Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Last updated

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
US-FMCSA-Logo.svg
FMCSA logo
Agency overview
FormedJanuary 1, 2000;24 years ago (2000-01-01)
Jurisdiction United States government
Headquarters Washington, D.C.
Employees1,000
Annual budget$668.523 million (FY15), requested [1]
Agency executives
  • Vinn White (Acting) [2] , Administrator
  • Vinn White, Deputy Administrator
Parent agency US Department of Transportation
Website Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Website

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) is an agency in the United States Department of Transportation that regulates the trucking industry in the United States. The primary mission of the FMCSA is to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses.

Contents

History

The agency was established as a separate administration within U.S. Department of Transportation on January 1, 2000, pursuant to the "Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999." [3] FMCSA is headquartered in Washington, D.C., and employs more than 1,000 people in all 50 States and the District of Columbia, with the goal of making "roadways safer for the public and the CMV industry". [4]

Main functions

In carrying out its safety mandate to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses, FMCSA:

Leadership

Sue Lawless currently serves as the Acting Administrator of the FMSCA, she also serves as the agency’s Executive Director and Chief Safety Officer.

Raymond P. Martinez was sworn in as Administrator of the FMCSA on February 28, 2018. Previously, Martinez served as chairman and Chief Administrator of the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission. [5] He left office on October 31, 2019, and the post has been without a permanent occupant ever since. [6]

Cathy F. Gautreaux became the Agency's Deputy Administrator in November 2017 after serving as the executive director of the Louisiana Motor Transportation Association for 29 years. [7] [8] She left office on January 20, 2021. [9]

Meera Joshi served as Acting Administrator of the FMCSA from January 20, 2021, prior to her appointment as Deputy Mayor for Operations of New York City in January, 2022.

List of Administrators

AdministratorTerm startedTerm ended
Joseph M. Clapp October 4, 2001 [10] December 2002 [11]
Annette Sandberg August 5, 2003 [12] March 1, 2006 [13]
John H. Hill August 10, 2006 [14] January 20, 2009 [15]
Anne S. Ferro November 13, 2009 [16] August 15, 2014 [17]
Scott Darling August 16, 2014 [18] January 20, 2017 [19]
Raymond P. Martinez February 20, 2018October 31, 2019
Jim Mullen (acting)October 31, 2019August 29, 2020
Wiley Deck (acting)August 30, 2020January 20, 2021
Meera Joshi (acting)January 20, 2021January 1, 2022
Jack Van Steenburg (acting)January 1, 2022September 26, 2022
Robin Hutcheson September 26, 2022January 26, 2024
Sue Lawless (acting)January 26, 2024June 25, 2024
Vinn White (acting)June 25, 2024Incumbent

Organization

The FMCSA is divided into eight offices:

Field offices

The field organizations deliver program services to FMCSA partners and customers. This organization consists of Field Operations, Service center and State-level motor carrier division offices.

These offices answer questions and provide guidance concerning the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations.

Main programs

Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA)

Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) is described by FMCSA as its "data-driven safety compliance and enforcement program designed to improve safety and prevent commercial motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and fatalities". [20] This program oversees carriers' safety performance through roadside inspections and crash investigations, issuing violations when instances of noncompliance with safety regulations are uncovered. The Agency's safety investigation team and state law enforcement partners are small compared to the millions of CMV companies and commercial driver license (CDL) holders nationwide. A key component of the CSA program – known as the Safety Measurement System (SMS) – relies on data analysis to identify non-compliant and unsafe companies to prioritize them for enforcement interventions.

While the methodology for calculating SMS safety scores has evolved over time in response to suggestions from stakeholders, the program has proven effective at identifying unsafe, high-risk carriers. FMCSA is expected to publicly release additional changes to SMS designed to strengthen the Agency's ability to identify companies for investigation before they are involved in a crash. The program's future remains in doubt as it has been the subject of heavy criticism from the DOT's own Inspector General, the Government Accountability Office, and Congress itself in the FAST Act. That Act requires the National Research Council of the National Academies of Science (NAS) to conduct a thorough study of the Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) program, specifically the Safety Measurement System (SMS). [21]

Hours of Service (HOS) and Driver Restart Study

In July 2013, FMCSA updated HOS regulation to help reduce the incidence of CMV driver fatigue on the nation's roadways. The final rule required truck drivers who use the "34-hour restart" provision to maximize their weekly work hours to limit the restart to once a week and to include in the restart period at least two nights off duty from 1:00 to 5:00 a.m., when one's 24-hour body clock supposedly needs and benefits from sleep the most. [22]

In December 2014, Congress passed the FAST Act, which suspended the new 34-hour restart provision in the HOS rule and instructed FMCSA to study its effectiveness. In 2015, FMCSA selected Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) to conduct the largest naturalistic study of its kind that the Agency had ever undertaken. FMCSA anticipated releasing the findings in 2017[ needs update ].

National Registry

Implemented in 2014, the National Registry rule requires all Medical Examiners (ME) who conduct physical examinations and issue medical certifications for interstate CMV drivers to complete training on FMCSA's physical qualification standards, pass a certification test, and demonstrate competence through periodic training and testing. CMV drivers whose medical certifications expire must use MEs on the National Registry for their examinations. [23]

FMCSA has reached its goal of at least 40,000 certified MEs signing onto the registry, meaning drivers can now find certified medical examiners throughout the country who can competently perform their medical exam. FMCSA is preparing to issue a follow-on "National Registry 2" rulemaking that will require MEs to submit medical certificate information on a daily basis. These daily updates, which FMCSA will transmit to states electronically, will dramatically decrease the chance of drivers falsifying medical cards.

ELDT- Entry Level Driver Trains Program and TPR- Training Provider Registry

On February 7, 2022, new regulations have been put into place regarding obtaining a commercial driver's license, upgrading an existing CDL license or obtaining a passenger, school bus or hazmat endorsement. The new regulation adjusted the minimum training standards. As of Feb. 7, 2022 training providers will be required to register with the TPR and upload documents to confirm applicants for CDL licenses have met the EDLT minimum standards.

CSA overhaul

In 2015 a Congressional mandate, that was part of the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act), directed a full review of the CSA program by the Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Transportation and the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). The review (study) was named the "Correlation Study Corrective Action Plan". The FMCSA had already started implementing changes in the CSA but withdrew these after the study was published. [24]

Fleet mileage will be included in the new plan and the FMCSA will study sharing information with the International Registration Plan (IRP) and International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA) organizations with consideration of incentives for voluntary mileage updates. The FMCSA will partner with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in getting states to participate in uniform crash reporting standards. [25]

In September 2018 the FMCSA began small-scale testing using an Item Response Theory (IRT) model to replace the Safety Measurement System with plans for full testing in 2019. The FMCSA currently uses percentile comparisons (relative rankings) of similar fleets when computing the "Behavioral Analysis and Safety Improvement Categories" (BASIC) scores but will study if absolute measures of safety should be used instead. The Safety Measurement System (SMS) website was changed [26] in September 2018 with certain previous public information on property carrier's compliance and safety performance information now withheld. Ten organizations, including the American Trucking Association (ATA), Truckload Carriers Association (TCA), and OOIDA, co-signed a letter to then Department of Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx, requesting that CSA scores not be available to the public. [27] Industry concerns have long been that the CSA scoring is "highly defective", has inconsistencies with the Safety Measurement System, and has "significant shortcomings". [28]

Concerns

Shippers and brokers have used the CSA scores as a bench-mark to find safe carriers. With this hidden there may be more calls for legislation establishing uniform federal standards for qualifying carriers. House Bill H.R.1568 was introduced, that was referred to the subcommittee of the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit, [29] and Senate Bill S.1345 was introduced, [30] that was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. [31] The insurance industry also used the CSA scores to evaluate the overall fitness and risk profile of carriers and drivers. [32]

The American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI) released a report in 2015 criticizing the CSA scoring, citing that a lack of "crash accountability or crash weighting in CSA has long-plagued the program", negatively affecting scores on crashes that are not the fault of the carrier or driver. The ATRI report found that negative scores resulted from trucks colliding with an animal in the roadway, another driver hitting a legally parked truck, another driver running a red light or stop sign and hitting a truck, another driver being under the influence of drugs or alcohol and hitting a truck, and truck-assisted suicide by a pedestrian and that non-preventable crashes needs to be removed from carriers' CSA records. [33]

Applicability of FMCSA regulations

All non-exempt commercial motor vehicles that cross state lines, including big-rig trucks, are subject to the federal motor carrier safety regulations. If these semi-trucks are operating within one state, they need to abide by state-equivalent motor carrier safety regulations. The intent of the regulations is to cover all persons and entities involved in operating commercial vehicles, including: drivers, hiring managers, trainers, supervisors, managers, dispatchers, other people whose action affects drivers and commercial motor vehicles.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) set forth minimum standards for those involved with the operation of commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce, in order to cover all people and entities involved in interstate operation of these trucks.

Consumer protection initiatives

"Look Before You Book"

FMCSA's "Look Before You Book" campaign encourages trip planners and passengers to think about more than price and to consider safety first when choosing bus companies and drivers. The program features DOT's first app – SaferBus – that provides safety data on each bus company under FMCSA's jurisdiction. The primary audiences for this campaign are travel planners that serve faith-based organizations, seniors and student groups. [34]

Protect Your Move

Of the estimated 35 million Americans who move each year, about 600,000 hire a company to move their household goods across state lines. FMCSA receives about 3,000 complaints annually about deceptive practices and fraud by dishonest operators. [35]

The Protect Your Move program aims to protect consumers and counter interstate moving fraud in two ways: 1) by educating consumers who are preparing to move to make informed decisions about moving companies and avoid being taken advantage of by a disreputable mover; and 2) by providing tools and information to victims after moving fraud has occurred to help them resolve mover disputes and/or file fraud complaints and seek arbitration or legal action.

FMSCA provides a searchable database for consumers to verify Household Goods Carriers authorization, licensing and insurance under the Protect Your Move Program. [36]

See also

Related Research Articles

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is an agency of the U.S. federal government, part of the Department of Transportation, focused on transportation safety in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Commercial driver's license</span> License to operate large or heavy vehicles

A commercial driver's license (CDL) is a driver's license required in the United States to operate large and heavy vehicles or a vehicle of any size that transports hazardous materials or more than 15 passengers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Truck driver</span> Person who earns a living as the driver of a truck

A truck driver is a person who earns a living as the driver of a truck, which is commonly defined as a large goods vehicle (LGV) or heavy goods vehicle (HGV).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wisconsin State Patrol</span> State Police Force for the State of Wisconsin

The Wisconsin State Patrol is the state patrol for the state of Wisconsin and is a division of the Wisconsin Department of Transportation. The Wisconsin State Patrol enforces traffic and criminal laws, oversees the motor carrier safety and weight facilities (SWEFs), inspects and regulates motor carriers, school buses and ambulances, and assists local law enforcement agencies with traffic safety, civil disturbances and disasters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transportation safety in the United States</span> Overview of transportation safety

Transportation safety in the United States encompasses safety of transportation in the United States, including automobile crashes, airplane crashes, rail crashes, and other mass transit incidents, although the most fatalities are generated by road incidents annually killing 32,479 people in 2011 to over 42,000 people in 2022. The number of deaths per passenger-mile on commercial airlines in the United States between 2000 and 2010 was about 0.2 deaths per 10 billion passenger-miles. For driving, the rate was 150 per 10 billion vehicle-miles: 750 times higher per mile than for flying in a commercial airplane. For a person who drives a million miles in a lifetime this amounts to a 1.5% chance of death.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Professional Truck Driver Institute</span>

The Professional Truck Driver Institute (PTDI) is a non-profit organization that provides certification of training courses for drivers of commercial motor vehicles. It was formed in 1986 during the standardization of commercial driver's licensing by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration in the United States. Its management was taken over by the TCA in 1996. PTDI is the first nonprofit organization to develop uniform skill performance, curriculum, and certification standards for the trucking industry and to award course certification to entry-level truck driver training courses and motor carrier driver-finishing programs.

Truck classifications are typically based upon the maximum loaded weight of the truck, typically using the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and sometimes also the gross trailer weight rating (GTWR), and can vary among jurisdictions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Driver's licenses in the United States</span>

In the United States, driver's licenses are issued by each individual state, territory, and the District of Columbia rather than by the federal government due to federalism. Drivers are normally required to obtain a license from their state of residence. All states of the United States and provinces and territories of Canada recognize each other's licenses for non-resident age requirements. There are also licenses for motorcycle use. Generally, a minimum age of 15 is required to apply for a non-commercial driver license, and 25 for commercial licenses which drivers must have to operate vehicles that are too heavy for a non-commercial licensed driver or vehicles with at least 16 passengers or containing hazardous materials that require placards. A state may also suspend an individual's driving privilege within its borders for traffic violations. Many states share a common system of license classes, with some exceptions, e.g. commercial license classes are standardized by federal regulation at 49 CFR 383. Many driving permits and ID cards display small digits next to each data field. This is required by the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators' design standard and has been adopted by many US states. The AAMVA provides a standard for the design of driving permits and identification cards issued by its member jurisdictions, which include all 50 US states, the District of Columbia, and Canadian territories and provinces. The newest card design standard released is the 2020 AAMVA DL/ID Card Design Standard (CDS). The AAMVA standard generally follows part 1 and part 2 of ISO/IEC 18013-1. The ISO standard in turn specifies requirements for a card that is aligned with the UN Conventions on Road Traffic, namely the Geneva Convention on Road Traffic and the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hours of service</span> U.S. commercial motor vehicle driver working and rest period restrictions

Hours of service (HOS) regulations are issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and govern the working hours of anyone operating a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) in the United States. These regulations apply to truck drivers, commercial and intercity bus drivers, and school bus drivers who operate CMVs. These rules limit the number of daily and weekly hours spent driving and working, and regulate the minimum amount of time drivers must spend resting between driving shifts. For intrastate commerce, the respective state's regulations apply.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula</span> Formula for estimating bridge weight limits

The Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula, also known as Bridge Formula B or the Federal Bridge Formula, is a mathematical formula in use in the United States by truck drivers and Department of Transportation (DOT) officials to determine the appropriate maximum gross weight for a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) based on axle number and spacing. The formula is part of federal weight and size regulations regarding interstate commercial traffic. The formula is necessary to prevent heavy vehicles from damaging roads and bridges. CMVs are most often tractor-trailers or buses, but the formula is of most interest to truck drivers due to the heavy loads their vehicles often carry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trucking industry in the United States</span> American industry

The trucking industry serves the American economy by transporting large quantities of raw materials, works in process, and finished goods over land—typically from manufacturing plants to retail distribution centers. Trucks are also used in the construction industry, two of which require dump trucks and portable concrete mixers to move the large amounts of rocks, dirt, concrete, and other building materials used in construction. Trucks in America are responsible for the majority of freight movement over land and are tools in the manufacturing, transportation, and warehousing industries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electronic on-board recorder</span> Electronic device used to track the time a vehicle is being driven

An electronic on-board recorder (EOBR) is an electronic device attached to a commercial motor vehicle, which is used to record the amount of time a vehicle is being driven. This is similar to the tachograph, and is the American equivalent of the digital tachograph used in Europe. Trucks in the European Union are required to have digital tachographs installed, and are securely monitored by government agencies. However, in Europe, the new digital tachograph which is considered secure, can be tricked with a round magnet placed by drivers over the connection to the transmission box. Usually they tie a rope to that magnet, and with a simple pull, the magnet will disengage and will show that the driver started moving about half an hour ago . The majority of carriers and drivers in the United States currently use paper-based log books. On January 31, 2011, the U.S. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) proposed a rule requiring Electronic On-Board Recorders for interstate commercial truck and bus companies. The proposed rule covers interstate carriers that currently use log books to record driver's hours of service. The proposal would affect more than 500,000 carriers in the United States and carriers that currently use time cards would be exempt.

The motor carrier safety rating is an evaluation given to an interstate commercial motor carrier by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anne S. Ferro</span>

Anne S. Ferro is an American government official, currently serving as president and CEO of the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrator, a nonprofit organization creating model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. She previously served as president of the Maryland Motor Truck Association, administrator of the United States Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, and as administrator of the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration of the Maryland Department of Transportation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Auto transport broker</span>

An auto transport broker is a type of cargo broker that specializes in the shipping and transportation of vehicles. Most vehicles shipped in the U.S. are cars and trucks, but many brokers handle boats, RVs, motorcycles and other types of vehicles as well. Auto transport is classified as "specialized freight trucking" under NAICS code 484230.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Work-related road safety in the United States</span>

People who are driving as part of their work duties are an important road user category. First, workers themselves are at risk of road traffic injury. Contributing factors include fatigue and long work hours, delivery pressures, distractions from mobile phones and other devices, lack of training to operate the assigned vehicle, vehicle defects, use of prescription and non-prescription medications, medical conditions, and poor journey planning. Death, disability, or injury of a family wage earner due to road traffic injury, in addition to causing emotional pain and suffering, creates economic hardship for the injured worker and family members that may persist well beyond the event itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Public Law 113-45</span> Federal regulation of the Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Public Law 113-45 is a U.S. federal law that requires that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration go through the standard rulemaking proceeding, allowing comment from the public and the trucking industry, before it sets any requirements for truck drivers related to sleep apnea. It was introduced in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress and was signed into law by President Barack Obama in October 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation Act of 2014</span>

The Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation Act of 2014 or HHEATT Act of 2014 is an act that created an emergency exception to existing Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulations. The exceptions allow truckers to drive for long hours if they are delivering home heating fuels, such as propane, to places where there is a shortage. The exemption lasts until May 31, 2014. An existing suspension was scheduled to expire on March 15, 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reliable Home Heating Act</span>

The Reliable Home Heating Act is a U.S. public law that loosens some transportation regulations in order to try to deal with a home heating fuel shortage in some states. The law requires the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) to exempt motor carriers that transport home heating oil from certain federal regulations if the Governor of a state declares a state of emergency caused by a shortage of residential heating fuel. It would also require the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to notify states if certain petroleum reserves fall below historical averages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement</span> Law enforcement agency

British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety & Enforcement is a provincial law enforcement agency that is responsible for the compliance and enforcement of the commercial transport sector, protection of the environment and transportation infrastructure of British Columbia, increasing road safety and protecting the motoring public.

References

  1. "Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Estimates". March 21, 2014.
  2. "DOT appoints acting AI chief to lead FMCSA".
  3. Public law Archived 2010-06-11 at the Wayback Machine -106-159; Accessed 2010-12-16
  4. "FMCSA 2015-2018 Strategic Plan". Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. October 14, 2018.
  5. "Administrator". August 18, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  6. "FMCSA boss to step down". October 10, 2019.
  7. "Deputy Administrator". Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. November 22, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  8. "Gautreaux begins tenure as FMCSA's deputy administrator". Fleet Owner. November 27, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  9. "Government Officials at the US Department of Transportation | US Department of Transportation". www.transportation.gov.
  10. "Clapp Sworn in as Head of Motor Carrier Safety Agency". www.fmcsa.dot.gov.
  11. "CLAPP TO LEAVE U.S. FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION". www.freightwaves.com.
  12. "Sandberg Sworn in as New FMCSA Administrator". fmcsa.dot.gov.
  13. "FMCSA Administrator Annette Sandberg resigns". fleetowner.com.
  14. "SHARING IDEAS TO SAVE LIVES - Federal Motor Carrier Safety". yumpu.com. p. 13.
  15. "Ferro sworn in as FMCSA head". ccjdigital.com.
  16. "Ferro sworn in as FMCSA head". ccjdigital.com.
  17. "FMCSA's Anne Ferro to Depart". ww.ttnews.com.
  18. "Scott Darling officially nominated to lead FMCSA". arizonatrucking.com.
  19. "FMCSA administrator selection supports ELD mandate". busandmotorcoachnews.com.
  20. "CSA - About CSA". csa.fmcsa.dot.gov.
  21. "FAST Act: Compliance, Safety, Accountability". Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. January 29, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  22. "Hours of Service | FMCSA". www.fmcsa.dot.gov. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  23. "National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners | FMCSA". www.fmcsa.dot.gov. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  24. "Complying with Congressional statute, FMCSA submits plan to reform CSA". Overdrive. August 14, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  25. "CSA Overhaul Under Way" (PDF). Help Inc. (PrePass). Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  26. "FMCSA Notice". September 28, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  27. "ATA, OOIDA, Others Ask For Removal Of CSA Scores". Truckers Report. August 28, 2014. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  28. "Trucking and CSA Reform: The $64,000 Question". Truckinginfo. July 6, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  29. "H.R.1568 - Transportation and Logistics Hiring Reform Act of 2017 (115th Congress 2017-2018)". Congress.Gov. March 17, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  30. "S.1345 - Transportation and Logistics Hiring Reform Act of 2017". Congress.Gov. June 13, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  31. "New Report Recommends CSA Program Overhaul: What Now". Truckinginfo. July 6, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  32. "CSA scores and their impact on carrier insurance costs". FreightWaves. January 4, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  33. Jaillet, James (November 10, 2015). "ATRI offers glimpse into how CSA scores could change with non-fault crashes removed". Commercial Carrier Journal (CCJ). Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  34. "Safety Information for Travelers and Trip Planners | FMCSA". www.fmcsa.dot.gov. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  35. "Are You Moving to Another State? Protect Yourself From Moving Fraud. | FMCSA". www.fmcsa.dot.gov. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  36. "Search by Company". ai.fmcsa.dot.gov. Retrieved January 7, 2023.

Sources

1. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration - About Us

2. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration - Key Programs

3. Comprehensive Safety Analysis 2010