Butyl isocyanate

Last updated
Butyl isocyanate
Skeletal formula of Butyl isocyanate Butyl isocyanate.svg
Skeletal formula of Butyl isocyanate
Names
IUPAC name
1-isocyanatobutane
Other names
  • 1-butyl isocyanate
  • n-butyl isocyanate
  • BIC
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.512 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 203-862-8
662892
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H9NO/c1-2-3-4-6-5-7/h2-4H2,1H3
    Key: HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • CCCCN=C=O
Properties
C5H9NO
Molar mass 99.133 g·mol−1
Appearancecolourless liquid with a pungent odor
Density 0.89 g/cm3
Melting point −75 °C (−103 °F; 198 K)
Boiling point 115 °C (239 °F; 388 K)
decomposes in water
Hazards
GHS labelling: [1]
GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg GHS-pictogram-acid.svg GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg
Danger
H224, H225, H302, H311, H314, H317, H330, H334, H335
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P333+P317, P342+P316, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
3
2
Related compounds
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Butyl isocyanate is an organic chemical compound of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen with the linear formula CH3(CH2)3NCO. [2] This is the butyl ester of isocyanic acid. [3]

Contents

Synthesis

Butyl isocyanate is usually produced by the reaction between n-butylamine and phosgene. [4] [5]

Physical properties

Butyl isocyanate is a highly reactive chemical compound. Like isocyanic acid and other isocyanates, it is highly toxic. Butyl isocyanate polymerizes upon heating. [6]

The compound forms colourless, tear-inducing liquid with a pungent odor. [7]

Chemical properties

Propyl isocyanate decomposes in water, alcohols, and acids. Also decomposes on burning. [8] Butyl isocyanate can be anionically polymerized into poly(butyl isocyanate) when lanthanum isopropoxide is used as the initiator. [3]

Uses

The compound is used in production of other chemicals.

References

  1. ↑ PubChem. "Butyl isocyanate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-01-20.
  2. ↑ "Butyl isocyanate". TCI Chemicals. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  3. 1 2 "B95736 Butyl isocyanate". Sigma Aldrich . Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  4. ↑ Ashford, Robert D. (2001). Ashford's dictionary of industrial chemicals (2. ed.). London: Wavelength Publications. p. 189. ISBN   0-9522674-2-X . Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  5. ↑ "Butylisocyanate - Preparation Method". chembk.com. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  6. ↑ Watts, Henry; Morley, Henry Forster; Muir, Matthew Moncrieff Pattison (1889). Watts' Dictionary of Chemistry. Longmans, Green. p. 315. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  7. ↑ "N-BUTYL ISOCYANATE" (PDF). NJ.gov. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  8. ↑ "ICSC 1642 - n-BUTYL ISOCYANATE". inchem.org. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
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