Lyssacinosida

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Lyssacinosida
Temporal range: 444 – 0  Ma [1]
Euplectella aspergillum Okeanos.jpg
Venus flower basket (Euplectella aspergillum, family Euplectellidae)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Hexactinellida
Subclass: Hexasterophora
Order: Lyssacinosida
Zittel, 1877
Subgroups

See text.

Synonyms
  • Lyssacinosa

Lyssacinosida (also spelled Lyssacinosa) is an order of glass sponges (Hexactinellida) belonging to the subclass Hexasterophora. These sponges can be recognized by their parenchymal spicules usually being unconnected, unlike in other sponges in the subclass where the spicules form a more or less tightly connected skeleton. [2] [3] Lyssacine sponges have existed since the Upper Ordovician, and three families [2] (four including Aulocalycidae) [3] are still alive today. The Venus' flower basket (Euplectella aspergillum) is one of the most well-known and culturally significant of the glass sponges.

Subgroups

Sources

  1. 1 2 Botting, J. P.; Janussen, D.; Muir, L. A.; Dohrmann, M.; Ma, J.; Zhang, Y. (March 2022). "Extraordinarily early Venus' flower basket sponges (Hexactinellida, Euplectellidae) from the uppermost Ordovician Anji Biota, China". Palaeontology . 65 (2). doi:10.1111/PALA.12592. ISSN   0031-0239. Wikidata   Q111529763.
  2. 1 2 Reiswig, Henry M. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Order Lyssacinosida Zittel, 1877" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, p. 1387, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_145, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised. Porifera, Volume 3: Classes Demospongea, Hexactinellida, Heteractinida & Calcarea, xxxi + 872 p., 506 fig., 1 table, 2004, available here. ISBN   0-8137-3131-3.
  4. ↑ Reiswig, Henry M. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Family Aulocalycidae Ijima, 1927" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1362–1371, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_140, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06
  5. ↑ Tabachnick, Konstantin R. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Family Euplectellidae Gray, 1867" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1388–1434, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_146, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06
  6. ↑ Tabachnick, Konstantin R. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Family Leucopsacidae Ijima, 1903" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1435–1440, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_147, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06
  7. ↑ Li, Lixia; Janussen, Dorte; Zhan, Renbin; Reitner, Joachim (2019). "Oldest known fossil of Rossellids (Hexactinellida, Porifera) from the Ordovician–Silurian transition of Anhui, South China" . PalZ. 93 (4): 559–566. Bibcode:2019PalZ...93..559L. doi:10.1007/s12542-019-00452-3. ISSN   0031-0220.
  8. ↑ Tabachnick, Konstantin R. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Family Rossellidae Schulze, 1885" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1441–1505, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_148, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06
  9. 1 2 Tabachnick, Konstantin R. (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Lyssacinosida incertae sedis" , Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1506–1509, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_149, ISBN   978-0-306-47260-2 , retrieved 2023-05-06


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