Eucalyptus cinerea

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Argyle apple
Eucalyptus cinerea habit.jpg
Eucalyptus cinerea in the Hughes Garran Woodland, Canberra
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. cinerea
Binomial name
Eucalyptus cinerea
E. cinerea.JPG
E. cinerea, field distribution

Eucalyptus cinerea, commonly known as the Argyle apple, mealy stringbark [3] or silver dollar tree, [4] is a species of small- to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, usually only juvenile, glaucous, egg-shaped evergreen leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and conical to bell-shaped fruit.

Contents

leaves, buds, flowers and fruit Eucalyptus cinerea leaves.jpg
leaves, buds, flowers and fruit

Description

Eucalyptus cinerea is a tree that typically grows to a height of 15–30 m (49–98 ft) tall and forms a lignotuber. It has thick, fibrous, reddish brown to grey brown, longitudinally fissured bark on the trunk to the small branches. The leaves on young plants and on coppice regrowth are arranged in opposite pairs, sessile, glaucous, broadly egg-shaped to more or less round, up to 80 mm (3.1 in) long and 50 mm (2.0 in) wide. Intermediate leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, glaucous, egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 48–90 mm (1.9–3.5 in) long and 20–45 mm (0.79–1.77 in) wide on a petiole 4–15 mm (0.16–0.59 in) long. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, lance-shaped, 90–140 mm (3.5–5.5 in) long and 15–50 mm (0.59–1.97 in) wide on a petiole up to 11 mm (0.43 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of three in leaf axils on a peduncle 2–9 mm (0.079–0.354 in) long, the individual buds sessile or on a pedicel up to 3 mm (0.12 in) long. Mature buds are glaucous, diamond-shaped, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with a conical operculum. Flowering occurs between May and November and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, conical to bell-shaped capsule 4–7 mm (0.16–0.28 in) long and 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) wide with the valves level with the rim or slightly beyond. [3] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus cinerea was first formally described by the botanist George Bentham in 1867 from the herbarium of Ferdinand von Mueller, and the description was published in Flora Australiensis . [9] [10] The specific epithet (cinerea) is a Latin word meaning "ash-coloured" or "grey" [11] referring to the white, waxy bloom on the foliage, buds and fruit of this species. [3]

Two subspecies of E. cinerea have been described and the names accepted by the Australian Plant Census: [12]

A third subspecies, subspecies victoriensis was described in 2018. It is the tallest subspecies and has adult leaves in its crown. [6] [15]

The Wiradjuri people of New South Wales use the name gundhay for the species. [16]

Distribution and habitat

Argyle apple is typically found from north of Bathurst (33° S), in central west New South Wales, to the Beechworth area of Victoria (36° S). [8] It is often part of grassy or sclerophyll woodland communities growing in shallow and relatively infertile soils usually as part of the understorey. Subspecies cinerea occurs in the Australian Capital Territory and Captains Flat in New South Wales and subspecies triplex in the Australian Capital Territory and Captains Flat in New South Wales. [5] Subspecies victoriensis is only known from hilly country near Beechworth in Victoria. [6]

Aboriginal uses

The Wiradjuri people of NSW use the bark and timber of the species to make tools, string and rope, shelters and to make fire. [16]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus preissiana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus globulus <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> bicostata</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus mannifera</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus phenax</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus crucis</i> Species of grass

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Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. acerina, commonly known as snow gum, is a mallee or small tree that is endemic to a small area of Victoria, Australia. It has smooth, shiny bark, glossy green lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical or conical fruit. It differs from other subspecies of E. pauciflora in having a dense crown and no parts that are glaucous.

<i>Eucalyptus pauciflora <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> debeuzevillei</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

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Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. hedraia, commonly known as snow gum, is a mallee or small tree that is endemic to a small area of Victoria, Australia. It has smooth bark, branchlets that are often glaucous, glossy green lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between eleven and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical or cup-shaped fruit. It differs from other subspecies of E. pauciflora in having larger, sessile, glaucous buds and broader, hemispherical fruit.

Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. parvifructa is a mallee or small tree that is endemic to a small area of Victoria, Australia. It has smooth bark, slightly glaucous branchlets, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical or cup-shaped fruit. It differs from other subspecies of E. pauciflora in having a smaller habit and smaller leaves, flower buds and fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus pauciflora <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> niphophila</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. niphophila, commonly known as snow gum, is a small tree or large shrub that is native to a few mountain peaks in eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or conical fruit. It differs from other subspecies of E. pauciflora in having more delicate, pedicellate flower buds and smaller leaves.

<i>Eucalyptus pauciflora <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> pauciflora</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. pauciflora, commonly known as snow gum, cabbage gum or white sally is a tree or mallee that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped, curved or elliptical leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or conical fruit.

References

  1. ↑ Fensham, R., Laffineur, B. & Collingwood, T. 2019. Eucalyptus cinerea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T133378580A133378583. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133378580A133378583.en. Downloaded on 20 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "Eucalyptus cinerea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. cinerea". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. ↑ The New Sunset Western Garden Book. Sunset Publishing. 2012. p. 311. ISBN   978-0-376-03920-0.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus cinerea". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  6. 1 2 3 Brooker, M. Ian; Slee, Andrew V. "Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. victoriensis". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  7. ↑ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus cinerea". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  8. 1 2 Brooker, I.; Kleinig, D. (1996). Eucalyptus, An illustrated guide to identification. Melbourne: Reed Books.
  9. ↑ "Eucalyptus cinerea". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  10. ↑ Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis (Volume 3). Vol. 3. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 239. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  11. ↑ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 204.
  12. ↑ Brooker, M. Ian H.; Slee, Andrew V.; Briggs, John D. (1995). "A taxonomic revision of Eucalyptus ser. Argyrophyllae". Australian Systematic Botany. 8 (4): 507. doi:10.1071/SB9950499.
  13. ↑ "Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. cinerea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  14. ↑ "Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. triplex". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  15. ↑ Rule, Kevin J.; Walsh, Neville G. (2018). "Two new subspecific taxa with the Eucalyptus Series Argyrophyllae for Victoria" (PDF). Muelleria. 8 (4): 87–90. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  16. 1 2 Williams, Alice; Sides, Tim, eds. (2008). Wiradjuri Plant Use in the Murrumbidgee Catchment. Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Authority. p. 27. ISBN   0 7347 5856 1.
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