Amino Acid/Auxin Permease (AAAP) Family
• TC# 2.A.23 - Dicarboxylate/Amino Acid:Cation (Na⁺ or H⁺) Symporter (DAACS) Family
• TC# 2.A.26 - Branched Chain Amino Acid:Cation Symporter (LIVCS) Family
• TC# 2.A.42 - Hydroxy/Aromatic Amino Acid Permease (HAAAP) Family
• TC# 2.A.78 - Branched Chain Amino Acid Exporter (LIV-E) Family
• TC# 2.A.95 - 6TMS Neutral Amino Acid Transporter (NAAT) Family
• TC# 2.A.118 - Basic Amino Acid Antiporter (ArcD) Family
• TC# 2.A.120 - Putative Amino Acid Permease (PAAP) Family

Solute carrier family examples

• (1) high affinity glutamate and neutral amino acid transporter ^[1]
• (3) heavy subunits of heteromeric amino acid transporters ^[2]
• (6) Bacterial Leucine Transporter (LeuT) ^[3]
• (7) cationic amino acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated ^[4]
• (15) proton oligopeptide cotransporter ^[5]
• (17) vesicular glutamate transporter ^[6]
• (18) vesicular amine transporter ^[7]
• (25) some mitochondrial carriers ^[8]
• (26) multifunctional anion exchanger ^[9]
• (32) vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter ^[10]
• (36) proton-coupled amino acid transporter ^[11]
• (38) System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter ^[12]

VIAAT

Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT) is responsible for the storage of GABA and glycine in neuronal synaptic vesicles. ^[13]

Human proteins containing this domain

SLC32A1; SLC36A1; SLC36A2; SLC36A3; SLC36A4; SLC38A1; SLC38A2; SLC38A3; SLC38A4; SLC38A5; SLC38A6.

See also

• Solute carrier family
• Amino acid transport
• Amino acid transport, acidic
• Amino acid transport, basic
• Amino acid transport disorder
• Amino acid
• Transporter Classification Database

References

1. Kanai Y, Hediger MA (2004). "The glutamate/neutral amino acid transporter family SLC1: molecular, physiological and pharmacological aspects". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 469–479. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1146-4. PMID   14530974. S2CID   21564906.
2. Palacin M, Kanai Y (2004). "The ancillary proteins of HATs: SLC3 family of amino acid transporters". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 490–494. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1062-7. PMID   14770309. S2CID   25808108.
3. Singh SK, Piscitelli CL, Yamashita A, Gouaux E (2008). "A competitive inhibitor traps LeuT in an open-to-out conformation". Science. 322 (5908): 1655–1661. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1655S. doi:10.1126/science.1166777. PMC   2832577 . PMID   19074341.
4. Verrey F, Closs EI, Wagner CA, Palacin M, Endou H, Kanai Y (2004). "CATs and HATs: the SLC7 family of amino acid transporters" (PDF). Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 532–542. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1086-z. PMID   14770310. S2CID   11670040.
5. Daniel H, Kottra G (2004). "The proton oligopeptide cotransporter family SLC15 in physiology and pharmacology". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 610–618. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1101-4. PMID   12905028. S2CID   22369521.
6. Reimer RJ, Edwards RH (2004). "Organic anion transport is the primary function of the SLC17/type I phosphate transporter family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 629–635. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1087-y. PMID   12811560. S2CID   9680597.
7. Eiden LE, Schafer MK, Weihe E, Schutz B (2004). "The vesicular amine transporter family (SLC18): amine/proton antiporters required for vesicular accumulation and regulated exocytotic secretion of monoamines and acetylcholine". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 636–640. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1100-5. PMID   12827358. S2CID   20764857.
8. Palmieri F (2004). "The mitochondrial transporter family (SLC25): physiological and pathological implications". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 689–709. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1099-7. PMID   14598172. S2CID   25304722.
9. Mount DB, Romero MF (2004). "The SLC26 gene family of multifunctional anion exchangers". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 710–721. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1090-3. PMID   12759755. S2CID   20302398.
10. Gasnier B (2004). "The SLC32 transporter, a key protein for the synaptic release of inhibitory amino acids". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 752–755. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1091-2. PMID   12750892. S2CID   24669893.
11. Boll M, Daniel H, Gasnier B (2004). "The SLC36 family: proton-coupled transporters for the absorption of selected amino acids from extracellular and intracellular proteolysis family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 776–779. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1073-4. PMID   12748860. S2CID   25655241.
12. Mackenzie B, Erickson JD (2004). "Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid (System N/A) transporters of the SLC38 gene family". Pflügers Arch. 447 (5): 784–795. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1117-9. PMID   12845534. S2CID   35457147.
13. [Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transporter Is Present in Glucagon-Containing Secretory Granules in {alpha}TC6 Cells, Mouse Clonal {alpha}-Cells, and {alpha}-Cells of Islets of Langerhans] Diabetes 52:2066-2074, 2003