Westwood Marshes Mill, Walberswick

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Westwood Marshes Mill, Walberswick
Walberswick windpump.jpg
The mill in 2008
Origin
Mill location TM 486 737
Coordinates 52°18′18″N1°38′57″E / 52.30500°N 1.64917°E / 52.30500; 1.64917 Coordinates: 52°18′18″N1°38′57″E / 52.30500°N 1.64917°E / 52.30500; 1.64917
Operator(s)Private
Year builtLate 18th century
Information
Purpose Drainage mill,
Corn mill
Type Tower mill
StoreysThree storeys
No. of sailsFour Sails
Type of sails Common sails
Windshaft Cast Iron
WindingTailpole
No. of pairs of millstonesOne pair
Type of pumpScoop wheel

Westwood Marshes Mill is a Grade II listed [1] tower mill at Walberswick, Suffolk, England which is derelict.

Listed building Protected historic structure in the United Kingdom

A listed building, or listed structure, is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, Cadw in Wales, and the Northern Ireland Environment Agency in Northern Ireland.

Tower mill type of vertical windmill

A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind.

Walberswick human settlement in United Kingdom

Walberswick is a village and civil parish on the Suffolk coast in England. It is at the mouth of the River Blyth on the south side of the river. The town of Southwold lies to the north of the river and is the nearest town to Walberswick, around 1 mile (1.6 km) away. Walberswick is around 11 miles (18 km) south of Lowestoft on the North Sea coast. It is 7 miles (11 km) east of Halesworth and 28 miles (45 km) north-east of the county town of Ipswich.

Contents

History

Westwood Marshes Mill was built in the late 18th century, [1] possibly in 1798. It was worked by wind until 1940 and then damaged when used for target practice during World War II. The mill was repaired in the 1950s but in October 1960 it was burnt out in an arson attack. It remains standing in a derelict state. [2]

World War II 1939–1945, between Axis and Allies

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

Arson crime of willfully and maliciously setting fire to property

Arson is the crime of willfully and maliciously setting fire to or charring property. Though the act typically involves buildings, the term arson can also refer to the intentional burning of other things, such as motor vehicles, watercraft, or forests. The crime is typically classified as a felony, with instances involving a greater degree of risk to human life or property carrying a stricter penalty. A common motive for arson is to commit insurance fraud. In such cases, a person destroys their own property by burning it and then lies about the cause in order to collect against their insurance policy.

Description

Westwood Marshes Mill is a three-storey tower mill. It had a boat-shaped cap which was winded by a tailpole and winch, in a similar manner to the smock mill at Herringfleet. There were four common sails carried on a cast-iron windshaft. The wooden brake wheel drove a wooden wallower which was carried on the wooden upright shaft. This carries a cast-iron spur wheel which drives a cast-iron pit wheel with wooden cogs, carried on a wooden axle, as is the cast-iron scoop wheel with wooden paddles. Only the lower part of the upright shaft and the pit wheel and scoopwheel survived the fire. As well as the scoopwheel, the mill drove a pair of millstones which was used to grind feed for horses on the estate where the mill stood. [3]

Smock mill type of windmill

The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded or thatched tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to smocks worn by farmers in an earlier period.

Millstone stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat

Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat or other grains.

Marshmen

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References

  1. 1 2 Historic England. "OLD WINDPUMP, WALBERSWICK, SUFFOLK COASTAL, SUFFOLK (1198461)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 3 June 2009.
  2. ↑ Dolman, Peter (1978). Windmills in Suffolk. Ipswich: Suffolk Mills Group. p. 46. ISBN   0-9506447-0-6.
  3. ↑ Flint, Brian (1979). Suffolk Windmills. Woodbridge: Boydell. pp. 99–100. ISBN   0-85115-112-4.
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