Company type | Public |
---|---|
Industry | Engineering |
Founded | 1889 |
Founder | Charles Algernon Parsons |
Defunct | 1997 |
Fate | Acquired |
Successor | Siemens Energy |
Headquarters | , |
Key people | |
Products | Power generation equipment |
Number of employees | 7000 (1960s) |
C. A. Parsons and Company was a British engineering firm which was once one of the largest employers on Tyneside. The company became Reyrolle Parsons in 1968, merged with Clarke Chapman to form Northern Engineering Industries in 1977, and became part of Rolls-Royce in 1989. Today the company is part of Siemens Energy.
The company was founded by Charles Algernon Parsons in 1889 to produce steam turbines, his own invention. [1] At the beginning of the 20th century, the company was producing up to 50 turbines a year at its factory in Heaton in Newcastle upon Tyne. [2]
Charles Algernon Parsons' son Algernon George "Tommy" Parsons joined the company as a director, but when he was called up for military service in the First World War, he was replaced by his sister, Rachel Mary Parsons, who was one of the first women to study engineering at University of Cambridge. [3] During the First World War, the Parsons’ Works on Shields Road employed a large number of women on the factory floor. [4] Following her brother's death during the war, Rachel Parsons did not resume her role as a director of the Heaton Works. [3]
Sir Claude Gibb joined the company in the 1920s and became the company's chairman and managing director by the 1940s. [5] During the Second World War the company assisted with the war effort to equip troops. [6] Between 1945 and 1960 the company grew in size three-fold and large parts of the company's works at Heaton, Walkergate and Longbenton Works were rebuilt and expanded. [6] In 1951 the original 1889 workshop was demolished and replaced with a six-storey office block. [6] The company's heyday was in the 1960s, when the factory employed more than 7,000 people at its 100 acres (40 ha) site. [2]
Parsons also patented and made novel searchlight mirrors between 1894 and 1923. [7]
Nuclear power stations using Parsons steam turbines include Bradwell, Calder Hall, Dungeness, Heysham 2 and Oldbury in England [8] and Chapelcross and Hunterston in Scotland. [9]
Parsons took over the turbine and generator factories in Erith and Witton of the General Electric Company in the 1960s. [10] The company merged with A. Reyrolle & Company to form Reyrolle Parsons in 1968. [11] In 1977 Reyrolle Parsons merged with Clarke Chapman to form Northern Engineering Industries, which itself was acquired by Rolls-Royce in 1989. [11]
The company survives today as part of Siemens Energy after Siemens acquired the business from Rolls-Royce in 1997. [12] The Heaton Works site was renamed as the CA Parsons Works in honour of its founder. In the 2000s the operations at the Heaton works were severely cut to focus mainly on the servicing side of the business, concentrating manufacturing operations at the company's factories in Mülheim and Budapest. [2]
Parsons turbines are on display in several museums in the UK, and across the world. These include the Discovery Museum in Newcastle, the Science Museum in London, and the Electric Power and Historical Museum, in Yokohama, Japan. [2]
Tyne and Wear is a ceremonial county in North East England. It borders Northumberland to the north and County Durham to the south, and the largest settlement is the city of Newcastle upon Tyne.
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Sir Charles Algernon Parsons was an English mechanical engineer known for his invention of the compound steam turbine, and as the eponym of C. A. Parsons and Company. He worked as an engineer on dynamo and turbine design, and power generation, with great influence on the naval and electrical engineering fields. He also developed optical equipment for searchlights and telescopes.
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Turbinia was the first steam turbine-powered steamship. Built as an experimental vessel in 1894, and easily the fastest ship in the world at that time, Turbinia was demonstrated dramatically at the Spithead Navy Review in 1897 and set the standard for the next generation of steamships, the majority of which would be turbine powered. The vessel is currently located at the Discovery Museum in Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England, while her original powerplant is located at the Science Museum in London.
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Clayton Equipment Company Ltd, now known simply as Clayton Equipment Ltd or CEC and CEL, is a locomotive construction company that specialises in rail equipment, design and build, tunnelling, mining, metro, mainline and shunter locomotives.
Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company was a British engineering company based on the River Tyne at Wallsend, North East England.
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Rachel Mary Parsons (1885–1956), was an English engineer and advocate for women's employment rights, was the founding President of the Women's Engineering Society in Britain on 23 June 1919.
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