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Deinococcus–Thermus is a phylum of bacteria with a single order, Deinococci, that are highly resistant to environmental hazards, also known as extremophiles. These bacteria have thick cell walls that give them gram-positive stains, but they include a second membrane and so are closer in structure to those of gram-negative bacteria. Cavalier-Smith calls this clade Hadobacteria.
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Verrucomicrobia is a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that contains only a few described species. The species identified have been isolated from fresh water, marine and soil environments and human faeces. A number of as-yet uncultivated species have been identified in association with eukaryotic hosts including extrusive explosive ectosymbionts of protists and endosymbionts of nematodes residing in their gametes.
The Thermodesulfobacteria are a phylum of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria.
The Thermotogae are a phylum of the domain Bacteria. The phylum Thermotogae is composed of Gram-negative staining, anaerobic, and mostly thermophilic and hyperthermophilic bacteria.
Fibrobacteres is a small bacterial phylum which includes many of the major rumen bacteria, allowing for the degradation of plant-based cellulose in ruminant animals. Members of this phylum were categorized in other phyla. The genus Fibrobacter was removed from the genus Bacteroides in 1988.
The Gemmatimonadetes are a phylum of bacteria established in 2003. The phylum contains two classes Gemmatimonadetes and Longimicrobia.
Sulfolobaceae are a family of the Sulfolobales belonging to the domain Archaea. The family consists of several genera adapted to survive environmental niches with extreme temperature and low pH conditions.
The Chloroflexi or Chlorobacteria are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis ; and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics as electron acceptors.
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Atribacteria is a candidate phylum of bacteria, which are common in anoxic sediments rich in methane. It was previously known as a candidate edge OP9 or JS1. They are distributed worldwide and in some cases abundant in anaerobic marine sediments, geothermal springs, and oil deposits. Genetic analyzes suggest a heterotrophic metabolism that gives rise to fermentation products such as acetate, ethanol, and CO2. These products in turn can support methanogens within the sediment microbial community and explain the frequent occurrence of Atribacteria in methane-rich anoxic sediments. According to phylogenetic analysis Atribacteria appears to be related to several thermophilic phyla within Terrabacteria or may be in the base of Gracilicutes. According to research, Atribacteria shows patterns of gene expressions which consists of fermentative, acetogenic metabolism. These expressions let Atribacteria to be able to create catabolic and anabolic functions which are necessary to generate cellular reproduction, even when the energy levels are limited due to the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the areas of sea waters, fresh waters, or ground waters.
References
- 1 2 Tamaki, Hideyuki; Tanaka, Yasuhiro; Matsuzawa, Hiroaki; Muramatsu, Mizuho; Meng, Xian-Ying; Hanada, Satoshi; Mori, Kazuhiro; Kamagata, Yoichi (2010). "Armatimonas rosea gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-negative, aerobic, chemoheterotrophic bacterium of a novel bacterial phylum, Armatimonadetes phyl. nov., formally called the candidate phylum OP10". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (Pt 6): 1442–7. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.025643-0 . PMID 20622056.
- ↑ Lee, Kevin C. Y.; Dunfield, Peter F.; Morgan, Xochitl C.; Crowe, Michelle A.; Houghton, Karen M.; Vyssotski, Mikhail; Ryan, Jason L. J.; Lagutin, Kirill; et al. (2010). "Chthonomonas calidirosea gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, pigmented, thermophilic microorganism of a novel bacterial class, Chthonomonadetes classis. nov., of the newly described phylum Armatimonadetes originally designated candidate division OP10". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (Pt 10): 2482–90. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.027235-0 . PMID 21097641.
- ↑ All-Species Living Tree Project. "16S rRNA-based LTP release 123 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database . Retrieved 2014-03-20.
- ↑ Mendler, K; Chen, H; Parks, DH; Hug, LA; Doxey, AC (2019). "AnnoTree: visualization and exploration of a functionally annotated microbial tree of life". Nucleic Acids Research. 47: 4442–4448. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz246 . PMC 6511854 .
- ↑ cite website |title=GTDB release 05-RS95 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=Genome Taxonomy Database
- ↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Armatimonadetes". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
- ↑ Sayers; et al. "Armatimonadetes". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.