Eucalyptus leucophloia

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Snappy gum
Eucalyptus leucophloia habit.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. leucophloia
Binomial name
Eucalyptus leucophloia
flowers Eucalyptus leucophloia flowers.jpg
flowers
flower buds Eucalyptus leucophloia buds.jpg
flower buds
fruit of subsp. euroa Eucalyptus leucophloia capsules.jpg
fruit of subsp. euroa

Eucalyptus leucophloia, commonly known as snappy gum or migum, [2] is a species of small tree or mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. [3] The indigenous Mangarayi and Yangman peoples know the tree as mirndir, [4] the Ngarluma name it as malygan and Yindjibarndi peoples know the tree as majgan. [5] It has smooth, powdery bark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus leucophloia is a mallee or small tree that forms a lignotuber. It typically grows to a height of 2.5 to 10 metres (8 to 33 ft). Its new bark is pale pink to pale orange but matures to white and ages in patches to dark pink or grey. The trunk is often crooked and has a base diameter of around 40 cm (16 in). The crown of the tree is usually as wide as the tree is tall and has a moderately dense canopy. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are glaucous, more or less square in cross-section with a wing on each corner, and leaves that are egg-shaped to more or less round, 32–70 mm (1.3–2.8 in) long and 30–85 mm (1.2–3.3 in) wide. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, the same dull green to grey-green colour on both sides, 50–120 mm (2.0–4.7 in) long and 10–40 mm (0.39–1.57 in) wide tapering to a petiole 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long. [2] [4] [6] [7] [8]

The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of seven, sometimes up to eleven, on an unbranched peduncle 6–12 mm (0.24–0.47 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) long. Mature buds are oval, 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with a rounded, blunt conical or shortly beaked operculum. Flowering occurs between March and August and the flowers are creamy white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or hemispherical capsule 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) wide with the valves enclosed below the rim or prominently protruding, depending on subspecies. The seeds are yellow-brown and round or elliptical. [2] [4] [6] [7] [8]

Taxonomy

Eucalyptus leucophloia was first formally described by the botanist Ian Brooker in 1976 in the paper Six new taxa of Eucalyptus from Western Australia, published in the journal Nuytsia . The type specimen had been collected by Alex George in 1971 from around the Rudall River. [8] [9] The specific epithet (leucophloia) is derived from ancient Greek words (or word elements) meaning "white" and "-barked", [10] in reference to the "strikingly white bark". [8] In 2000, Ken Hill and Brooker described two subspecies and the names have been accepted by the Australian Plant Census: [11]

Brooker placed E. leucophloia in Section Brevidoliae with E. rupestris , E. kenneallyi , E. umbrawarrensis , E. confluens , E. brevifolia and E. ordiana . [11]

Distribution

Subspecies leucophloia is found in gullies and on hills and plains in the western Pilbara region of Western Australia where it grows in skeletal soils over sandstone. [14] Subspecies euroa occurs in the central parts of the Northern Territory between Katherine, Tennant Creek and the southern part of Arnhem Land [4] and into north western Queensland [15] between Mount Isa, Cloncurry and Dajarra. [6]

It is found among low woodland communities it will often form pure stands over an understorey of Acacia shrubs and Triodia spinifex grasses. In a mixed woodland is often associated with Eucalyptus gamophylla , Corymbia terminalis and Eucalyptus odontocarpa . [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus leucoxylon</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus leucoxylon, commonly known as yellow gum, blue gum or white ironbark, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It has smooth yellowish bark with some rough bark near the base, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three and cylindrical, barrel-shaped or shortened spherical fruit. A widely cultivated species, it has white, red or pink flowers.

<i>Eucalyptus rubida</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus rubida, commonly known as candlebark, ribbon gum or white gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough bark at the base, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus preissiana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus preissiana, commonly known as bell-fruited mallee, is a species of small tree or shrub that occurs in an area between Albany and Esperance in Western Australia. It has a spreading habit, smooth bark, elliptical to egg-shaped or oblong leaves, flower buds in groups of three, yellow flowers and cup-shaped, conical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus globulus <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> bicostata</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata, commonly known as the southern blue gum, eurabbie, blue gum or Victorian blue gum, is a subspecies of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark with some persistent slabs of old bark at the base, juvenile leaves with one glaucous side, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, warty flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus wandoo</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus wandoo, commonly known as wandoo, dooto, warrnt or wornt, is a small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of nine to seventeen, white flowers and conical to cylindrical fruit. It is one of a number of similar Eucalyptus species known as wandoo.

<i>Eucalyptus parramattensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus parramattensis, commonly known as the Parramatta red gum or drooping red gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus loxophleba</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus loxophleba, commonly known as York gum, daarwet, goatta, twotta or yandee, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk, smooth olive to brownish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flowers buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus balladoniensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus balladoniensis, commonly known as the Balladonia mallee, is a mallee that is endemic to an area in the south of Western Australia. It has rough bark on the lower half of its stems, smooth brownish bark above, lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, pale yellow flowers and hemispherical to more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus effusa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus effusa, commonly known as rough-barked gimlet, is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has thin, rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus fraseri</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus fraseri, commonly known as Balladonia gum, is a species of tree or mallet that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth white to greyish bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kessellii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus kessellii, commonly known as Jerdacuttup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has very hard, rough bark on the trunk of larger specimens, smooth greyish and brownish bark above, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and downturned, conical to cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus myriadena</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus myriadena, also known as blackbutt, is a species of mallee or tree that is native to Western Australia. It has rough, coarse flaky bark on part of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and thirteen, white flowers and narrow cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit. It is widely distributed in the wheatbelt and goldfield areas of the state.

<i>Eucalyptus sargentii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus sargentii, commonly known as Salt River gum, is a species of mallet, mallee or small tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on part or all of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, whitish to creamy yellow flowers and conical fruit.

Eucalyptus subangusta is a species of tree, mallee or mallet that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of up to nineteen, white flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus suggrandis is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth, shiny bark, linear to elliptical leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit.

Eucalyptus vegrandis, commonly known as the Ongerup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped or conical fruit.

Eucalyptus xanthonema, commonly known as yellow-flowered mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear adult leaves, flower buds in groups of up to eleven, white to pale lemon-coloured flowers and barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia ferriticola</i> Species of plant

Corymbia ferriticola, commonly known as the Pilbara ghost gum, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and shortened spherical to cylindrical fruit.

Eucalyptus lockyeri, commonly known as Lockyer's box, is a species of small tree endemic to a small area in Queensland. It has rough bark near the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus semiglobosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus semiglobosa is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and ribbed or wrinkled, shortened spherical or hemispherical fruit.

References

  1. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus leucophloia subsp. leucophloia". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  3. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus leucophloia Brooker". FloraNT. Northern Territory Government . Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  5. ↑ Todd Erickson, Russell Barrett, David Merritt and Kingsley Dixon (2016). Pilbara Seed Atlas and Field Guide: Plant Restoration in Australia's Arid Northwest. CSIRO publishing. ISBN   9781486305544.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. 1 2 3 4 D.J.Boland, M.I.H. Brooker, G.M. Chippendale, N. Hall, B.P.M. Hyland, R.D. Johnston, D.A. Kleinig, M.W. McDonald and J.D. Turner (2006). Forest Trees of Australia. CSIRO publishing. ISBN   9780643098947.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. 1 2 Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus leucophloia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Brooker, M. Ian H. (1976). "Six new taxa of Eucalyptus from Western Australia". Nuytsia. 2 (2): 112–115. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  9. ↑ "Eucalyptus leptophloia". APNI. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  10. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 239. ISBN   9780958034180.
  11. 1 2 3 Hill, Kenneth D.; Johnson, Lawrence A.S. (2000). "Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 10. New tropical and subtropical eucalypts from Australia and New Guinea (Eucalyptus, Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 8 (4): 519–522. doi:10.7751/telopea20002007.
  12. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia subsp. euroa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  13. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia subsp. leucophloia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  14. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia subsp. leucophloia". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  15. ↑ "Eucalyptus leucophloia". Eucalink. Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney . Retrieved 10 December 2017.
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