| ||
|---|---|---|
Figures: | ||
Incidents: | ||
Actions & Demonstrations: | ||
Others: | ||
February 2017 Jakarta protests refer to a series of mass protest led by Islamist movements which took place on 11 February 2017 and 21 February 2017 in Jakarta, Indonesia, and dubbed as the Action 112 and the Action 212 respectively. The protests were aimed against the incumbent governor of Jakarta Special Capital Region Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (popularly known as "Ahok") for an alleged blasphemy of the Quran, the Islamic holy book.
The incumbent governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, who was contesting for the forthcoming 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election, was accused of blasphemy against Islam following his speech on September 27, 2016. National outcry against his perceived misdemeanor had triggered nationwide protests in November 2016 and December 2016, the later culminated in the President of Indonesia Joko Widodo joining the Friday prayer alongside the Islamist leaders such as Muhammad Rizieq Shihab in order to mitigate the heightened tensions. The oppositions and Islamist groups, however, were not satisfied with the outcome of the previous protests and kept demanding for the jailing of Basuki for the blasphemy charge.
The Action 112, also known as the 4th Islamic Defense Action, is a nonviolent protest succeeding the previous operations of Islamic Defense Action. The protest was coordinated by the Islamic Ummah Forum (FUI) and the National Movement of Fatwa Guards - Majelis Ulama Indonesia (GNPF-MUI). Initially, the action 112 was planned to be held at Monas Square, in the form of a long march on the streets. However, after the meeting of Muhammad Rizieq Shihab, the chairman of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI), Wiranto who served the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, and the leaders of the GNPF-MUI, the form of the protest was changed to dhikr (recitation of short religious phrases or prayers) and tausiyah (broadcasting of dawah , the religious proselytizing) at the Istiqlal Mosque. [1] Participants started arriving at the location since Friday night, and the activity started after the tahajjud prayer at 2.00 am. They prayed Fajr and Duha together during which they continued dhikr and tausiyah activities, in which national religious scholars were involved. It was ended after practicing the Zuhr prayers in congregation. Participants numbered more than 200,000 worshipers, and the Istiqlal Mosque was filled upon the mosque's yard. [2]
Many rumors regarding the possible cancellation of the Action 112 were circulated by the mass media before the initiation. However, on February 9, FUI made a press release about the activities of the protest which included the announcement of the changes in the form of the protest, to "Dzikir & National Tausiyah for the Application of Al-Maidah Letter 51: Must Choose Muslim Leaders & Haram Choosing the Pagan Leader". [3] This sent the message of planned commencement, and FUI has doubled down on its legality.
The Action 212 was a protest succeeding the Action 112, held nearby the People's Representative Council building in Senayan, Central Jakarta. The action was initiated by FUI and was attended by the FPI leader Muhammad Rizieq Shihab, beginning at 08:00 am during the rain. Responding to the action, the two largest Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah chose not to be involved considering its political implications. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] Several demands were submitted by the protesters during the action, requesting the People's Representative Council for sending a letter to the President Joko Widodo demanding the termination of Basuki's office and reaffirming that the gubernatorial post has to be considered unfit to be held by someone with defendant status in case of alleged blasphemy. They also requested law enforcement officers not to criminalize the ulama and students and requested law enforcement officers to arrest Ahok. The Commission III of the People's Representative Council forwarded these demands to the House leadership which to be forwarded to the President and reported to Chief of Police, General Tito Karnavian at a meeting with Commission III on February 22, 2017.
Blasphemy law in Indonesia is the legislation, presidential decrees, and ministerial directives that prohibit blasphemy in Indonesia.
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama is an Indonesian businessman, politician, and former governor of Jakarta. He is colloquially known by his Hakka Chinese name, Ahok. He was the first ethnic Chinese governor of Jakarta and the first non-Austronesian governor of Jakarta and also of the Evangelical faith, following Henk Ngantung, who was the sole Catholic and Austronesian Minahasan governor to hold office from 1964–65.
Ardian Syaf is an Indonesian comic book artist. He has worked for DC Comics, Marvel Comics, and Dynamite Entertainment.
Habib Muhammad Rizieq bin Hussein Shihab is an Indonesian Islamist cleric, the founder and leader of the Islamist group Islamic Defenders Front, which was banned by the government in December 2020. Facing criminal charges in Indonesia, he lived in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 2017 to November 2020. Following his return to Indonesia, he was arrested in late 2020, accused of criminal incitement for holding crowded events that violated the COVID-19 pandemic regulations.
November 2016 Jakarta protests refer to an Islamist mass protest which took place on 4 November 2016 in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was attended by an estimated 50,000–200,000 protesters, and was aimed against the Governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, for alleged blasphemy of the Quran, the Islamic holy book. A counter-protest led by government officials and social activists in support of interfaith unity was led on 30 November.
The 2016–17 Jakarta protests, branded Aksi Bela Islam by the protesters, are series of Islamist protests against Governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, who was accused of committing blasphemy of the Quran. The protests were carried out by the Islamic Defenders Front alongside its Islamist collaborators which make up a single coalition called the 212 Movement, named after their third protest, held on 2 December 2016. The event marks the rising trend of Islamism and Islamic fundamentalism within the Indonesian Muslim society, with many Islamist groups, social media communities, and political parties having emerged following the protests.
Gubernatorial elections were held in Jakarta as part of the 2017 simultaneous elections on 15 February and 19 April 2017 to elect the governor of Jakarta to a five-year term. Incumbent governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, popularly referred to as "Ahok", and his deputy Djarot Saiful Hidayat were running for re-election to a second term. Basuki, who inherited his current position from his running mate Joko Widodo when he won the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, would have become the first elected Chinese-Christian governor of Jakarta had he won.
Ma'ruf Amin is an Indonesian politician, Islamic cleric, and lecturer who served as the 13th vice president of Indonesia from 2019 to 2024. Aged nearly 77 years old when inaugurated, he is the oldest Indonesian vice president to ever be sworn in.
Arsul Sani is an Indonesian politician who is currently serving as a justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He was appointed a judge to replace Justice Wahiduddin Adams who retired in January 2024.
On 24 May 2017, two explosions occurred at a bus terminal in Kampung Melayu, East Jakarta. Police confirmed that the explosions were caused by multiple explosive devices found in the toilet and in another part of the terminal. The bombings killed five people: three policemen and two attackers. The 11 injured people were taken to multiple hospitals across the Eastern Jakarta area.
Djarot Saiful Hidayat is an Indonesian politician who is currently a member of the People's Representative Council. He was the governor of Jakarta, in office between 15 June and 15 October 2017 after being acting governor since 9 May. He replaced his predecessor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama when the latter was found guilty of blasphemy against Islam. He was appointed by Basuki as Deputy Governor in 2014 to fill the gap left by the election of Joko Widodo as president.
Bachtiar Nasir is an Indonesian Islamist da'i and ulama. He is known for his examination and exploration of the sciences of the Qur'an. The ustad leads the Ar-Rahman Qur'anic Learning Center (AQL) Islamic Center, and also serves as the Secretary General of Intellectual Assembly of Young Ulama Indonesia (MIUMI), Chairman of Alumni of Saudi Arabia in Indonesia, and Chairman of Islamic University of Medina Alumni in Indonesia. He also served as the Central Executive of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI).
December 2016 Jakarta protests, also known as the 3rd Defend Islam Action, 212 Movement, or simply as 212 Action, was a mass protest led by Islamist groups which took place on 2 December 2016, in Jakarta, Indonesia. During the protest, marchers demanded the termination of the gubernatorial office held by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok), who had been accused of blasphemy. The protest was the second demonstration against Ahok in 2016 following the previous rally which took place on 4 November, and it was succeeded by the February 2017 Jakarta protests.
The Islamic Defenders Front was an Indonesian hardline Islamist organization founded in 1998 by Muhammad Rizieq Shihab with backing from military and political figures. Since 2015, Ahmad Shabri Lubis has been the organization's leader, while Rizieq Shihab holds the title of Grand Imam of the FPI for life. The FPI originally positioned itself as an Islamic religious police, mostly by conducting illegal and unauthorized vigilante operations. It also acted as an Islamist pressure group with prominent social media activism and mass mobilizations against pro-government activists, ethnic Chinese, Christian minority, as well as liberal and reformist politicians.
Diah Mutiara Sukmawati Sukarnoputri is the third daughter of Indonesia’s founding president Sukarno and his wife Fatmawati. Sukmawati is the younger sister of former Indonesian president Megawati Sukarnoputri and politician Rachmawati Sukarnoputri.
The Indonesia omnibus law protests were a series of demonstrations and civil disorder against Indonesia's Omnibus Law on Job Creation which was passed on 5 October 2020 as well as President Joko Widodo. Demonstrations had begun on 13 January 2020 while the then-bill, claimed by the government as vital to boosting the country's manufacturing industry and foreign investment, was still being drafted. Protesters were concerned with the law's impact on the protection of the environment and working conditions.
The Forum Betawi Rempug (FBR) is a Betawi mass organization (ormas) based in Jakarta. The group was established on July 29, 2001, by two Betawi kyais Fadloli El Muhir and Lutfi Hakim. The FBR aims to champion the political rights of the Betawi people, an indigenous but marginalized ethnic group based in Jakarta. Today, the FBR has set up over 300 branches in the Jakarta metropolitan area (Jabodetabek) with each at least 100 active memberships.
212: The Power of Love is an Indonesian film which was inspired by the 212 Movement. The film was planned to be released on 2 December 2017, however was delayed until 8 May 2018. The film was highly controversial due to its political message and Indonesian political climate at the time. There were protests against the film in several places in Indonesia and some regions banned the film from appearing in cinema. Despite claims made by production that the film was free from political messages, it was accused of carrying pro-Islamist narration.
Andi Nana Riwayatie Basoamier better known by her screen name Nana Riwayatie is an Indonesian actress, businesswomen, model and beauty pageant titleholder who initially won Miss Universe Indonesia 1980, she went to represents Indonesia and competed in Miss Universe 1980 in Seoul, South Korea.
Habib Muhammad Hanif bin Abdurrahman Alatas is an Indonesian Islamic cleric, preacher and activist of the Islamic Defenders Front. He is the son-in-law of the founder and high priest of FPI, Habib Muhammad Rizieq Shihab. He married Sharifah Zulfa Shihab, Rizieq's daughter, on 17 August 2016. FPI was disbanded by the Indonesian government on 30 December 2020, but its sympathizers then founded a new FPI organization with the acronym Islamic Brotherhood Front . In 2022, a new FPI management was formed, Hanif himself then served as secretary of the shuro council of the FPI central board.
