German submarine U-107 (1940)

Last updated
Bundesarchiv Bild 101II-MW-3956-05A, Frankreich, Lorient, U-107.jpg
U-107 at Lorient in November 1941
History
War ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg Nazi Germany
NameU-107
Ordered24 May 1938
Builder DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen
Yard number970
Laid down6 December 1939
Launched2 July 1940
Commissioned8 October 1940
Homeport Lorient, France
FateSunk, 18 August 1944 [1]
General characteristics
Class and type Type IXB U-boat
Displacement
  • 1,051  t (1,034 long tons) surfaced
  • 1,178 t (1,159 long tons) submerged
Length
Beam
  • 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in) o/a
  • 4.40 m (14 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draught4.70 m (15 ft 5 in)
Installed power
  • 4,400 PS (3,200 kW; 4,300 bhp) (diesels)
  • 1,000 PS (740 kW; 990 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 18.2 knots (33.7 km/h; 20.9 mph) surfaced
  • 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) submerged
Range
  • 12,000  nmi (22,000 km; 14,000 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 64 nmi (119 km; 74 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth230 m (750 ft)
Complement48 to 56 officers and ratings
Armament
Service record
Part of:
Identification codes: M 39 808
Commanders:
Operations:
  • 13 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • 24 January – 1 March 1941
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 29 March – 2 July 1941
  • 3rd patrol:
  • 6 September – 11 November 1941
  • 4th patrol:
  • 10 – 26 December 1941
  • 5th patrol:
  • 7 January – 7 March 1942
  • 6th patrol:
  • 21 April – 11 July 1942
  • 7th patrol:
  • 15 August – 18 November 1942
  • 8th patrol:
  • 30 January – 25 March 1943
  • 9th patrol:
  • 24 April – 26 May 1943
  • 10th patrol:
  • a. 28 July – 3 October 1943
  • b. 10 – 12 November 1943
  • 11th patrol:
  • a. 16 November 1943 – 8 January 1944
  • b. 30 April – 2 May 1944
  • 12th patrol:
  • 10 May – 23 July 1944
  • 13th patrol:
  • 16 – 18 Aug 1944
Victories:
  • 37 merchant ships sunk
    (207,375  GRT)
  • 2 auxiliary warships sunk
    (10,411  GRT)
  • 3 merchant ships damaged
    (17,392  GRT)
  • 1 auxiliary warship damaged
    (8,246  GRT)

German submarine U-107 was a Type IXB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that operated during World War II. Between January 1941 and August 1944, she sailed on 13 active patrols at a time when a U-boat averaged a lifespan of seven to ten patrols. During that time, U-107 sank 39 Allied ships and damaged four. The U-boat was launched on 2 July 1940, based at the U-boat port of Lorient, with a crew of 53 under the initial command of Günter Hessler. She was later commanded, in order, by Harald Gelhaus, Valker Simmermacher and her final commander, Karl Heinz Fritz.

Contents

Design

Type IXB submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IX submarines, later designated IXA. U-107 had a displacement of 1,051 tonnes (1,034 long tons) when at the surface and 1,178 tonnes (1,159 long tons) while submerged. [2] The U-boat had a total length of 76.50 m (251 ft), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 metric horsepower (740 kW; 990 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft). [2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.2 knots (33.7 km/h; 20.9 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph). [2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 64 nautical miles (119 km; 74 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 12,000 nautical miles (22,000 km; 14,000 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-107 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 as well as a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight. [2]

Service history

First patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage [Note 1] ConvoyPosition
3 February 1941 Empire Citizen Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,683 Convoy OB 279 58°12′N23°22′W / 58.200°N 23.367°W / 58.200; -23.367
3 February 1941 Crispin Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 5,051 Convoy OB 280 56°38′N20°05′W / 56.633°N 20.083°W / 56.633; -20.083
6 February 1941 Maplecourt Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg  Canada 3,388 Convoy SC 20 57°33′N17°24′W / 57.550°N 17.400°W / 57.550; -17.400
23 February 1941 Manistee Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 5,360 Convoy OB 288 58°13′N21°33′W / 58.217°N 21.550°W / 58.217; -21.550

Second patrol and most successful period

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
8 April 1941 Helena Margareta Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,316 Convoy OG 57 33°00′N23°52′W / 33.000°N 23.867°W / 33.000; -23.867
8 April 1941 Eskdene Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,829 Convoy OG 57 34°43′N24°21′W / 34.717°N 24.350°W / 34.717; -24.350
9 April 1941 Harpathian Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,671 Convoy OG 57 32°22′N22°53′W / 32.367°N 22.883°W / 32.367; -22.883
9 April 1941 Duffield Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8,516 Convoy OG 57 31°13′N23°24′W / 31.217°N 23.400°W / 31.217; -23.400
21 April 1941 Calchas Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 10,305 23°50′N27°00′W / 23.833°N 27.000°W / 23.833; -27.000
30 April 1941 Lassell Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,417 Convoy OB 309 12°55′N28°56′W / 12.917°N 28.933°W / 12.917; -28.933
17 May 1941 Marisa Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 8,029 06°10′N18°09′W / 6.167°N 18.150°W / 6.167; -18.150
18 May 1941 Piako Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8,286 07°52′N14°57′W / 7.867°N 14.950°W / 7.867; -14.950
27 May 1941 Colonial Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,108 Convoy OB 318 09°13′N15°09′W / 9.217°N 15.150°W / 9.217; -15.150
28 May 1941 Papalemos Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece 3,748 08°06′N16°18′W / 8.100°N 16.300°W / 8.100; -16.300
31 May 1941 Sire Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,664 08°50′N15°30′W / 8.833°N 15.500°W / 8.833; -15.500
1 June 1941 Alfred Jones Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,013 Convoy OB 320 08°00′N15°00′W / 8.000°N 15.000°W / 8.000; -15.000
8 June 1941 Adda Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,816 Convoy OB 323 08°30′N14°39′W / 8.500°N 14.650°W / 8.500; -14.650
13 June 1941 Pandias Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece 4,981 07°49′N23°28′W / 7.817°N 23.467°W / 7.817; -23.467

Third patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
24 September 1941 Dixcove Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,790 Convoy SL 87 31°12′N23°41′W / 31.200°N 23.683°W / 31.200; -23.683
24 September 1941 Lafian Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,876 Convoy SL 87 31°12′N23°32′W / 31.200°N 23.533°W / 31.200; -23.533
24 September 1941 John Holt Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,975 Convoy SL 87 31°12′N23°32′W / 31.200°N 23.533°W / 31.200; -23.533

Fifth patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
31 January 1942 San Arcadio Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,419 38°10′N63°50′W / 38.167°N 63.833°W / 38.167; -63.833
6 February 1942 Major Wheeler Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 3,431E of Cape Hatteras
21 February 1942 Egda Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 10,068 Convoy ON 65 41°12′N52°55′W / 41.200°N 52.917°W / 41.200; -52.917 Damaged

Sixth patrol

U-107 meets a supply ship in the South Atlantic Bundesarchiv Bild 101II-MW-4284-30A, Sudatlantik, U-107 mit Versorgungsschiff.jpg
U-107 meets a supply ship in the South Atlantic
DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
29 May 1942 Western Head Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2,599 19°57′N74°18′W / 19.950°N 74.300°W / 19.950; -74.300
1 June 1942 Bushranger Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 4,536 18°15′N81°25′W / 18.250°N 81.417°W / 18.250; -81.417
7 June 1942 Castilla Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras 3,910 20°15′N83°18′W / 20.250°N 83.300°W / 20.250; -83.300
8 June 1942 Suwied Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 3,249 20°00′N84°48′W / 20.000°N 84.800°W / 20.000; -84.800
10 June 1942 Merrimack Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 2,606 19°47′N85°55′W / 19.783°N 85.917°W / 19.783; -85.917
19 June 1942 Cheerio Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 35 18°02′N67°40′W / 18.033°N 67.667°W / 18.033; -67.667
26 June 1942 Jagersfontein Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 10,083 31°56′N54°48′W / 31.933°N 54.800°W / 31.933; -54.800

Eighth patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
3 September 1942 Hollinside Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,172 38°00′N09°00′W / 38.000°N 9.000°W / 38.000; -9.000
3 September 1942 Penrose Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,393 38°00′N09°00′W / 38.000°N 9.000°W / 38.000; -9.000
7 October 1942 Andalucia Star Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 14,943 06°38′N15°46′W / 6.633°N 15.767°W / 6.633; -15.767

Ninth patrol

Moderately damaged by the attack.
Undamaged
DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
22 February 1943 Roxborough Castle Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,801 38°12′N26°22′W / 38.200°N 26.367°W / 38.200; -26.367
13 March 1943 Oporto Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2,352 Convoy OS 44 42°45′N13°31′W / 42.750°N 13.517°W / 42.750; -13.517
13 March 1943 Marcella Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,592 Convoy OS 44 42°45′N13°31′W / 42.750°N 13.517°W / 42.750; -13.517
13 March 1943 Sembilangan Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 4,990 Convoy OS 44 42°45′N13°31′W / 42.750°N 13.517°W / 42.750; -13.517
13 March 1943 SS Clan Alpine Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,442 Convoy OS 44 42°45′N13°31′W / 42.750°N 13.517°W / 42.750; -13.517

Tenth patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
1 May 1943 Port Victor Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 12,411 47°49′N22°02′W / 47.817°N 22.033°W / 47.817; -22.033

Eleventh patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage [Note 2] ConvoyPosition
28 August 1943 Albert Gallatin Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 7,176Off Savannah, Georgia Damaged
11 September 1943 USS Rapidan Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Navy 8,246 Convoy NG 385 32°39′N79°43′W / 32.650°N 79.717°W / 32.650; -79.717 Damaged

Fifteenth patrol

DateNameFlagTonnage (GRT) ConvoyPosition
13 June 1944 Lark Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 148 43°00′N65°12′W / 43.000°N 65.200°W / 43.000; -65.200 Damaged

Sixteenth and final patrol

On 16 August 1944, U-107 departed from Lorient on a transport run to La Pallice. [3] She was intercepted on 18 August in the Bay of Biscay, west of La Rochelle, in position 46°46′N03°49′W / 46.767°N 3.817°W / 46.767; -3.817 , by Allied forces, and was sunk by depth charges from a Short Sunderland (serial EJ150) of No. 201 Squadron, Royal Air Force. All 58 hands were lost. [4] [5]

Wolfpacks

U-107 took part in 15 wolfpacks, namely:

Summary of raiding history

DateNameNationalityTonnage
(GRT) 		Fate [6]
3 February 1941 Empire Citizen Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,683Sunk
3 February 1941 HMS Crispin Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 5,051Sunk
6 February 1941 Maplecourt Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg  Canada 3,388Sunk
23 February 1941 HMS Manistee Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 5,360Sunk
8 April 1941 Eskdene Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,829Sunk
8 April 1941 Helena Margareta Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,316Sunk
9 April 1941 Harpathian Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,671Sunk
9 April 1941 Duffield Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8,516Sunk
21 April 1941 Calchas Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 10,305Sunk
30 April 1941 Lassell Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,417Sunk
17 May 1941 Marisa Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 8,029Sunk
18 May 1941 Piako Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8,286Sunk
27 May 1941 Colonial Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,108Sunk
28 May 1941 Papalemos Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece 3,748Sunk
31 May 1941 Sire Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,664Sunk
1 June 1941 Alfred Jones Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,013Sunk
8 June 1941 Adda Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,816Sunk
13 June 1941 Pandias Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece 4,981Sunk
24 September 1941 John Holt Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,975Sunk
24 September 1941 Dixcove Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,790Sunk
24 September 1941 Lafian Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,876Sunk
31 January 1942 San Arcadio Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,419Sunk
6 February 1942 Major Wheeler Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 3,431Sunk
21 February 1942 Egda Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 10,068Damaged
29 May 1942 Western Head Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2,599Sunk
1 June 1942 Bushranger Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 4,536Sunk
7 June 1942 Castilla Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras 3,910Sunk
8 June 1942 Suwied Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 3,249Sunk
10 June 1942 Merrimack Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 2,606Sunk
19 June 1942 Cheerio Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 35Sunk
26 June 1942 Jagersfontein Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 10,083Sunk
3 September 1942 Hollinside Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,172Sunk
3 September 1942 Penrose Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,393Sunk
7 October 1942 Andalucia Star Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 14,943Sunk
22 February 1943 Roxborough Castle Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,801Sunk
13 March 1943 SS Clan Alpine Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,442Sunk
13 March 1943 Marcella Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,592Sunk
13 March 1943 Oporto Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2,352Sunk
13 March 1943 Sembilangan Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 4,990Sunk
1 May 1943 Port Victor Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 12,411Sunk
28 August 1943 Albert Gallatin Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 7,176Damaged
11 September 1943 USS Rapidan Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Navy 8,246Damaged
13 June 1944 Lark Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States 148Damaged

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References

Notes

  1. ↑ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons which is a measure of internal capacity. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement which is a measure of ship weight.
  2. ↑ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

Citations

  1. ↑ Kemp 1999, p. 210.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Gröner 1991, p. 68.
  3. ↑ Busch & Röll 2003, p. 447.
  4. ↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXB boat U-107". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  5. ↑ Landers, Brian. "Caught on the Surface". Aeroplane (April 2012). Cudham: Kelsey Publishing: 16–22. ISSN   0143-7240.
  6. ↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-107". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2014.

Bibliography

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