Ammotrechidae

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Ammotrechidae
Temporal range: Miocene–recent
Chinchippusperuvianus.jpg
Chinchippus peruvianus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Solifugae
Family: Ammotrechidae
Roewer, 1934
Genera

See text.

Diversity
26 genera, 95 species

Ammotrechidae is a family of solifuges distributed in the Americas and the Caribbean Islands. It includes 26 described genera and 95 species. Members of this family can be distinguished from members of other families by the absence of claws on tarsi of leg I, tarsal segmentation 1-2-2-(2-4), pedipalps with pairs of lateroventral spines, and by males having an immovable flagellum on the mesal face of each chelicerum. The propeltidium of the Ammotrechidae is recurved. [1]

Contents

The common names used for Ammotrechidae are curve-faced solifugids and sand runners. They live in arid regions, such as dune and rocky habitats. They are carnivores which feed mainly on other invertebrates. Ammotrechidae have relatively high metabolic rates, which allow them to be voracious predators. [2] They feed by masticating their prey and sucking out the liquids. [3] They are preyed upon by other vertebrates. Species of Ammotrechidae are found to be cannibalistic. [4] Males and females dig shallow burrows for protection and nesting. [5]

The species in North America are found in the South to Southwest and are rarely longer than 2 inches. [6] Though they can be pests, they are considered beneficial because they feed on scorpions, spiders, and termites. [6]

Genera

As of September 2022, the World Solifugae Catalog accepts the following twenty-six genera: [7]

Related Research Articles

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Syndaesia mastix is a species of arachnids in the order Solifugae, and the only member of the genus Syndaesia. It lives in western Argentina, and is one of only two daesiids in South America, the other being Ammotrechelis goetschi from the Atacama Desert; all other South American solifugids are in the families Eremobatidae and Ammotrechidae.

<i>Eremobates</i> Genus of solifuges

Eremobates is a genus of arachnids of the order Solifugae. About 2 inches long, these fast-moving arachnids have the largest jaw size to body ratio of any animal. They are not venomous, but have a remarkably powerful bite. Often hunting at night, they have poor eyesight and navigate mostly by use of a pair of pedipalps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solifugae</span> Order of arachnids

Solifugae is an order of arachnids known variously as solifuges, sun spiders, camel spiders, and wind scorpions. The order includes more than 1,000 described species in about 147 genera. Despite the common names, they are neither true scorpions nor true spiders. Because of this, it's less ambiguous to call them "solifuges". Most species of solifuge live in dry climates and feed opportunistically on ground-dwelling arthropods and other small animals. The largest species grow to a length of 12–15 cm (5–6 in), including legs. A number of urban legends exaggerate the size and speed of solifuges, and their potential danger to humans, which is negligible.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nemesiidae</span> Family of spiders

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pachylinae</span> Subfamily of harvestmen/daddy longlegs

Pachylinae is the most diverse subfamily of the harvestman family Gonyleptidae, including around 400 valid species. Major groups of species occur in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, Bolivian/Peruvian highlands, Argentina, and Chilean temperate forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daesiidae</span> Family of spider-like animals

Daesiidae is a family of solifugids, which are widespread in Africa and the Middle East. Members of the family are also present in India, Italy, South America, the Balkans, and the single species Gluvia dorsalis in the Iberian Peninsula. A single fossil species is known from Eocene Baltic amber.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eremobatidae</span> Family of spider-like organisms

Eremobatidae is a family of solifuges, first described by Karl Kraepelin in 1901.

<i>Bothriurus</i> Genus of scorpions

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Chanbria is a genus of camel spiders. It consists of four species found in the Sonoran Desert in Mexico and the southwestern United States.

Horribates is a genus of eremobatid camel spiders, first described by Martin Hammond Muma in 1962.

Ammotrechella is a genus of ammotrechid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1934.

Oltacola is a genus of ammotrechid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1934.

Pseudocleobis is a genus of ammotrechid camel spiders, first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1900.

<i>Ammotrechula</i> Genus of camel spiders

Ammotrechula is a genus of ammotrechid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1934.

<i>Ammotrecha</i> Genus of camel spiders

Ammotrecha is a genus of ammotrechid camel spiders, first described by Nathan Banks in 1900.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mummuciidae</span> Family of spider-like organisms

Mummuciidae is a family of solifuges, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1934.

Mummucina is a genus of mummuciid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1934.

References

  1. ↑ Carl Friedrich Roewer (1934). "Solifuga, Palpigrada". In H. G. Bronn (ed.). Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Fünfter Band: Arthropoda; IV. Abeitlung: Arachnoidea und kleinere ihnen nahegestellte Arthropodengruppen. Vol. 4. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft m.b.H. pp. 1–723.
  2. ↑ Martin H. Muma (1966). "Burrowing habits of North American Solpugida (Arachnida)". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology . 73 (4): 251–260. doi: 10.1155/1966/36510 .
  3. ↑ Fred Punzo (1998). The Biology of Camel-spiders (Arachnida, Solifugae). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  4. ↑ Martin H. Muma (1967). "Basic behavior of North American Solpugida". Florida Entomologist . 50 (2): 115–123. doi:10.2307/3493620. JSTOR   3493620.
  5. ↑ Martin H. Muma (1966). "Feeding behavior of North American Solpugida (Arachnida)". Florida Entomologist . 49 (3): 199–216. doi:10.2307/3493444. JSTOR   3493444. Archived from the original on 2017-09-21. Retrieved 2018-11-04.
  6. 1 2 Mike Quinn (January 18, 2007). "Curve-faced Solifugid. Class Arachnida - Order Solifugae - Family Ammotrechidae". Texas Entomology. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
  7. ↑ "Ammotrechidae Roewer, 1934". World Solifugae Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
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