Black Mill, Barham | |
---|---|
![]() The mill when a working mill | |
![]() | |
Origin | |
Mill name | Black Mill Barham Downs Mill |
Grid reference | TR 214 510 |
Coordinates | 51°12′54″N1°10′08″E / 51.215°N 1.169°E |
Year built | 1834 |
Information | |
Purpose | Corn mill |
Type | Smock mill |
Storeys | Three-storey smock |
Base storeys | Two-storey base |
Smock sides | Eight-sided |
No. of sails | Four |
Type of sails | Patent sails |
Windshaft | cast iron |
Winding | Fantail |
Fantail blades | Six blades |
No. of pairs of millstones | Four pairs |
Year lost | 1970 |
Other information | Burnt down while under restoration. |
Black Mill or Barham Downs Mill was a smock mill at Barham, Kent, England which was accidentally burnt down in 1970 while under restoration.
Black Mill was the third mill on the site. There was a mill on Barham Down in the thirteenth century. [1] A mill was marked on Philip Symonson's map of 1596, John Speed's map of 1611, Robert Morden's map of 1695 and Emanuel Bowen's map of 1736. This mill was originally a little lower down the hill, and was moved to a new position higher up. [2]
The second mill was marked on the 1819–43 Ordnance Survey map. [2]
The Black Mill was built by John Holman, the Canterbury millwright in 1834. She was worked for many years by H S Pledge, then R Walter for over 50 years, and after that by T Denne and Sons. The mill was struck by lightning on 17 June 1878 and lost a sail. Over £150 had to be spent to repair the mill. [2] The last owner, Mr E Mannering, fitted the fantail from Willesborough windmill in 1946, [3] and restored the mill in 1956. He was awarded a Windmill Certificate by the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings for his efforts. The work was done by Holman's of Canterbury, the last millwrighting they did before the firm stopped doing millwrighting work. [4] Kent County Council contributed £400 towards the restoration work. [5] The work included the replacement of two sails that had been blown off in a storm on 13 March 1951. [6] [7] The mill featured in the 1955 film "Raising a Riot" starring Kenneth More. [8] The mill was purchased by Kent County Council in the late 1960s and burnt down on 3 March 1970 when a spark from a bonfire set light to the mill. A new stage had been prepared for the restored mill, and this was donated to Draper's Windmill, Margate and erected there by Vincent Pargeter. [9]
Black Mill was a four-storey smock mill mounted on a single-storey brick base. It had four single patent sails mounted on a cast-iron windshaft and was winded by a fantail. The mill drove four pairs of millstones.
New Mill is a Grade II* listed smock mill in Hythe Road, Willesborough, Ashford, Kent. It stands just west of junction 10 of the M20 motorway. It was built in 1869 and is now a museum open to the public.
Union Mill is a Grade I listed smock mill in Cranbrook, Kent, England, which has been restored to working order. It is the tallest smock mill in the United Kingdom.
Beacon Mill is a Grade II listed smock mill in Benenden, Kent, England which is in need of restoration. The mill has been out of use since 1923 and is privately owned.
Charing Windmill is a Grade II listed smock windmill, now converted to a house, on Charing Hill in Kent in southeast England. It is sometimes known as Field Mill, but that name was also used by a watermill in Charing.
Chillenden windmill is a grade II* listed open-trestle post mill north of Chillenden, Kent, England. It is the last post mill built in Kent.
Chislet windmill was a Grade II listed smock mill in Chislet, Kent, England. It was built in 1744 and burnt down on 15 October 2005.
Upper Mill is a Grade II listed house converted smock mill in Eastry, Kent, England. It was built in the mid eighteenth century.
Herne Windmill is a Grade I listed smock mill in Herne, Kent, England, that was built in 1789.
West Kingsdown Windmill is a Grade II listed smock mill in West Kingsdown, Kent, England, that was built in the early nineteenth century at Farningham and moved to West Kingsdown in 1880. It is the survivor of a pair of windmills.
Draper's Windmill or Old Mill is a Grade II listed Smock mill in Margate, Kent, England that was built in 1845.
Killick's Mill is a Grade II* listed smock mill in Meopham, Kent, England that was built in 1801 and which has been restored.
New Mill is a Grade II listed smock mill in Northbourne, Kent, England that was built in 1848 and which has been converted to residential accommodation.
Ripple Windmill is a Grade II listed smock mill in Ringwould, Kent, England, that was built in Drellingore and moved to Ringwould in the early nineteenth century. Having been stripped of machinery and used as a television mast, it has been restored as a working windmill.
St Margaret's Bay Windmill is a Grade II listed Smock mill on South Foreland, the southeasternmost point of England. It was built in 1929 to generate electricity for the attached house, high on the White Cliffs of Dover.
White Mill is a smock mill west of Sandwich, Kent, England that was built in 1760. The mill has been restored and is open to the public as part of the White Mill Rural Heritage Centre. The museum also includes the miller's cottage, which has been furnished to appear as it did between 1900 and 1939. Other displays in the outbuildings include farming and craft tools, wheelwright and blacksmith workshops.
Sarre Windmill is a Grade II listed smock mill in Sarre, Kent, England, that was built in 1820. Formerly restored and working commercially, the mill is now closed.
Davison's Mill, also known as Stelling Minnis Windmill, is a Grade I listed smock mill in Stelling Minnis, Kent, England that was built in 1866. It was the last windmill working commercially in Kent when it closed in the autumn of 1970.
Black Mill, or Borstal Hill Mill is a smock mill in Whitstable, Kent, England that was built in 1815. It is now a part of a private residence at the end of Millers Court.
Lower Mill is a smock mill in Woodchurch, Kent, England that was built in 1820. It was a Scheduled Ancient Monument from 1976 to 1978, and remains a Grade II* listed building.
The city of Canterbury in Kent, England has been served by mills over the centuries. These include animal engines, watermills and windmills.