Austral negrito

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Austral negrito
Austral negrito (Lessonia rufa).jpg
Male
Austral Negrito female RWD.jpg
Female
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Tyrannidae
Genus: Lessonia
Species:
L. rufa
Binomial name
Lessonia rufa
(Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Lessonia rufa map.svg
  Breeding
  Non-Breeding

The austral negrito or Patagonian negrito (Lessonia rufa) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It breeds in Argentina and Chile, migrating north as far as Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. It is a vagrant to the Falkland Islands and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands territory. It has also been seen in the South Shetland Islands. [2] Its natural habitats are freshwater lakes and saline marshes. It is primarily insectivorous [3] but can eat algae. [2] It hunts in grassland environments with short grass. [4] It perches and moves throughout foliage such as shrubs in order to find prey. [3]

Taxonomy

The austral negrito was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae . He placed it with the larks in the genus Alauda and coined the binomial name Alauda rufa. [5] [6] The specific epithet is from Latin rufus meaning "red", "ruddy" or "rufous". [7] Gmelin based his description on "L'alouette noire à dos fauve" from Buenos Aires that had been described in 1778 by the French polymath, the Comte de Buffon and illustrated with a hand-coloured engraving by François-Nicolas Martinet. [8] [9] The austral negrito is now placed together with the Andean negrito in the genus Lessonia that was introduced in 1832 by William Swainson. [10] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. [10]

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References

  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Lessonia rufa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22700216A93764389. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700216A93764389.en . Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 Gryz, Piotr; Korczak−Abshire, Małgorzata; Gerlée, Alina (2015-09-01). "First record of the Austral Negrito (Aves: Passeriformes) from the South Shetlands, Antarctica". Polish Polar Research. 36 (3): 297–304. doi:10.1515/popore-2015-0018. ISSN   2081-8262.
  3. 1 2 Gorosito, Cristian Andrés; Cueto, Víctor Rodolfo (2019-12-07). "Do small cities affect bird assemblages? An evaluation from Patagonia". Urban Ecosystems. 23 (2): 289–300. doi:10.1007/s11252-019-00915-0. ISSN   1083-8155. S2CID   208745995.
  4. Azpiroz, Adrián B.; Isacch, Juan Pablo; Dias, Rafael A.; Di Giacomo, Adrián S.; Fontana, Carla Suertegaray; Palarea, Cristina Morales (2012-08-24). "Ecology and conservation of grassland birds in southeastern South America: a review". Journal of Field Ornithology. 83 (3): 217–246. doi:10.1111/j.1557-9263.2012.00372.x. ISSN   0273-8570.
  5. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1789). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 792.
  6. Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed. (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 8. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 173.
  7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 341. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  8. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1778). "L'alouette noire à dos fauve". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Vol. 5. Paris: De l'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 23–24.
  9. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de; Martinet, François-Nicolas; Daubenton, Edme-Louis; Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (1765–1783). "Alouette noire, de la Encenada". Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 738, Fig. 2.
  10. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Tyrant flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 20 March 2023.