Flaveria trinervia

Last updated

Flaveria trinervia
Starr 020116-0071 Flaveria trinervia.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Flaveria
Species:
F. trinervia
Binomial name
Flaveria trinervia
Synonyms [1]
Synonymy
  • Brotera contrayerbaSpreng.
  • Brotera sprengeliiCass.
  • Brotera trinervata(Willd.) Pers.
  • Eupatorium chilenseMolina
  • Flaveria repandaLag.
  • Flaveria trinervata(Willd.) Baill.
  • Oedera trinerviaSpreng.

Flaveria trinervia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names clustered yellowtops, [2] speedyweed, [2] and yellow twinstem. [2] It is native to parts of the Americas, including the southeastern and southwestern United States (Florida, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico), [3] most of the Bahamas, Mexico, Belize, and parts of the Caribbean, [4] especially Cuba, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Barbados. [5] It is also known in many other places as an introduced species and often a noxious weed, such as in Hawaii. [6] [7]

Flaveria trinervia grows easily in many types of wet habitats, including saline and alkaline soils and highly disturbed habitat. This is an annual herb growing erect and known to exceed two meters (7 feet) in height. The lance-shaped to oval leaves are each up to 15 centimeters (8 inches) long and arranged oppositely in pairs around the stem, their bases sometimes fused together. The edges of the leaves generally have tiny widely spaced teeth. The inflorescence is a large dense cluster of many very small flower heads, sometimes over 300 in one cluster. Each flower head contains 0-1 yellow or whitish ray floret and 0-2 yellow disc florets. [8] [4]

This plant exhibits C4 carbon fixation. Phototoxic secondary metabolites have been found in the flower head of (Asteraceae) Flaveria trinervia and bark of Simira salvadorensis . [9]

The Australian species F. australasica is very similar and possibly closely related to F. trinervia. Some authors treat the two as distinct species [10] [11] while others consider F. australasica as a synonym of F. trinervia. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Flaveria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Flaveria is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae. They are sometimes called yellowtops. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in heads, with zero, one, or two ray florets in each head. These plants are found in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia.

<i>Oedera</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae

Oedera is a genus of African flowering plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae. The genus is named in honor of the Danish botanist Georg Christian Oeder.

Flaveria chlorifolia, the clasping yellowtops, is a North American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.

<i>Flaveria campestris</i> Species of flowering plant

Flaveria campestris, common name alkali yellowtops, is a plant species native to the southwestern United States and to the southern Great Plains. It is found on saline soils and on the margins of lakes, ponds and streams.

<i>Flaveria bidentis</i> Species of flowering plant

Flaveria bidentis, the coastal plain yellowtops, is a South American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It is native to South America, and naturalized in many places.

Flaveria brownii, or Brown's yellowtops, is a North American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It is found only in the coastal regions of southern Texas in the United States. It grows primarily in sand dunes and salt marshes.

Flaveria pubescens is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in the States of Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí in northeastern Mexico.

Flaveria oppositifolia is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in northeastern Mexico, from Tamaulipas west to Coahuila, south as far as Hidalgo and Aguascalientes. Some sources report the species to be present in the State of Texas in the United States, but the Texas populations have been recognized as a distinct species, F. brownii.

Flaveria floridana, the Florida yellowtops, is a North American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only along the Gulf Coast of Florida between Clearwater and Marco Island, mostly in the Tampa Bay region.

Flaveria linearis, known as narrowleaf yellowtops, is a North American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It is native to Florida, Cuba, Bahamas, and the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico.

Flaveria sonorensis is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in southern Sonora and southwestern Chihuahua in northwestern Mexico. Some of the populations lie very close to hot mineral springs.

Flaveria angustifolia is a Mexican plant species of yellowtops within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in central Mexico, in Oaxaca, Guerrero, Puebla, and the Distrito Federal.

Flaveria vaginata is a very rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in two locations in central Mexico, one in northwestern Oaxaca, the other in southwestern Puebla.

Flaveria mcdougallii is a very rare North American plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found in 4 locations in the Grand Canyon in northwestern Arizona in the southwestern United States, in Mohave County and Coconino County. Many of the populations lie inside Grand Canyon National Park, others within the Hualapai Indian Reservation.

Flaveria cronquistii is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in the States of Puebla and Oaxaca in central Mexico.

Flaveria robusta is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in Colima and nearby western Michoacán in west-central Mexico.

Flaveria australasica is an Australian plant species of yellowtops within the family Asteraceae. It has been found in New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, and Northern Territory.

Flaveria palmeri is a rare Mexican plant species of Flaveria within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in the States of Coahuila and Nuevo León in northeastern Mexico.

Flaveria anomala is a Mexican plant species of yellowtops within the family Asteraceae. It has been found only in northeastern Mexico, in Coahuila, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, and Zacatecas.

<i>Inula hookeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Inula hookeri, Hooker's inula or Hooker's fleabane, is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower and daisy family Asteraceae. It is a native of the Himalayas, India (Sikkim), Myanmar and China, where it grows in a variety of open habitats at 2,400–3,600 m (7,900–11,800 ft).

References

  1. ↑ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species" . Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 "Flaveria trinervia". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  3. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  4. 1 2 Powell, Albert Michael. 1979. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65(2): 628-629 description and commentary in English, distribution map on page 625
  5. ↑ Flora of the West Indies
  6. ↑ Marin Life Photography photos in Hawai'i
  7. ↑ Flora of Zimbabwe
  8. ↑ Flora of North America, Flaveria trinervia (Sprengel) C. Mohr, 1901. Clustered yellowtops
  9. ↑ Arnason, Thor; Morand, Peter; Salvador, Judy; Reyes, Isbelia; Lambert, John; Towers, Neil (1983). "Phototoxic substances from Flaveria trinervia and Simira salvadorensis". Phytochemistry. 22 (2): 594–595. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(83)83056-8.
  10. ↑ Powell, Albert Michael. 1979. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65(2): 629-630 description and commentary in English
  11. ↑ The Plant List, Flaveria australasica Hook.
  12. ↑ Atlas of Living Australia, Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C.Mohr
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.