Chukrasia

Last updated

Indian mahogany
Chukrasia tabularis (2558807658).jpg
Taimareng (Manipuri- taaiimr'eng) (4511097120).jpg
C. tabularis flowers, leaves and capsule
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Meliaceae
Subfamily: Cedreloideae
Genus: Chukrasia
A.Juss.
Species:
C. tabularis
Binomial name
Chukrasia tabularis
A.Juss.
Synonyms
  • Chickrassia nimmoniiJ. Graham ex Wight
  • Chickrassia tabularisWight & Arn.
  • Chickrassia tabularis var. velutina(M. Roem.) King
  • Chickrassia velutina M. Roem.
  • Chukrasia chickrassa (Roxb.) J.Schultze-Motel
  • Chukrasia nimmonii Graham ex Wight
  • Chukrasia tabularis var. dongnaiensis (Pierre) Pellegr.
  • Chukrasia tabularis var. macrocarpa(Pierre) Pellegr.
  • Chukrasia tabularis var. microcarpa (Pierre) Pellegr.
  • Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina(M. Roem.) Pellegr.
  • Chukrasia trilocularis (G.Don) M.Roem.
  • Chukrasia velutina M.Roem.
  • Chukrasia velutina (M. Roem.) C. DC.
  • Chukrasia velutina var. dongnaiensisPierre
  • Chukrasia velutina var. macrocarpaPierre
  • Chukrasia velutina var. microcarpaPierre
  • Dysoxylum esquiroliiH.Lév. [2]
  • Melia tomentosaKurz
  • Plagiotaxis chickrassaWall.
  • Plagiotaxis velutinaWall.
  • Surenus velutinaKuntze
  • Swietenia trilocularisRoxb. ex G.Don
  • Swietenia velutina(M.Roem.) Wall. ex Kurz
  • Swietenia villosaWall. ex Kurz
  • Toona velutinaM.Roem.
  • Toona villosaM.Roem.
  • Sapindus multijugusWall. ex Hiern

Chukrasia tabularis, the Indian mahogany, is a deciduous, tropical forest tree species in the Mahogany Family (Meliaceae). It is native to the Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. [3] Also introduced to many western countries such as Cameroon, Costa Rica, Nigeria, Puerto Rico, South Africa, and United States. [4]

Contents

The genus Chukrasia is monotypic, with previously recognised species now considered to be synonyms. [5] "C. velutina" (this species) is listed as the provincial flower and tree of Phrae Province, Thailand [6] and is widely used in Ayurveda as an important medicinal plant.

Description

The trees are tall with a cylindrical bole and spreading crown. C. velutina leaves are abruptly pinnate or bipinnate with leaflets that alternate or are subopposite, entire and unequal at the base. The erect, oblong flowers, which are rather large and born in terminal panicles, possess four to five petals. Mature fruits are a septifragally three to five valved capsule. [4] This is one of the largest trees of South Asia and the East Indies One specimen near Kanchanaburi, Thailand measures 21 m (69 ft) girth and is 65 m (213 ft) height. [7]

Chemical constituents

Leaves of C. velutina contain quercetin and its 3-galactoside, galloyl glucoside, tannic acid and a flavone. The bark contains sitosterol, melianone, scopoletin, 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, tetranorterpenes and tabularin. The wood contains bussein homologue and chukrasins A, B, C, D and F. The root contains a triterpene, cedrelone. Seeds contain tetranorterpenes, phragmalin esters and 12 α-OAc-phyramalin. [8] Four new meliacin esters 3,30-diisobutyrates and 3-isobutyrate-30-propionates of phragmalin and 12-acetoxyphragmalin have also been isolated from seeds. [9] [ page needed ]

Common names

[11]

References

  1. ↑ Barstow, M. (2018). "Chukrasia tabularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T32651A68080787. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T32651A68080787.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ↑ "Chukrasia tabularis A.Juss. — the Plant List".
  3. ↑ "Chukrasia tabularis - MELIACEAE".
  4. 1 2 "Chukrasia tabularis" (PDF). Agroforestree Database. World Agroforestry Centre. 2009.
  5. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Chukrasia The Plant List
  6. ↑ Website of province Archived 2012-01-17 at the Wayback Machine (Thai)
  7. ↑ Eungwijarnpanga, Supachote (n.d.). "Shoot Borers of Meliaceae in Thailand" (PDF). Retrieved January 18, 2005. Page 22 of this Adobe document.
  8. ↑ Asolkar, L.V.; Kakkar, K.K.; Chakre, O.J. (1992). Second Supplement to Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants with active principles. Part-1 (A-K).
  9. ↑ Rastogi, Ram P.; Mehrotra, B.N. (1993). Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. 2. New Delhi, India: Lucknow and Publications & Information Directorate.
  10. ↑ "Ayurvedic Plants of Sri Lanka: Plants Details".
  11. ↑ "Chukrasia tabularis - Chikrasi".
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