Bauan

Not to be confused with Bauang.

Bauan
Municipality
Municipality of Bauan
Downtown in Bauan
Flag Seal
Etymology: báwang (garlic)
Map of Batangas with Bauan highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Bauan Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 13°47′30″N121°00′31″E / 13.7917°N 121.0085°E / 13.7917; 121.0085
Country	Philippines
Region	Calabarzon
Province	Batangas
District	2nd district
Founded	May 3, 1596 [1]
Barangays	40 (see Barangays)
Government   [2]
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
•  Mayor	Ryanh M. Dolor
•  Vice Mayor	Ronald E. Cruzat
•  Representative	Gerville Luistro
•  Municipal Council	Members Hero M. Dolor Neil P. Valdez Romel B. Basilan Jennelle Claresta Guenn S. Abante Patricia Nicole T. Abrahan Michael T. Endaya Josephine D. Gimeno Leon R. Ramos Jr.
•  Electorate	58,725 voters (2022)
Area [3]
• Total	53.31 km2 (20.58 sq mi)
Elevation	58 m (190 ft)
Highest elevation	274 m (899 ft)
Lowest elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [4]
• Total	90,819
• Density	1,700/km2 (4,400/sq mi)
•  Households	22,420
Economy
•  Income class	1st municipal income class
•  Poverty incidence	10.65 % (2021) [5]
•  Revenue	₱ 367.9 million (2020), 216.9 million (2012), 216.4 million (2013), 246 million (2014), 301 million (2015)
•  Assets	₱ 1,234 million (2020), 337.1 million (2012), 33.58 million (2013), 413.5 million (2014), 571.9 million (2015)
•  Expenditure	₱ 359.7 million (2020)
•  Liabilities	₱ 358.4 million (2020), 273.1 million (2012), 199.5 million (2013), 214.4 million (2014), 301 million (2015)
Service provider
• Electricity	First Bay Power Corporation (FBP)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	4201
PSGC	041006000
IDD  :  area code	+63 (0)43
Native languages	Tagalog
Website	www.bauan.gov.ph

Bauan, officially the Municipality of Bauan (Tagalog : Bayan ng Bauan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 90,819 people. ^[4]

Etymology

Bauan derived its name from the following Tagalog words:

• bauang that means "a close or concealed and rugged mountains;" or
• bawang that translates to garlic that farmers were planting near Taal Lake when they were asked by a Spanish official about the name of the place, not what they were planting as they thought to be

Since then, the place's name was registered as Bauang, which was later renamed to Bauan. ^[6]

History

See also: Bauan Church

Bauan's main Catholic Church

Largest extent of Bauan (yellow) in current map of Batangas

Bauan is formerly a barrio part of Taal. The Augustinian church of Bauan was founded as a visita (small chapel without a resident priest) in 1590 on the slopes of Mount Macolod, along Taal Lake's southern shore. The resident priest of Taal, Father Diego de Avila would visit periodically and attend to the spiritual needs of the settlement. ^{[6] [7]}

Six years after the establishment of the ecclesiastical mission of Bauan, a giant cross made of anubing was found in a Diñgin (a place of worship) near the town of Alitagtag. In 1790, Castro y Amoedo found a Tagalog document in the Bauan Cathedral Archives, signed by 25 Indio elders, stating the cross was made around 1595, as protection from ghosts surrounding the Tolo fountain. Subsequent miracles were associated with this cross. On May 3, the 2.5-meter (8 ft 2 in) tall cross was brought to the Chapel of Alitagtag. A golden sun, with a human face, and radiating rays was added, while the devout would cut away pieces of the cross to make talisman replicas. The elders also thought the cross protected the town from pestilence, locusts, drought, volcanic eruptions, and Moro pirates. ^[7]

Today, the traditional folk dance of Bauan, subli, is a religious homage to the Cross of Alitagtag. The dance is performed at a sambahan (place of worship), two of which are natural grottos along the shore of Taal Lake, and one of which is called Diñgin. ^[7]

Bauan became an independent parish on May 12, 1596, but was re-annexed to Taal, its matriz (mother town), because of too few tributos (taxpayers). Due to Taal Volcano eruptions, the town moved to Durungao (lookout point), led by Father Jose Rodriguez, in 1662. The town moved again in 1671 to Loual, along Taal's Seno de Bauan. An earthquake struck the town in 1677. In 1689, Father Nicolas de Rivera helped the town build its third church. In 1690, Father Rivera, with the help of the Taal parish priest Father Simon Martinez, moved the town to the seaside, its present location. However, a typhoon destroyed the church in 1692. ^[7]

A fourth stone church was built from 1695 to 1710. The current church was built in 1762 by Father Jose Victoria and Don Juan Bandino. A fort was built in 1775 to protect the town from Moro raids. ^[7]

Fr. Jose Vitoria introduced the cultivation of indigo in Bauan while building the present church. This was continued until 1856 during the administrations of Fr. Jose Trevino and Fr. Hipolito Huerta. It was completed under the supervision of Fr. Felipe Bravo in 1881. From there until 1894, final decorations were supervised by Fr. Moises Santos and Fr. Felipe Garcia. The church is said to be the most artistically built in the province of Batangas during that time. Father Bravo was also an imminent botanist who put up a museum of natural history and collected rare books that were lost when the church was razed by fire during the Philippine revolution against Spain in 1898. The church was probably rebuilt and again destroyed by fire in 1938. It has been restored since then.

The town of Bauan used to encompass a much more extensive area. However, throughout history, chunks of Bauan have been converted into municipalities; San Jose in 1765, Alitagtag in 1910, ^[8] Mabini in 1918, Tingloy in 1955, ^[9] and San Pascual in 1969. ^[10]

In March 2019, the Black Nazarene visited the church to help funds for rebuilding after the church was damaged in the 2017 Batangas earthquakes.

Geography

Bauan is one of the lowland towns of central Batangas that hosts some mountains and hills, with the tallest; Mount Durungao. It also has beach resorts with Sampaguita Beach in barangay Sampaguita in the western part of the town considered one of the more notable ones. ^{[11] [ better source needed ] [12] [ better source needed ]}

The town is bounded by the municipality of San Luis to the north, the municipality of San Pascual to the east, and the municipality of Mabini to the south/southwest. It is also bordered by Balayan Bay to the west and Batangas Bay to the southeast. Vehicles can access the municipality coming from those towns by way of large thoroughfares such as the Palico-Balayan-Batangas Road, the Bauan-Mabini Road and Makalintal Avenue. Bauan is 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) from Batangas City and 112 kilometers (70 mi) from Manila.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 53.31 square kilometers (20.58 sq mi)  ^[13] constituting 1.71% of the 3,119.75-square-kilometer (1,204.54 sq mi) total area of Batangas.

Barangays

Bauan is politically subdivided into 40 barangays. ^[14] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

PSGC	Barangay	Population			±% p.a.
		2020 [4]		2010 [15]
041006001	Alagao	2.7%	2,496	1,836	▴	3.12%
041006002	Aplaya	8.9%	8,038	7,604	▴	0.56%
041006003	As‑Is	2.6%	2,344	2,239	▴	0.46%
041006004	Bagong Silang	0.5%	457	410	▴	1.09%
041006005	Baguilawa	1.7%	1,535	1,412	▴	0.84%
041006006	Balayong	3.0%	2,746	2,496	▴	0.96%
041006007	Barangay I ( Poblacion )	1.8%	1,619	1,492	▴	0.82%
041006008	Barangay II (Poblacion)	3.5%	3,148	3,062	▴	0.28%
041006009	Barangay III (Poblacion)	0.6%	583	556	▴	0.48%
041006010	Barangay IV (Poblacion)	3.3%	2,977	2,432	▴	2.04%
041006011	Bolo	5.8%	5,311	4,212	▴	2.35%
041006012	Colvo	0.6%	545	495	▴	0.97%
041006013	Cupang	2.1%	1,897	1,808	▴	0.48%
041006014	Durungao	2.0%	1,776	1,487	▴	1.79%
041006015	Gulibay	1.5%	1,352	1,419	▾	−0.48%
041006016	Inicbulan	4.0%	3,674	3,007	▴	2.02%
041006018	Locloc	1.7%	1,517	1,605	▾	−0.56%
041006019	Magalang‑Galang	0.4%	340	345	▾	−0.15%
041006020	Malindig	0.4%	358	391	▾	−0.88%
041006021	Manalupang	1.5%	1,352	1,065	▴	2.41%
041006022	Manghinao Proper	11.9%	10,789	7,974	▴	3.07%
041006023	Manghinao Uno	2.8%	2,556	2,378	▴	0.72%
041006024	New Danglayan	2.1%	1,878	1,757	▴	0.67%
041006025	Orense	0.8%	742	712	▴	0.41%
041006026	Pitugo	0.9%	801	643	▴	2.22%
041006028	Rizal	0.8%	745	699	▴	0.64%
041006029	Sampaguita	0.6%	522	536	▾	−0.26%
041006030	San Agustin	1.2%	1,046	931	▴	1.17%
041006031	San Andres Proper	2.9%	2,674	2,623	▴	0.19%
041006032	San Andres Uno	0.7%	654	584	▴	1.14%
041006033	San Diego	0.6%	521	518	▴	0.06%
041006034	San Miguel	2.0%	1,818	1,829	▾	−0.06%
041006035	San Pablo	0.9%	838	814	▴	0.29%
041006036	San Pedro	2.6%	2,327	2,080	▴	1.13%
041006037	San Roque	7.3%	6,634	6,110	▴	0.83%
041006038	San Teodoro	2.0%	1,788	1,627	▴	0.95%
041006039	San Vicente	0.9%	778	613	▴	2.41%
041006041	Santa Maria	5.6%	5,129	4,763	▴	0.74%
041006042	Santo Domingo	2.7%	2,407	2,285	▴	0.52%
041006044	Sinala	2.8%	2,585	2,502	▴	0.33%
	Total		90,819	81,351	▴	1.11%

Barangay San Teodoro was created in 1953 from the sitio of Pook ng Buhangin from Barrio Ilat and the sitio of Cupang from Barrio Gelerang Kawayan. ^[16] In 1954, the sitio of Jipit in the barrio of San Antonio was converted into the barrio of Santo Niño, ^[17] while the sitio of Pook ni Banal in the Barrio of Malaking Pook was converted into the barrio of Pook ni Banal. ^[18] The next year, sitio Pinagcurusan in barrio Maricaban and sitio Pinagcurusan in barrio Tingloy were constituted into barrio San Jose, ^[19] while sitio Pirasan in barrio Payapa was constituted into the barrio of San Juan. ^[20] In 1956 portions of San Andres and Bolo were separated to form the barrio of San Miguel. ^[21] The next year, sitio Puting Buhangin of barrio Magalanggalang was converted into barrio Orense. ^[22]

Climate

Climate data for Bauan, Batangas
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29 (84)	30 (86)	31 (88)	33 (91)	32 (90)	30 (86)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	30 (86)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	20 (68)	20 (68)	21 (70)	22 (72)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	23 (73)	22 (72)	21 (70)	22 (72)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	11 (0.4)	13 (0.5)	14 (0.6)	32 (1.3)	101 (4.0)	142 (5.6)	208 (8.2)	187 (7.4)	175 (6.9)	131 (5.2)	68 (2.7)	39 (1.5)	1,121 (44.3)
Average rainy days	5.2	5.0	7.4	11.5	19.8	23.5	27.0	25.9	25.2	23.2	15.5	8.3	197.5
Source: Meteoblue [23] (Use with caution: this is modeled/calculated data, not measured locally.)

Demographics

Population census of Bauan

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1903	39,094	—
1918	27,729	−2.26%
1939	37,043	+1.39%
1948	40,168	+0.90%
1960	41,147	+0.20%
1970	36,862	−1.09%
1975	38,200	+0.72%
1980	43,560	+2.66%
1990	59,258	+3.13%
1995	64,190	+1.51%
2000	72,604	+2.68%
2007	79,831	+1.32%
2010	81,351	+0.69%
2015	91,297	+2.22%
2020	90,819	−0.10%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [24] [15] [25] [26]

In the 2020 census, Bauan had a population of 90,819. ^[4] The population density was 1,700 inhabitants per square kilometer (4,400/sq mi).

Economy

Poverty incidence of Bauan

2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 2006 6.10 2009 2.70 2012 4.28 2015 3.26 2018 7.60 2021 10.65 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34]

Bauan is one of three political entities included in Metro Batangas, and as such has contributed to its continuous growth in businesses and population. It is also home to a handful of tourist destinations and points of interest.

Restaurants found in the national capital region Metro Manila have their branches in the town. There are also some shopping centers and malls. Fresh fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish are sold there. Household items such as brooms, appliances, sewing supplies can also be found in the town's market.The town is home to the famous Londres, a soft bread coated in sugar, and Pianono, a rolled bread with cream inside.

While Bauan is known as "the Gateway to Mabini," an adjacent town known for its beaches, Bauan has Sampaguita beach. It is a long, white-sand beach that is relatively underdeveloped but fairly accessible. and is already being flocked by tourists. There is also a river in Bauan called the Abaksa River that can be found in between Inicbulan and Balayong. It is a fairly shallow river with cool waters and is also relatively underdeveloped.

Infrastructure

Bauan International Port

The ICTSI's wholly owned subsidiary, Bauan International Ports, Inc. is developing the $800 million Luzon International Container Terminal (LICT). The country's second-largest container facility which will start its operations in 2028. The largest private marine terminal is a 20-hectare multi-purpose, multi-user terminal along Batangas Bay in Bauan. It has a two million twenty-foot equivalent units capacity, with 900 meters of quay and eight ship-to-shore gantry cranes, handling ro-ro, project and containerized cargo. ^[35]

Notable personalities

• Raneo Abu, ex-politician
• Joshua Garcia, an actor and endorser
• Hermilando Mandanas, incumbent governor of Batangas
• Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, a former associate justice
• Webster Gamier, a Freemason, and the first Metrology Engineer in the Philippines
• Rommel Sandoval, a hero of Marawi siege
• Dennis Datu, ABS-CBN News Reporter

Gallery

• 
  J.P. Rizal St. looking towards north
• 
  Municipal Hall of Bauan
• 
  Immaculada Concepcion Parish Church
• 
  Bauan Plaza Hotel
• 
  Plaza Orense Monument
• 
  Bauan Market

References

1. "Patron Saints of Towns and Cities | Patron Saint of Different Municipalities in the Philippines". Flickr. August 25, 2007. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
2.   Municipality of Bauan | (DILG)
3. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN   0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
4. Census of Population (2020). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved July 8, 2021.
5. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
6. "History of Bauan". Municipality of Bauan. Retrieved July 6, 2023.
7. Hargrove, Thomas (1991). The Mysteries of Taal: A Philippine volcano and lake, her sea life and lost towns. Manila: Bookmark Publishing. pp. 75–101. ISBN   9715690467.
8. Executive Order No. 43 (May 7, 1909), "Creating the Municipality of Alitagtag", Batangas History, Culture and Folklore, retrieved July 6, 2023
9. Republic Act No. 1344 (June 17, 1955), "An Act to Create the Municipality of Tingloy in the Province of Batangas", Chan Robles Virtual Law Library
10. Republic Act No. 6116 (August 4, 1969), "An Act Creating the Municipality of San Pascual in the Province of Batangas", Supreme Court E-Library
11. Beltran, Maria Rona. "SAMPAGUITA BEACH RESORT IN BAUAN, BATANGAS".
12. iviangita (April 27, 2016). "Sampaguita Beach: A Hidden Gem in Batangas".
13. "Province: Batangas". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved November 12, 2016.
14. "Municipal: Bauan". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved January 8, 2016.
15. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved June 29, 2016.
16. "An Act to Create the Barrio of San Teodoro in the Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 9, 2011.
17. "An Act to Convert the Sitio of Jipit, in the Barrio of San Antonio, Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas, into a Barrio to Be Known As the Barrio of Santo Niño". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
18. "An Act to Convert the Sitio of Pook Ni Banal in the Barrio of Malaking Pook, Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas, into a Barrio". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
19. "An Act Creating the Barrio of San Jose, Maricaban Island, Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
20. "An Act Creating the Barrio of San Juan in Maricaban Island, Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
21. "An Act Creating the Barrio of San Miguel in the Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas". LawPH.com. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
22. "An Act Converting the Sitio of Puting Buhangin, Barrio Magalanggalang, Municipality of Bauan, Province of Batangas, into a Barrio of Said Municipality to Be Known As the Barrio of Orense". LawPH.com. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
23. "Bauan: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
24. Census of Population (2015). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved June 20, 2016.
25. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
26. "Province of Batangas". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
27. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
28. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
29. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. March 23, 2009.
30. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 3, 2012.
31. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. May 31, 2016.
32. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 10, 2019.
33. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. December 15, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
34. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
35. Magli, Don (September 11, 2024). "ICTSI announces new container terminal in the Philippines". porttechnology.org. Retrieved September 13, 2024.

Further reading

• Thomas R. Hargrove, The Mysteries of Taal: A Philippine Volcano and Lake, Her Sea Life and Lost Towns

External links

• Media related to Bauan at Wikimedia Commons
• Bauan Official Website Archived February 3, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code