Ankylosaurinae

Ankylosaurines Temporal range: Cretaceous, 105–66  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skeleton of Scolosaurus thronus , once referred to Euoplocephalus . Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	† Ornithischia
Clade:	† Thyreophora
Clade:	† Ankylosauria
Family:	† Ankylosauridae
Subfamily:	† Ankylosaurinae Brown, 1908 [1]
Subgroups [1]
† Ahshislepelta ? † Crichtonpelta † Datai † Jinyunpelta † Minotaurasaurus † Pinacosaurus † Saichania † Shanxia ? † Tarchia † Tsagantegia † Zaraapelta † Zhongyuansaurus ? †AnkylosauriniArbour & Currie, 2016 † Akainacephalus † Ankylosaurus † Anodontosaurus † Dyoplosaurus † Euoplocephalus † Nodocephalosaurus † Oohkotokia ? † Platypelta † Scolosaurus † Talarurus † Tianzhenosaurus ? † Ziapelta † Zuul

Ankylosaurinae is a subfamily of ankylosaurid dinosaurs, existing from the Early Cretaceous about 105 million years ago until the end of the Late Cretaceous, about 66 mya. Many genera are included in the clade, such as Ankylosaurus , Pinacosaurus , Euoplocephalus , and Saichania .

Features

Ankylosaurinae is formally defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade containing Ankylosaurus magniventris , but not Shamosaurus scutatus ". ^{[2] [3] [4]} The tribe Ankylosaurini is defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade containing Ankylosaurus magniventris , but not Pinacosaurus grangeri and Saichania chulsanensis ". ^[2]

Diagnostic features of ankylosaurines include the nuchal shelf that obscures the occiput in dorsal view, and the quadrate condyle which is obscured lightly by the quadratojugal boss. ^[3]

Phylogeny

The following cladogram is based on the 50% majority rule phylogenetic analysis of Arbour & Currie (2015): ^[1]

Ankylosaurinae	Crichtonpelta Tsagantegia Pinacosaurus Saichania Tarchia Zaraapelta Ankylosaurini Dyoplosaurus Talarurus Nodocephalosaurus Ankylosaurus Anodontosaurus Euoplocephalus Scolosaurus Ziapelta

References

1. Arbour, Victoria M.; Currie, Philip J. (2015). "Systematics, phylogeny and palaeobiogeography of the ankylosaurid dinosaurs". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 14 (5): 1. doi:10.1080/14772019.2015.1059985. S2CID   214625754.
2. Madzia, D.; Arbour, V.M.; Boyd, C.A.; Farke, A.A.; Cruzado-Caballero, P.; Evans, D.C. (2021). "The phylogenetic nomenclature of ornithischian dinosaurs". PeerJ. 9: e12362. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12362 . PMC   8667728 . PMID   34966571.
3. Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (2004). The Dinosauria. Berkeley, CA and Los Angeles, CA and London, England: University of California Press. pp. 389, 861. ISBN   0-520-24209-2 . Retrieved April 9, 2010.
4. Xing, Lida; Niu, Kecheng; Mallon, Jordan; Miyashita, Tetsuto (2023). "A new armored dinosaur with double cheek horns from the early Late Cretaceous of southeastern China". Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology. 11. doi: 10.18435/vamp29396 . ISSN   2292-1389.