Eucalyptus lehmannii

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Bushy yate
Eucalyptus lehmannii.jpg
Eucalyptus lehmanni near Ravensthorpe
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. lehmannii
Binomial name
Eucalyptus lehmannii

Eucalyptus lehmannii, commonly known as bushy yate, is a eucalypt in the myrtle family Myrtaceae endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. [2] It is a small tree with an oval, spreading form and dense foliage which sometimes reaches to the ground. It is widely cultivated in Australia and the United States because of its ornamental shape and decorative flowers, buds and fruit. There has been some confusion about its classification because of its ability to hybridise.

Contents

flower buds Eucalyptus lehmannii (buds).JPG
flower buds
flower Eucalyptus lehmannii (flower).JPG
flower
fruit Eucalyptus lehmannii (fruits).JPG
fruit

Description

Eucalyptus lehmannii is a sometimes multi-trunked mallee with smooth bark which is whitish grey to grey-brown and orange-brown and which sheds in strips. The stems of young plants are initially triangular in cross-section with leaves that are alternate, oblong to elliptical or lance-shaped, 5–8 cm long and 1–3 cm wide, glossy green on the upper surface and dull blue-green below. Older stems are smooth and round with alternate leaves. The adult leaves have a petiole 0.1–1.5 cm long and a blade elliptical to oval-shaped, about 4.5–9.5 cm long and 0.7–2.8 cm wide and both surfaces glossy light to mid-green. The oil glands in the leaves common to all eucalypts, are obscure or scattered.

The inflorescences appear in the axils of the leaves, have a flattened stalk 4–11 cm which curves downwards as the flowers open. There may be 11–19 or more buds in each inflorescence, with their bases joined. By the time the bud opens, it is about 3.3–6.5 cm long, including the cap (strictly the operculum) and 0.5–1.0 cm wide at the base of the cap. The stamens are erect and greenish-yellow. [3]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was originally in 1844 named by Schauer in Plantae Preissianae as Symphyomyrtus lehmannii. In 1867, George Bentham in Flora Australiensis placed it in the genus Eucalyptus as Eucalyptus lehmannii [4] after Johann Georg Christian Lehmann who was Professor of Botany and Director of the Botanic Gardens in Hamburg and editor of Plantae Preissianae. [3] [5] There is some confusion between the species E. lehmannii and E. conferruminata - some authors place this tree in E. conferruminata. [6] Others discriminate between these two species on characters such as operculum length - E. conferruminata is said to have a relatively short operculum. [3]

Eucalyptus lehmannii belongs in Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus, section Bisectae, subsection Hadrotes because of its coarsely bisected cotyledons, erect stamens and larger, thick-rimmed fruits. The subsection Hadrotes contains ten species of which eight do not have oil glands in the branchlet pith. Together these eight species form series Lehmannianae, a group that has fruit with exserted valves that have fused tips even after the seeds are lost, a feature also shared with the distantly related Eucalyptus cornuta . [7]

Of the eight species in series Lehmannianae, four species (Eucalyptus lehmannii, E. conferruminata , E. mcquoidii and E. arborella ) have the buds in each axillary cluster, fused basally. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Bushy yate is found in southern coastal and subcoastal areas from east of Albany towards Israelite Bay, including the Stirling Range. [3] It occurs in the Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee and Warren biogeographic regions of Western Australia growing in sandy soils over granite or quartzite, often with gravel on rocky hills and coastal dunes. [8]

Ecology

Eucalyptus lehmannii, as well as some others of the genus including Eucalyptus cladocalyx , Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus grandis have been described as invasive in southern Africa. [9]

Use

Bushy yate is a useful ornamental in Australia as a small screen, an individual specimen or as a grove. [10] It has also been grown in other countries, including Europe and South Africa. In the United States it is described as "a useful screen or attractive courtyard tree for areas as far north as San Francisco Bay". [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus cornuta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus cornuta, commonly known as yate, is a tree species, sometimes a mallee and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on all or most of its trunk, smooth bark above, mostly lance-shaped adult leaves, elongated flower buds in groups of eleven or more, yellowish flowers and cylindrical to cup-shaped fruit. It is widely cultivated and produces one of the hardest and strongest timbers in the world.

<i>Eucalyptus pleurocarpa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus pleurocarpa, commonly known as tallerack, talyerock or tallerack is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped to elliptical, grey or glaucous leaves that are arranged more or less in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven, whitish flowers and glaucous, barrel-shaped fruit. It is easily recognised in the field by its form, large, white, waxy leaves and, when in flower, its stamens clustered in four groups.

<i>Eucalyptus salubris</i> Species of grass

Eucalyptus salubris, commonly known as gimlet, fluted gum tree, gimlet gum and silver-topped gimlet, is a species of mallet that is endemic to low-rainfall areas of the wheatbelt and goldfields regions of Western Australia.

<i>Eucalyptus conferruminata</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus conferruminata, commonly known as Bald Island marlock or bushy yate, is a small tree or mallee endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth whitish and grey bark, elliptic to oblong or egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in fused in groups of between fifteen and twenty one, green to yellowish flowers and fruit forming a woody mass.

<i>Eucalyptus preissiana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus preissiana, commonly known as bell-fruited mallee, is a species of small tree or shrub that occurs in an area between Albany and Esperance in Western Australia. It has a spreading habit, smooth bark, elliptical to egg-shaped or oblong leaves, flower buds in groups of three, yellow flowers and cup-shaped, conical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus redunca</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus redunca, commonly known as black marlock, is a species of mallee or a shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, lemon-coloured flowers and barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus foecunda</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus foecunda, commonly known as narrow-leaved red mallee, Fremantle mallee or coastal dune mallee, is a species of plant in the myrtle family that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk, smooth bark above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of nine or eleven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped fruit. It was previously included with the more widespread Eucalyptus leptophylla.

<i>Eucalyptus angulosa</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus angulosa, also known as the ridge fruited mallee or southern ridge fruited mallee, is a eucalypt that is native to Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the tree as quarral or kwaral.

Eucalyptus arborella, commonly known as Twertup mallet, is a mallet or small tree that is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth greyish bark, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of thirteen to twenty fused together, yellowish green flowers, and fruits fused together in a woody mass.

Eucalyptus gypsophila, also known as the kopi mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to Western Australia and South Australia. It has rough, flaky bark on the lower part of the trunk, smooth light grey bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds mostly in groups of between seven and eleven, creamy white flowers and conical to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus merrickiae</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus merrickiae, commonly known as goblet mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area on the south coast of Western Australia. It has rough, flaky bark on part or all of the trunk, sometimes on the base of the larger branches, linear adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, creamy white flowers and cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus myriadena</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus myriadena, also known as blackbutt, is a species of mallee or tree that is native to Western Australia. It has rough, coarse flaky bark on part of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and thirteen, white flowers and narrow cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit. It is widely distributed in the wheatbelt and goldfield areas of the state.

Eucalyptus phenax, commonly known as green dumosa mallee or white mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

Eucalyptus repullulans, commonly known as chrysoprase mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to arid parts of Western Australia and the far north-west of South Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and thirteen, cream-coloured flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus striaticalyx</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus striaticalyx, commonly known as Cue York gum or kopi gum, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has thick, rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and thirteen, creamy white flowers and conical to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus subangusta is a species of tree, mallee or mallet that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of up to nineteen, white flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus cyclostoma</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus cyclostoma is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area in the south of Western Australia. It has smooth, greyish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and more or less spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus dolichocera is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, ribbony bark near the base, smooth grey to brownish above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, yellow to cream-coloured flowers and cup-shaped or urn-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus moderata is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has rough, hard, fibrous bark on some or all of the trunk, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, pale yellow flowers and pendulous, urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus mcquoidii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus mcquoidii, commonly known as the Quoin Head marlock, is a species of marlock, mallee or small tree that is endemic to a restricted area in Western Australia. It has smooth, greyish bark, glossy green, linear to narrow oblong adult leaves, flower buds in clusters of up to fifty that are fused at their bases, greenish flowers and fruit in spherical masses.

References

  1. ↑ "Eucalyptus lehmannii". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
  2. ↑ "Eucalyptus lehmannii". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus lehmannii". Australian National Botanic Garden; Euclid. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  4. ↑ "Eucalyptus lehmannii". APNI. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
  5. ↑ Hislop, Michael. "Plant of the month February 2008". Florabase. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
  6. ↑ Spencer, Roger; Cross, Rob; Lumley, Peter (2007). Plant names : a guide to botanical nomenclature (3rd ed.). Collingwood, Vic.: CSIRO Pub. p. 36. ISBN   9780643094406 . Retrieved 28 February 2015.
  7. 1 2 "Eucalyptus lehmannii". Euclid. CSIRO . Retrieved 23 December 2017.
  8. ↑ Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 374. ISBN   0646402439.
  9. ↑ Prins, Herbert (ed); Gordon, Iain J. (ed) (2014). Invasion biology and ecological theory : insights from a continent in transformation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 305. ISBN   9781107035812 . Retrieved 28 February 2015.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ Webb, Mark (ed) (2013). Australian native plants : the Kings Park experience. Collingwood, Vic.: CSIRO Publishing. ISBN   9780643106994 . Retrieved 28 February 2015.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  11. ↑ Hatch, Charles R. (2007). Trees of the California landscape : a photographic manual of native and ornamental trees. Berkeley, Calif. [u.a.]: University of California Press. p. 224. ISBN   9780520251243 . Retrieved 28 February 2015.
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