Diplacus aurantiacus

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Diplacus aurantiacus
Mimulus aurantiacus.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Phrymaceae
Genus: Diplacus
Species:
D. aurantiacus
Binomial name
Diplacus aurantiacus
Synonyms [1]
  • Mimulus aurantiacusCurtis
  • Diplacus glutinosus var. aurantiacus(Curtis) Lindl.

Diplacus aurantiacus, the sticky monkey-flower or orange bush monkey-flower, is a flowering plant that grows in a subshrub form, native to southwestern North America from southwestern Oregon south through most of California. It is a member of the lopseed family, Phrymaceae. It was formerly known as Mimulus aurantiacus. [2] [1] [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Description

Diplacus aurantiacus grows up to 1.2 meters (4 feet) tall, has deep green, sticky leaves 3 to 7 centimeters long and up to a centimeter broad and flowering stems that grow vertically. [2] The flowers are tubular at the base and about 2 centimeters long with five broad lobes; they occur in a variety of shades from white to red, the most common color being a light orange. They are honey plants pollinated by bees and hummingbirds.

It grows in many climates and will thrive in many types of soil, wet, dry, sandy, or rocky. It even grows in serpentine, a soil that most plants have difficulty thriving in because of its unique mineral composition.

Diplacus aurantiacus is an important host plant for the larvae of the common buckeye butterfly (Junonia coenia) and the variable checkerspot (Euphydryas chalcedona), [6] despite a phenolic resin in the leaves which deter its feeding. [7] This resin also helps the plant retain water in dry environments. [7]

Cultivation

This bushy evergreen shrub can be short-lived in cultivation. The species and its cultivars are used in water conserving, native plant, and habitat gardens. [8] It is often grown under glass in temperate zones. In the UK it has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [9]

Traditional Native American medical plant

The Miwok and Pomo Native Americans used the plant to treat minor ailments such as sores, burns, diarrhea, and eye irritation. They used the colorful flowers for decorative purposes. [10]

Ecology

Diplacus aurantiacus supports multiple species of caterpillars, including the Variable Checkerspot, and also supports hummingbirds. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Diplacus rupicola</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus rupicola, the Death Valley monkeyflower, is a flowering plant in the family Phrymaceae.

<i>Diplacus angustatus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus angustatus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common names purplelip pansy monkeyflower and narrowleaf pansy monkeyflower.

<i>Diplacus bigelovii</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus bigelovii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Bigelow's monkeyflower. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in desert and slope habitats. It was formerly known as Mimulus bigelovii.

Diplacus bolanderi is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Bolander's monkeyflower.

<i>Diplacus brevipes</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus brevipes is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name widethroat yellow monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus brevipes.

Diplacus clevelandii is an uncommon species of monkeyflower known by the common name Cleveland's bush monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus clevelandii.

Diplacus congdonii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Congdon's monkeyflower.

<i>Erythranthe floribunda</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe floribunda is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name many-flowered monkeyflower. It is native to western North America from western Canada to California and northern Mexico, to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of habitat, especially moist areas. It was formerly known as Mimulus floribundus.

<i>Diplacus fremontii</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus fremontii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Frémont's monkeyflower. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat, especially moist or disturbed areas. It was formerly known as Mimulus fremontii.

<i>Diplacus mephiticus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus mephiticus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common names skunky monkeyflower and foul odor monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus mephiticus.

<i>Diplacus mohavensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus mohavensis is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Mojave monkeyflower.

<i>Diplacus nanus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus nanus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name dwarf purple monkeyflower. It is native to California and the Northwestern United States to Montana. It grows in moist habitat, often in bare or disturbed soils. It was formerly known as Mimulus nanus.

<i>Diplacus pictus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus pictus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name calico monkeyflower.

Diplacus pulchellus is an uncommon species of monkeyflower known by the common name yellowlip pansy monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus pulchellus.

<i>Diplacus pygmaeus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus pygmaeus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Egg Lake monkeyflower.

Diplacus rattanii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Rattan's monkeyflower.

<i>Diplacus torreyi</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus torreyi is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Torrey's monkeyflower.

<i>Diplacus tricolor</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus tricolor is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name tricolor monkeyflower. It is native to Oregon and California. It grows in seasonally wet habitats such as meadows and vernal pools, including those in the San Joaquin Valley and near north coast oak woodlands. It was formerly known as Mimulus tricolor.

Diplacus viscidus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name sticky monkeyflower.

Diplacus whitneyi is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Harlequin monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus lewisii.

References

  1. 1 2 Barker, W.R.; Nesom, G.L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Fraga, N.S. (2012), "A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscriptions for Mimulus, new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations" (PDF), Phytoneuron, 2012–39: 1–60
  2. 1 2 Mimulus aurantiacus. The Jepson Manual.
  3. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00347.x . JSTOR   3448862. PMID   12894947. S2CID   14119163.
  4. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR   4122195. PMID   21665709.
  5. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.3.474 . JSTOR   4123743. PMID   21653403.
  6. ↑ Mimulus aurantiacus. California Wildflowers. California Academy of Sciences.
  7. 1 2 Han, K.; Lincoln, D. E. (1994). "The evolution of carbon allocation to plant secondary metabolites: a genetic analysis of cost in Diplacus aurantiacus". Evolution. 48 (5): 1550–63. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb02195.x . JSTOR   2410247. PMID   28568412. S2CID   10252479.
  8. ↑ Nickel, E. Mimulus are exotic natives of California. San Francisco Chronicle August 8, 2013.
  9. ↑ "Mimulus auriantacus". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  10. ↑ Sticky Monkey Flower. Presidio of San Francisco. National Park Service.
  11. ↑ Bush Monkey Flower, California Native Plant Society.
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