ESO 415-G26

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ESO 415-G26
Image of ESO 415-G26.png
ESO 415-G26 imaged with DESI Legacy Surveys
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Fornax
Right ascension 02h 28m 20.10s [1]
Declination −31° 52′ 51.59″ [1]
Redshift 0.015357 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 4,604 km/s ± 14 [1]
Distance 210 Mly
Apparent magnitude  (B)14.6
Characteristics
Type S0^0^: pec [1]
Size~158,000  ly (48.3  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Other designations
2dFGRS S463Z190, AM 0226-320, PRC A-02, PGC 9408, MCG -05-07-001, 6dF J0228201-315252 [1]

ESO 415-G26 is a peculiar lenticular galaxy [2] located in the constellation of Fornax. The redshift of the object is (z) 0.015 [1] and it was first documented by B.A. Vorontsov-Vel'Yaminov in the Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies in 1968, where it was designated as MCG-05-07-001. [3] This galaxy has also been classified as a polar ring galaxy. [4] [5] [6]

Contents

Description

ESO 415-G26 is a polar ring galaxy. It has a nearly edge-on appearance, with the entire galaxy being a dominant luminous component. The central nucleus of the galaxy is reddened and its polar ring structure is mainly bluer compared to its host galaxy. Neutral hydrogen is located along the position angle of the polar ring axis. The total H I mass is estimated to be around 5.6 x 109 Mʘ. [4] The distribution of H I gas is mainly asymmetric, with the central peak offset from its optical center. The contour lines of the H I gas are round when compared to the optical ring, extending outwards in a butterfly-like shape. [7] A further study also found the H I gas is extended as well, and described as face-on with some kind of a spiral-like structure in the contour areas. [8]

A study published in 2000, found the polar ring structure of ESO 415-G26 is less extended when compared to its own stellar disk. [9] Furthermore, there is a loop feature seen on the northern side of the galaxy, about 43 arcseconds from the nucleus and also shell features in the northwest direction. A faint outer envelope is seen extending outwards from the galaxy's main body. This is likely to be classified as stellar debris that resulted from the merger of a small gas-rich galaxy and a lenticular galaxy around one to three billion years ago. The galaxy rotation curve of the polar ring structure is extended further than that seen in NGC 4650A in terms of linear measure, with the eastern side of the curve depicted as mainly flat. The total estimated mass of the outermost radius is around 1.2 x 1010 Mʘ. [10]

One small companion, PGC 9331, is known to lie 310 kiloparsecs away from ESO 415-G26, with its redshift shown to differ by around 52 kilometers per second. Other studies also show the atomic gas content of ESO 415-G26 is shown to recede at only 150 kilometers per second. [11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "NED Search results for ESO 415-G26". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2026-01-02.
  2. ↑ Marino, A.; Iodice, E.; Tantalo, R.; Piovan, L.; Bettoni, D.; Buson, L. M.; Chiosi, C.; Galletta, G.; Rampazzo, R.; Rich, R. M. (2009-12-01). "GALEX UV properties of the polar ring galaxy MCG-05-07-001 and the shell galaxies NGC 1210 and NGC 5329" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 508 (3): 1235–1252. arXiv: 0909.4020 . Bibcode:2009A&A...508.1235M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911819. ISSN   0004-6361.
  3. ↑ Vorontsov-Vel'Yaminov, B. A.; Arkhipova, V. P. (1968). "Morphological catalogue of galaxies. Part IV. Catalogue of 5410 galaxies between declinations -9 and -33". Trudy Gosudarstvennogo Astronomicheskogo Instituta. 38: 1–206. Bibcode:1968TrSht..38....1V. ISSN   0371-6791.
  4. 1 2 Iodice, E.; Arnaboldi, M.; Sparke, L. S.; Gallagher, J. S.; Freeman, K. C. (2002-06-04). "Near-Infrared photometry in the J, H and Kn bands for Polar Ring Galaxies: I. Data, structural parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 391: 103. arXiv: astro-ph/0206055 . Bibcode:2002A&A...391..103I. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020738 . Retrieved 2026-01-02.
  5. ↑ Schweizer, F.; Whitmore, B. C.; Rubin, V. C. (July 1983). "Colliding and merging galaxies. II. SO galaxies with polar rings". The Astronomical Journal. 88: 909–925. Bibcode:1983AJ.....88..909S. doi:10.1086/113377. ISSN   0004-6256.
  6. ↑ Lucas, R. A. (1993). "Polar ring galaxies : interactions and mergers frozen in time". Mercury. 22 (5): 7–12. Bibcode:1993Mercu..22....6L. ISSN   0047-6773.
  7. ↑ van Gorkom, J. H.; Schechter, Paul L.; Kristian, Jerome (March 1987). "H i Maps of S0 Galaxies with Polar Rings". The Astrophysical Journal. 314: 457. Bibcode:1987ApJ...314..457V. doi:10.1086/165078. ISSN   0004-637X.
  8. ↑ Schiminovich, David; van Gorkom, J. H.; van der Hulst, J. M. (2013-01-09). "EXTENDED NEUTRAL HYDROGEN IN THE ALIGNED SHELL GALAXIES Arp 230 AND MCG –5-7-1: FORMATION OF DISKS IN MERGING GALAXIES?". The Astronomical Journal. 145 (2): 34. Bibcode:2013AJ....145...34S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/145/2/34. ISSN   0004-6256.
  9. ↑ van Driel, W.; Arnaboldi, M.; Combes, F.; Sparke, L. S. (February 2000). "A neutral hydrogen survey of polar ring galaxies. III. Nançay observations and comparison with published data" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 141 (3): 385–408. Bibcode:2000A&AS..141..385V. doi:10.1051/aas:2000321. ISSN   0365-0138.
  10. ↑ Whitmore, Bradley C.; McElroy, Douglas B.; Schweizer, Francois (March 1987). "The Shape of the Dark Halo in Polar-Ring Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 314: 439. Bibcode:1987ApJ...314..439W. doi:10.1086/165077. ISSN   0004-637X.
  11. ↑ Galletta, G.; Sage, L. J.; Sparke, L. S. (February 1997). "Molecular gas in polar-ring galaxies" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 284 (3): 773–784. doi: 10.1093/mnras/284.3.773 . ISSN   0035-8711.
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