Baker Street Mill, Orsett

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Orsett Mill
Baker Street Mill.jpg
The converted mill, July 2005
Baker Street Mill, Orsett
Origin
Mill nameBaker Street Mill
Mill location TQ 633 813
Coordinates 51°30′22″N0°21′11″E / 51.506°N 0.353°E / 51.506; 0.353 Coordinates: 51°30′22″N0°21′11″E / 51.506°N 0.353°E / 51.506; 0.353
Operator(s)Private
Year builtLate 18th century
Information
Purpose Corn mill
Type Smock mill
StoreysThree-storey smock
Base storeysTwo-storey base
Smock sidesEight-sided smock
No. of sailsFour sails
Type of sails Double Patent Sails
Windshaft Cast iron
Winding Fantail
Fantail bladesEight blades
Auxiliary powerSteam mill adjoining
No. of pairs of millstonesThree pairs

Baker Street Mill is a grade II listed [1] smock mill at Baker Street, Orsett, Essex, England which has been part adapted to residential use on its lower two floors only.

Contents

History

The derelict mill in 1964 Baker Street Mill 1964.jpg
The derelict mill in 1964

Baker Street Mill is said to have been built in 1765, although a date of 1762 is recorded in the mill. The earliest firm reference for the mill is 1796, this from a sale notice in 1808. It is likely that the mill was raised a storey between 1762 and 1814. The mill was working by wind until 1914. A steam mill was built near the mill towards the end of its working life, a new boiler being supplied in 1906. [2]

The mill gradually became more and more derelict, losing two sails in 1926 to a lightning strike. The windmill and steam mill were converted to residential accommodation in 1982. [2]

Description

Baker Street Mill is a three-storey smock mill on a two-storey brick base, with a stage at first-floor level. The mill had four double patent sails, and the Kentish-style cap is winded by a fantail. [2]

Mill

Baker Street Mill has an octagonal two-storey brick base, the walls of which are almost 3 feet (914 mm) thick at ground level. The base is 20 feet 4 inches (6.20 m) across the flats and 18 feet 6 inches (5.64 m) high, the brickwork at the top of the base is about 18 inches (457 mm) thick. [3]

The smock is 21 feet 8 inches (6.60 m) from sill to curb. The mill is 11 feet (3.35 m) diameter at the curb, the cant posts being about 10 inches (254 mm) square. The stage is at first-floor level, 8 feet 6 inches (2.59 m) above the ground. [3]

The cap is of Kentish style, with blisters for the brake wheel, with an overall height of some 8 feet (2.44 m), giving the mill an overall height of about 46 feet 6 inches (14.17 m). Winding is by an eight-bladed fantail, although originally the mill was winded by hand. [3]

Sails and windshaft

Baker Street Mill has a cast-iron windshaft and four double patent sails. The windshaft was originally a wooden one. The last working sails were an odd pair, the outer pair having eight bays of four shutters and one bay of three, the inner pair having eleven bays of three shutters. [3]

Machinery

The wooden brake wheel is of clasp arm construction, 8 feet (2.44 m) diameter. It has been converted from compass arm construction. The rim is of elm. [3] The Wallower is wooden, as is the upright shaft. The compass arm great spur wheel is 7 feet (2.13 m) diameter, and has six arms. The mill originally worked two pairs of overdrift millstones, with a third pair being added later. [3]

Fantail

Baker Street Mill was winded by an eight-bladed fantail, replacing the original hand winding by means of a Y wheel and chain, which was retained as a standby method of winding the mill.

Millers

References for above:- [2]

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References

  1. ↑ Historic England. "BAKER STREET WINDMILL, BAKER STREET, ORSETT, THURROCK, ESSEX (1111643)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 17 July 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Farries, Kenneth (1985). Essex Windmills, Millers and Millwrights - Volume Four- A Review by Parishes, F-R. Edinburgh: Charles Skilton. pp. 93–94. ISBN   0-284-98642-9.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Farries, Kenneth (1984). Essex Windmills, Millers and Millwrights - Volume Two - A Technical Review. Edinburgh: Charles Skilton. pp. 46–52. ISBN   0-284-98637-2.
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