Discipline | ||||
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Studio album by | ||||
Released | 2 October 1981 | |||
Recorded | May and June 1981 | |||
Studio | Island (Notting Hill, London) | |||
Genre | ||||
Length | 38:15 | |||
Label | ||||
Producer |
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King Crimson chronology | ||||
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King Crimson studio chronology | ||||
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Singles from Discipline | ||||
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Discipline is the eighth studio album by English progressive rock band King Crimson,released on 2 October 1981 by E.G. Records in the United Kingdom and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. [1]
This album was King Crimson's first following a seven-year hiatus. Only band co-founder and guitarist Robert Fripp and drummer Bill Bruford remained from the previous incarnation. They were joined by two American musicians:vocalist,guitarist and frontman Adrian Belew,previously a member of Frank Zappa and David Bowie's backing bands and a touring member of Talking Heads,and bassist,Chapman Stick player,and backing vocalist Tony Levin,a session musician Fripp had met while both were working with Peter Gabriel. [2] The album introduced a new sound for the band,influenced by new wave,post-punk,minimalism and Indonesian gamelan music, [2] [3] while retaining an experimental character,helping lay the groundwork for what would eventually become known as post-progressive rock. [4]
The musical style of Discipline has been described as art rock, [5] progressive rock, [5] new wave, [6] post-progressive, [7] and dance-rock. [8]
The title of the ballad "Matte Kudasai" means “please wait”in Japanese (待って下さい). The original release of Discipline featured a guitar part on this track by Robert Fripp that was removed from the 1989 "Definitive Edition" remaster and most subsequent editions. The 30th and 35th anniversary editions of the album include both versions of the song. [9]
The lyrics of "Indiscipline" were adapted from a letter written to Adrian Belew by his then-wife Margaret concerning a painting that she had made,with all direct references to its subject removed. [10]
"Thela Hun Ginjeet" is an anagram of "heat in the jungle". When it was first performed live,some of its lyrics were improvised around an illicit recording made by Robert Fripp of his neighbours having a vicious argument when he was living in New York;this recording is featured on the track "NY3" on Fripp's solo album Exposure .[ citation needed ] While the track was being recorded for the Discipline album,Adrian Belew,walking around Notting Hill Gate with a tape recorder looking for lyrical inspiration,was harassed first by a gang that took and played the tape and then by police who searched the tape recorder for drugs. On returning to the studio,he gave his bandmates a distraught account of what had just happened to him. Fripp covertly signaled to the recording engineer to record Belew,and this recording is featured on the Discipline version of the track. [11]
"The Sheltering Sky",which heavily features Belew and Fripp on the Roland GR-300 guitar synthesizer, [12] is named after and partially inspired by the 1949 novel of the same name by Paul Bowles. Bowles is often associated with the Beat generation,the writings of which would inspire King Crimson's subsequent studio album Beat .
Some live versions of "Elephant Talk","Indiscipline",and "Thela Hun Ginjeet" included partial vocal improvisation during the spoken-word sections. [13]
The back cover features the statement,"Discipline is never an end in itself,only a means to an end". The original front cover features a variation on a copyrighted Celtic knot design by George Bain. [14] As it was found to be used without proper licensing,it was replaced on later releases by a knotwork designed by Steve Ball on commission from Robert Fripp. [15] [16] Ball's design is also used as the logo of Fripp's record label,Discipline Global Mobile.
Review scores | |
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Source | Rating |
All About Jazz | [17] |
AllMusic | [18] |
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | [19] |
Mojo | [20] |
MusicHound Rock | [21] |
Q | [22] |
Record Mirror | [23] |
Rolling Stone | [24] |
The Rolling Stone Album Guide | [25] |
The Village Voice | B [26] |
Discipline reached number 41 on the UK Albums Chart [27] and received mixed to positive reviews. John Piccarella's review in Rolling Stone praised King Crimson's talent and artistry,particularly Belew and Fripp's "visionary approach to guitar playing",but criticised the "arty content" of the album itself,hoping that "this band of virtuosos [would stay] together long enough to transform all of their experiments into innovations." [24] Record Mirror 's Alan Entwistle was generally enthusiastic,writing that the band "tests new ground and revitalises older ground";he highlighted the "more mature" second side of the album,noting its "distinct songs that are danceable as well as disciplined". [23] Robert Christgau of The Village Voice described the album as "not bad—the Heads meet the League of Gentlemen". [26] In The Village Voice's year-end Pazz &Jop poll,Discipline was voted by critics as the 35th best album of the year. [28]
Greg Prato's retrospective review in AllMusic commended the album's "inspired performances",particularly applauding the unexpectedly successful combination of Belew and Fripp's disparate playing styles. According to Prato,"the pairing of these two originals worked out magically." [18] Trouser Press characterised the album's songs as "unfolding musical sculptures,played with precision and rare imagination" and "a mostly successful synthesis of ambition,simplicity and Kraftwerkian clarity." [8]
In 2002, Pitchfork ranked Discipline at number 56 on its list of "The Top 100 Albums of the 1980s";in the album's entry on the list,staff writer Dominique Leone cited it as an influence on math rock and called it "as angular and tense as any post-punk group while as precise and rhythmically propulsive as a Bartók string quartet." [29]
All music written by Robert Fripp,Adrian Belew,Tony Levin and Bill Bruford;all lyrics written by Adrian Belew.
No. | Title | Length |
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1. | "Elephant Talk" | 4:43 |
2. | "Frame by Frame" | 5:09 |
3. | "Matte Kudasai" | 3:47 |
4. | "Indiscipline" | 4:33 |
No. | Title | Length |
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5. | "Thela Hun Ginjeet" | 6:26 |
6. | "The Sheltering Sky" (instrumental) | 8:22 |
7. | "Discipline" (instrumental) | 5:13 |
Chart (1981–82) | Peak position |
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Canada Top Albums/CDs ( RPM ) [32] | 18 |
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) [33] | 43 |
French Albums (SNEP) [34] | 17 |
Japanese Albums (Oricon) [35] | 33 |
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) [36] | 13 |
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) [37] | 37 |
UK Albums (OCC) [38] | 41 |
US Billboard 200 [39] | 45 |
King Crimson were an English-based progressive rock band formed in 1968 in London. Led by guitarist Robert Fripp, they drew inspiration from a wide variety of music, incorporating elements of classical, jazz, folk, heavy metal, gamelan, blues, industrial, electronic, experimental music and new wave. They exerted a strong influence on the early 1970s progressive rock movement, including on contemporaries such as Yes and Genesis, and continue to inspire subsequent generations of artists across multiple genres. The band has earned a large cult following, especially in the 21st century.
Robert Fripp is an English musician, songwriter, record producer, and author, best known as the guitarist, founder and longest-lasting member of the progressive rock band King Crimson. He has worked extensively as a session musician and collaborator, notably with David Bowie, Blondie, Brian Eno, Peter Gabriel, Daryl Hall, the Roches, Talking Heads, and David Sylvian. He also composed the startup sound of Windows Vista operating system, in collaboration with Tucker Martine and Steve Ball. His discography includes contributions to more than 700 official releases.
Three of a Perfect Pair is the tenth studio album by English progressive rock band King Crimson, released on 23 March 1984 in the UK by E.G. Records. It is the group's final studio album to feature the quartet of Robert Fripp, Adrian Belew, Tony Levin and Bill Bruford, which broke up later that year, though all four would appear in the sextet lineup featured on THRAK in 1995.
Beat is the ninth studio album by the British rock band King Crimson, released on 18 June 1982 by E.G. Records. It was the second King Crimson album to feature the lineup of Robert Fripp, Adrian Belew, Tony Levin and Bill Bruford, and the first ever King Crimson album to feature the same lineup as its predecessor.
The Construkction of Light is the twelfth studio album by English band King Crimson, released in May 2000 by record label Virgin. It is the first of two studio albums to feature the "double duo" line-up of Robert Fripp, Adrian Belew, Trey Gunn and Pat Mastelotto. It is the only King Crimson studio album not to chart in the US.
Absent Lovers: Live in Montreal is a live album by the band King Crimson, recorded 11 July 1984, and released in 1998. This was taken from the final night of their 1984 tour and would subsequently be King Crimson's last performance until the warm-up shows in Argentina ten years later for the later-to-be-released album THRAK.
B'Boom: Live in Argentina is a live album by the band King Crimson, released in 1995. All songs were recorded between 6 and 16 October 1994 at the Broadway Theatre in Buenos Aires, Argentina, except for "Heartbeat" which was recorded in Córdoba.
Live in Berkeley, CA is a live album by the band King Crimson, recorded at the Greek Theatre, Berkeley, California, United States, on August 13, 1982. It was released through the King Crimson Collectors' Club in May 2001.
Vrooom is an EP by the band King Crimson, classified as a mini-album due to its length. It was released in 1994 as a companion to the subsequent full length album THRAK (1995). It is the first King Crimson release to feature the “double trio” of guitarists Robert Fripp and Adrian Belew, bassists Trey Gunn and Tony Levin, and drummers Bill Bruford and Pat Mastelotto.
THRAK is the eleventh studio album by the band King Crimson released in 1995 through Virgin Records. It was preceded by the mini-album VROOOM in 1994. It was their first full-length studio album since Three of a Perfect Pair eleven years earlier, and the only full album to feature the "double trio" lineup of Robert Fripp, Adrian Belew, Tony Levin, Trey Gunn, Bill Bruford and Pat Mastelotto. It is the group's final studio album to feature Bruford or Levin.
"Matte Kudasai" literally "Wait, Please" in Japanese, is a ballad by the progressive rock band King Crimson. Featuring vocals by Adrian Belew, it was released as the first single from the album Discipline (1981). In the UK, the single just missed the chart.
"Sleepless" is a song by the band King Crimson, released as a single in 1984. The track is best known for its distinctive opening bass-line which features Tony Levin slapping on the strings to create a pulsating beat, and for the music video in which all four members of the band appeared.
"Thela Hun Ginjeet" is a single by the band King Crimson, released in 1981 and on the album Discipline (1981). The song name is an anagram of "heat in the jungle", which is a reference to crime in the city.
Discipline Global Mobile is an independent record label founded in 1992 by Robert Fripp and producer/online content developer David Singleton. DGM has released solo music by Fripp as well as work by various affiliated musicians and bands including King Crimson, The Vicar, the California Guitar Trio and others. The label has offices in Salisbury, England, and Los Angeles, California.
The ProjeKcts are a succession of spin-off projects associated with the band King Crimson.
"Larks' Tongues in Aspic" is a musical suite by the English progressive rock band King Crimson. Spanning thirty years and four albums, the series comprises five parts, all of which carry unifying musical motifs. Parts I and II were released as the introductory and final tracks on King Crimson's 1973 album of the same name, part III was featured on their 1984 album Three of a Perfect Pair, part IV appeared on 2000's The Construkction of Light, and the final part, "Level Five", was included on the 2003 album The Power to Believe. Despite breaking the naming convention, Robert Fripp, King Crimson founder and only constant contributor to the suite, insists that "Level Five" is part of the pentalogy.
Live at the Orpheum is a live album by the band King Crimson, released by Discipline Global Mobile records in 2015. The album was recorded on 30 September and 1 October at the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles, California on the band's The Elements of King Crimson US tour of 2014.
THRAK is the fifth of the major box set releases from English progressive rock group King Crimson, released in 2015 by Discipline Global Mobile & Panegyric Records.
Discipline: Live at Moles Club, Bath 1981 is a live album by the band King Crimson, the 11th album released through the King Crimson Collectors' Club in June 2000. The original release of this album is credited to "Discipline" which was the original name of this lineup before it was changed to King Crimson.
We are listening to the alternative version of "Matte" with RF on sustained guitar lines and solo. This is the version included on the original 1981 "Discipline" release, and was later replaced by the original pre-overdub minimalist mix on releases after 1989. In Island studios, recording and mixing of the album completed, Adrian & I agreed that something more was needed for "Matte". He left it to me to come up with something, flew home, but when he heard my contribution wasn't convinced. I agree. This new re-release gives us the opportunity to include both versions, in accordance with a suggestion made a while ago on the Guestbook.