Euplectellidae

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Euplectellidae
Temporal range: 444 – 0  Ma [1]
Venus Flower Basket.jpg
Venus Flower Basket ( Euplectella aspergillum )
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Hexactinellida
Order: Lyssacinosida
Family: Euplectellidae
Gray, 1867 [2]
Subfamilies

Euplectellidae is a family of glass sponges (Hexactinellids) belonging to the order Lyssacinosa, first represented in the Ordovician fossil record, substantially older than molecular estimates of the clade's age. [1]

Contents

Taxonomies

According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) the family includes the following subfamilies and genera:
Subfamily Bolosominae Tabachnick, 2002

Subfamily Corbitellinae Gray, 1872

Subfamily Euplectellinae Gray, 1867

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hexasterophora</span> Subclass of Hexactinellid sponges

Hexasterophora are a subclass of glass sponges in the class Hexactinellida. Most living hexasterophorans can be divided into three orders: Lyssacinosida, Lychniscosida, and Sceptrulophora. Like other glass sponges, hexasterophorans have skeletons composed of overlapping six-rayed spicules. In addition, they can be characterized by the presence of hexasters, a type of microsclere with six rays unfurling into multi-branched structures.

<i>Geodia</i> Genus of sponges

Geodia is a genus of sea sponge belonging to the family Geodiidae. It is the type genus of its taxonomic family.

<i>Polymastia</i> (sponge) Genus of sponges

Polymastia is a genus of sea sponges containing about 30 species. These are small to large encrusting or dome-shaped sponges with a smooth surface having many teat-shaped projections (papillae). In areas of strong wave action, this genus does not grow the teat structures, but instead grows in a corrugated form.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plakinidae</span> Family of sponges

Plakinidae is a family of marine sponges. It is composed of seven genera:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lyssacinosida</span> Order of sponges

Lyssacinosida is an order of glass sponges (Hexactinellida) belonging to the subclass Hexasterophora. These sponges can be recognized by their parenchymal spicules usually being unconnected, unlike in other sponges in the subclass where the spicules form a more or less tightly connected skeleton. Lyssacine sponges have existed since the Upper Ordovician, and three families are still alive today. The Venus' flower basket is one of the most well-known and culturally significant of the glass sponges.

<i>Stelletta</i> Genus of sponges

Stelletta is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Ancorinidae.

<i>Auletta</i> (sponge) Genus of sponges

Auletta is a genus of sponges in the family Bubaridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mycalidae</span> Family of sponges

Mycalidae is a family of marine demosponges.

<i>Crella</i> Genus of sponges

Crella is a genus of marine demosponges in the family Crellidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rossellidae</span> Family of sponges

Rossellidae is a family of glass sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosa. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found at a large range of depths.

<i>Caulophacus</i> Genus of sponges

Caulophacus is a genus of glass sponges belonging to the subfamily Lanuginellinae.

<i>Staurocalyptus</i> Genus of sponges

Staurocalyptus is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima.

<i>Mycale</i> (sponge) Genus of sponges

Mycale is a genus of demosponge with 240 recognised species in 11 subgenera. It has been a large genus with multiple subdivisions since it was first described in 1867.

Amphidiscella is a genus of sea sponge in the family Euplectellidae.

Sceptrulophora is an order of hexactinellid sponges. They are characterized by sceptrules, a type of microsclere with a single straight rod terminating at a bundle of spines or knobs. An anchor- or nail-shaped sceptrule is called a clavule. A fork-shaped sceptrule, ending at a few large tines, is called a scopule. A broom-shaped sceptrule, ending at many small bristles, is called a sarule.

<i>Farrea</i> Genus of sponges

Farrea is a genus of glass sponges in the family Farreidae.

Chonelasma is a genus of sea sponge in the family Euretidae.

<i>Bolosoma</i> Genus of sponges

Bolosoma is a genus of pedunculated siliceous sponges belonging to the family Euplectellidae. This genus lives in deep-sea environments and provides a habitat for a plethora of other benthic species, giving Bolosoma an incredibly important ecological role in the ecosystems it is a part of.

Hamacantha is a genus of sponges in the family Hamacanthidae. This species in this genus differ from those in the other genera in this family through the presence of diancistras, distinctive microscleres. These are thought to aid in framing the skeleton by joining monactine megascleres. This genus contains 30 species in three subgenera.

References

  1. 1 2 Botting, J. P.; Janussen, D.; Muir, L. A.; Dohrmann, M.; Ma, J.; Zhang, Y. (March 2022). "Extraordinarily early Venus' flower basket sponges (Hexactinellida, Euplectellidae) from the uppermost Ordovician Anji Biota, China". Palaeontology . 65 (2). doi:10.1111/PALA.12592. ISSN   0031-0239. Wikidata   Q111529763.
  2. ↑ Gray, J.E. (1867). Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII


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