Arctostaphylos densiflora

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Arctostaphylos densiflora
Arctostaphylos densiflora - Regional Parks Botanic Garden, Berkeley, CA - DSC04346.JPG
Status TNC G1.svg
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Arctostaphylos
Species:
A. densiflora
Binomial name
Arctostaphylos densiflora

Arctostaphylos densiflora, known by the common name Vine Hill manzanita, is a very rare species of manzanita. It is endemic to Sonoma County, California, where it is known from only one extant population of 20 to 30 individual plants. These last wild members of the species are on land near Sebastopol which is owned and protected by the California Native Plant Society. In addition, there are five to ten plants of this manzanita taxon growing on private property about a mile away. [2] The local habitat is mostly chaparral on sandy shale soils.

Contents

Pathogenic Risk

The entire wild population is infected with the root pathogen Phytopthera cinnamomi and subject to mortality, which could result in species extinction. [3]

Plants have been propagated through a collaborative effort by California Native Plant Society (CNPS) volunteers at the Vine Hill Preserve and the CNPS Nursery located at the Laguna de Santa Rosa Foundation near Santa Rosa, California. The purpose of the effort is to outplant to establish healthy genetically diverse plants at several locations other than the Vine Hill Preserve. [3]

Locations as of May 2023 with outplanting of disease free manzanitas include the Pitkin Marsh Preserve and Cunningham Marsh Preserve in Sonoma County. Others include Regional Parks Botanical Garden Tilden, the University of California Berkeley Botanical Garden, the San Francisco Botanical Garden, the University of California Santa Cruz Arboretum, San Francisco State University, the Mendocino Coast Botanical Gardens, and the northern most outplanting at the Humboldt Botanical Garden with six of the 20 genetic lineages. [3]

Description

Arctostaphylos densiflora is a small shrub growing in low, spreading clumps under one meter in height. Of the heath family, its shiny green leaves are oval to widely lance-shaped and less than three centimeters long. [4] It bears inflorescences of light to bright pink urn-shaped flowers. The fruit is a drupe about half a centimeter wide.

Ecological Relationships

The flowers of this species provide nectar for butterflies and native bees in the spring, berries provide food for birds in the late summer, and the low-growing habit of the plant make it a good home for California valley quail and wrentit nests. (Lowe 1999) [5]

Habitat

Roadside banks and neighboring areas in chaparral habitat with acid marine sand (York 1987). [6]

Species differentiation

A. densiflora likely appeared about 1.5 million years ago, although the Arctostaphylos genus itself arose in the Miocene era. [7]

See also

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<i>Arctostaphylos catalinae</i> Species of tree

Arctostaphylos catalinae, known by the common name Santa Catalina Island manzanita, is a species of manzanita native to Southern California.

<i>Arctostaphylos confertiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos confertiflora is a rare species of manzanita known by the common name Santa Rosa Island manzanita. This shrub is endemic to California, where it grows on the sandstone bluffs of Santa Rosa Island in the Channel Islands. This manzanita is listed as an endangered species by the United States Government.

<i>Arctostaphylos glandulosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos glandulosa, with the common name Eastwood's manzanita, is a species of manzanita.

<i>Ceanothus ophiochilus</i> Species of flowering plant

Ceanothus ophiochilus is a rare species of flowering shrub known by the common name Vail Lake ceanothus, native to Southern California. It was not described until 1991.

<i>Arctostaphylos pallida</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos pallida, commonly known as pallid manzanita, Oakland Hills manzanita, and Alameda manzanita, is an upright manzanita shrub from the Ericaceae, or heath family. It is endemic to the eastern San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California.

<i>Arctostaphylos glauca</i> Species of tree

Arctostaphylos glauca is a species of manzanita known by the common name bigberry manzanita. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral and woodland of coastal and inland hills.

<i>Arctostaphylos bakeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos bakeri is a species of manzanita known by the common name Baker's manzanita. It is endemic to Sonoma County, California, where it grows in the chaparral and woodlands of the North Coast Ranges. It is sometimes a member of the serpentine soils flora.

<i>Arctostaphylos imbricata</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos imbricata is a species of manzanita known by the common name San Bruno Mountain manzanita.

<i>Arctostaphylos luciana</i> Species of tree

Arctostaphylos luciana is a species of manzanita known by the common name Santa Lucia manzanita, is endemic to California.

<i>Arctostaphylos montaraensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos montaraensis, known by the common name Montara manzanita, is a species of manzanita in the family Ericaceae.

<i>Arctostaphylos obispoensis</i> Species of tree

Arctostaphylos obispoensis is a species of manzanita, known by the common names bishop manzanita and serpentine manzanita, endemic to California.

<i>Arctostaphylos pajaroensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos pajaroensis is a species of manzanita known by the common name Pajaro manzanita. It is endemic to California, where it is known mainly from Monterey County.

<i>Arctostaphylos pilosula</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos pilosula is a species of manzanita, known by the common names La Panza manzanita and Santa Margarita manzanita, that is endemic to California.

<i>Arctostaphylos silvicola</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos silvicola is a species of manzanita known by the common names Bonny Doon or silverleaf manzanita. It is endemic to the sandhills of the southern Santa Cruz Mountains in California's Santa Cruz and Santa Clara counties.

<i>Arctostaphylos stanfordiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos stanfordiana, with the common name Stanford's manzanita, is a species of manzanita that is endemic to northern California. It is known from the outer North Coast Ranges north of the San Francisco Bay Area.

<i>Arctostaphylos rainbowensis</i> Species of tree

Arctostaphylos rainbowensis is a species of manzanita known by the common name Rainbow manzanita. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from northern San Diego and southern Riverside Counties in the Peninsular Ranges.

References

  1. ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0".
  2. ↑ Center for Plant Conservation Archived 2009-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
  3. 1 2 3 Moore, Mark (Summer 2023). "Vine Hill Manzanitas at the Humboldt Botanical Garden". The Botanical Guardian. Eureka, California: Humboldt Botanical Garden: 6.
  4. ↑ "National Collection of Imperiled Plants". 2009-08-19. Archived from the original on 2009-08-19. Retrieved 2023-05-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ↑ Lowe, M. (1999). The Gardner's Guide to the Susal Creek Watershed: A Home Companion to Growing Native Plants. Aquatic Outreach Institute, Susal Creek Watershed Awareness Program.
  6. ↑ York, R. P. (1987). Elias, T. S. (ed.). California's most endangered plants. In: Conservation and management of rare and endangered plants. Sacramento, California: California Native Plant Society. pp. 109–120.
  7. ↑ C. Michael Hogan & Sarah Gordon. 2014. Arctostaphylos densiflora Archived May 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine . ed. J. Lee. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science & Environment. Washington DC


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