Hawkesbury | |
---|---|
Town of Hawkesbury Ville de Hawkesbury (French) | |
Nickname: Birthplace of Andrew Alberts-Scherer | |
Motto(s): "Vaillant et Veillant" (French) "Valiant and Vigilant" | |
Coordinates: 45°36′30″N74°36′06″W / 45.6083°N 74.6017°W | |
Country | Canada |
Province | Ontario |
County | United Counties of Prescott and Russell |
Established | 1859 |
Government | |
• Type | Town |
• Mayor | Robert Lefebvre |
• Governing Body | Hawkesbury Town Council |
• MP | Francis Drouin (LP) |
• MPP | Stéphane Sarrazin (PCO) |
Area | |
• Total | 9.62 km2 (3.71 sq mi) |
Elevation | 33 m (108 ft) |
Population (2016) [2] | |
• Total | 10,263 |
• Density | 1,067.3/km2 (2,764/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
Postal code | K6A |
Area code(s) | 613 |
Website | www |
Hawkesbury is a town in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell in Eastern Ontario, Canada. Hawkesbury is the third most bilingual town in Ontario, with about 70% of its inhabitants being fluent in English and French. Franco-Ontarians make up 89% of the population. [3]
The Long-Sault Bridge links it to Grenville, Quebec to the north. This bridge, crossing Chenail Island, is the only interprovincial bridge between Ontario and Quebec east of Ottawa. Hawkesbury is about halfway between Ottawa and Montréal.
The name Hawkesbury derives from a combination of Hawks, a family name, and bury, a transformation of berry (castle). [4]
Founded in 1798, Hawkesbury was named after the Right Honourable Charles Jenkinson, Baron Hawkesbury. [5]
Thomas Mears and David Pattee, two Americans, entered into a partnership in 1805, in order to harness the power of the lower Ottawa River and built the first sawmill on the Upper Canada side of the river. The town of Hawkesbury developed around this mill. [6] Mears also built the Union, the Ottawa River's first steamer. Demand for timber during the Napoleonic Wars created a boom. The mill complex continued to grow for at least the next half century, and by 1870 it included 145 different saws and created over 35 million board feet of lumber per year. [7]
Timber and pulp-and-paper industries have been supplanted by textiles, synthetic fibres, metal extrusions, steel, glass and plastics. Hawkesbury has also become the business and service centre of the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. The Grenville Canal on the Quebec side of the Ottawa River opposite Hawkesbury was an important link in the river's transportation system.
Part of Hawkesbury was submerged by the Carillon Hydro-Québec dam built between 1950 and 1962, which called for the demolition of over 300 houses in and around Hawkesbury. [8] New developments today are happening due to baby boomers from Ottawa, Montreal and area purchasing some of the many new condos in town.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1841 | 250 | — |
1871 | 1,671 | +568.4% |
1881 | 1,920 | +14.9% |
1891 | 2,042 | +6.4% |
1901 | 4,150 | +103.2% |
1911 | 4,400 | +6.0% |
1921 | 5,544 | +26.0% |
1931 | 5,177 | −6.6% |
1941 | 6,249 | +20.7% |
1951 | 7,194 | +15.1% |
1961 | 8,661 | +20.4% |
1971 | 9,276 | +7.1% |
1981 | 9,877 | +6.5% |
1991 | 9,706 | −1.7% |
2001 | 10,314 | +6.3% |
2006 | 10,869 | +5.4% |
2011 | 10,551 | −2.9% |
2016 | 10,263 | −2.7% |
[1] [2] |
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Hawkesbury had a population of 10,194 living in 5,080 of its 5,308 total private dwellings, a change of -0.7% from its 2016 population of 10,263. With a land area of 10.1 km2 (3.9 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,009.3/km2 (2,614.1/sq mi) in 2021. [9]
2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
---|---|---|---|
Population | 10,194 (-0.7% from 2016) | 10,263 (-2.7% from 2011) | 10,551 (-2.9% from 2006) |
Land area | 10.10 km2 (3.90 sq mi) | 9.62 km2 (3.71 sq mi) | 9.46 km2 (3.65 sq mi) |
Population density | 1,009.7/km2 (2,615/sq mi) | 1,067.3/km2 (2,764/sq mi) | 1,115.6/km2 (2,889/sq mi) |
Median age | 54.8 (M: 52.8, F: 56.4) | 52.5 (M: 50.8, F: 53.9) | 49.2 (M: 47.6, F: 50.9) |
Private dwellings | 5,308 (total) 5,080 (occupied) | 5,231 (total) | 5,256 (total) |
Median household income | $53,200 | $42,001 | $39,981 |
The 2006 census found that French was the native language of 77% of the population, while English was the mother tongue of 16%. A very high percentage (2.7%) claim both French and English as their mother tongues. In 2006, this was the highest proportion in Canada. [15] [16]
According to the 2011 census, the percentage of the population declaring solely French as a mother tongue grew to 78.6% while the proportion of the population declaring solely English as a mother tongue declined to 15.3%. The percentage claiming both French and English as their mother tongues declined below 2.00% by 2011. [17]
First official language spoken | Population | Percentage |
---|---|---|
French | 8,280 | 78.6% |
English | 1,915 | 15.3% |
Non-official languages | 380 | 4% |
In parallel to the responses to the census question about ethnocultural ancestries, which are shown below, 1.0% of the population also reported having an Aboriginal identity, while 3.1% reported having a visible minority status (including 2.0% who identified as South Asian). [18]
Single responses: 42.4% of respondents gave a single response of 'Canadian', while a further 25.3% identified with both 'Canadian', and one or more other ancestries. 13.4% of respondents gave a single response of French, 1.9% gave a single response of Irish, 1.9% gave a single response of English and 1.1% gave a single response of North American Indian.
Multiple responses: Counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnocultural ancestries were:
Canadian | 67.8% |
French | 38.7% |
English | 7.9% |
Irish | 6.7% |
Scottish | 4.8% |
North American Indian | 3.3% |
German | 1.7% |
Italian | 1.3% |
Greek | 1.0% |
Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents and may total more than 100% due to dual responses.
All ethnocultural ancestries of more than 1% are listed in the table above according to the exact terminology used by Statistics Canada. [19]
Hawkesbury is located along Prescott and Russell County Road 17, a former routing of Highway 17 and the Trans-Canada Highway which connects with Highway 417 eastwards to Montreal. Hawkesbury also connects to Highway 417 westward to Ottawa through a 17 kilometres (11 mi) spur of Highway 34.
The Long-Sault Interprovincial Bridge between Hawkesbury, Ontario, and Grenville, Quebec, means that Hawkesbury is within minutes of Autoroute 50 and Route 148 in Quebec.
The town is served by two small airports:
Hawkesbury hosts many establishments in the field of education, from elementary schools to colleges and an adult campus.
Elementary Schools:
Secondary Schools:
Post-secondary establishments:
Other educational-based establishments:
Hawkesbury and area are served primarily by local media, media from Montreal and by media from Ottawa. The town does, however, have four radio stations which broadcast at least partially from local studios in Hawkesbury.
Le Régional is a bilingual independent newspaper that covers the Prescott-Russell region and the municipalities of Grenville and Grenville-sur-la-Rouge in Québec.
Le Carillon, a French-language newspaper, and its bilingual supplement The Tribune Express that cover Hawkesbury and the Prescott-Russell region and are published by the Edition André Paquette Group.
The Review is an English-language weekly newspaper that covers the Glengarry-Prescott-Russell area, which includes Hawkesbury.
Gatineau is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, immediately across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041, and it is part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307 making it the fourth largest in Canada.
North Grenville is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville on the Rideau River. It is located just south of Ottawa in Canada's National Capital Region.
Casselman is a village in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Situated on the South Nation River about 55 km (34 mi) southeast of downtown Ottawa, along the Trans-Canada Highway 417. It is served by a station on the Montreal-Ottawa Via Rail train, twice a day in each direction.
Champlain is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell on the Ottawa River. It was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of West Hawkesbury Township, Longueuil Township, Town of Vankleek Hill, and the Village of L'Orignal.
Temiskaming Shores is a city in the Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It was created by the amalgamation of the town of New Liskeard, the town of Haileybury, and the township of Dymond in 2004. The city had a total population of 9,634 in the Canada 2021 Census. Temiskaming Shores is Ontario's second-smallest city, in terms of population, after Dryden. Haileybury is the seat of Timiskaming District.
East Hawkesbury is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Situated on the Ottawa River, its eastern boundary is the border with the province of Quebec.
The United Counties of Prescott and Russell is a county located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is L'Orignal. The county was created as a result of a merger between Russell County and Prescott County in 1820. It is located in Eastern Ontario, in the wedge-shaped area between the Ottawa River and St. Lawrence River, approximately 55 kilometres (34 mi) east of the City of Ottawa. Under Ontario law, the county is an Upper-tier Municipality.
Maria-Chapdelaine is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Dolbeau-Mistassini.
Eastern Ontario is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario which lies in a wedge-shaped area between the Ottawa River and St. Lawrence River. It shares water boundaries with Quebec to the north and New York State to the east and south, as well as a small land boundary with the Vaudreuil-Soulanges region of Quebec to the east.
Kemptville is a community located in the Municipality of North Grenville in Eastern Ontario, Canada in the northernmost part of the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. It is located approximately 56 km (35 mi) south of the downtown core of Ottawa and 2.5 to 3 km south of the Rideau River.
Glengarry—Prescott—Russell is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1953.
Embrun, is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario in the Eastern Ontario region. Embrun is also part of the National Capital Region. Embrun is part of the larger Russell Township in Prescott and Russell United Counties. In 2011, the urban area of Embrun had a total population of 6,380, but if surrounding agricultural areas closely tied to the community are included, the population figure rises to 8,669. This makes Embrun the largest community in the Township of Russell.
The Township of Russell is a municipal township, located south-east of Canada's capital of Ottawa in eastern Ontario, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell, on the Castor River.
Grenville-sur-la-Rouge is a municipality in the Argenteuil Regional County Municipality in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada. It is a predominantly Francophone community situated along the southern border of Quebec between Montreal and Ottawa.
Newfoundland and Labrador is a province of Canada on the country's Atlantic coast in northeastern North America. The province has an area of 405,212 square kilometres and a population in 2024 of 540,552, with approximately 95% of the provincial population residing on the Island of Newfoundland, with more than half of the population residing on the Avalon Peninsula. People from Newfoundland and Labrador are called "Newfoundlanders," "Labradorians", or "Newfoundlanders and Labradorians".
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and the only officially bilingual province in the country. The provincial Department of Finance estimates that the province's population in 2006 was 729,997 of which the majority is English-speaking but with a substantial French-speaking minority of mostly Acadian origin.
Glengarry—Prescott—Russell is a provincial electoral district in eastern Ontario, Canada. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
Grenville is a village municipality in the Argenteuil Regional County Municipality of the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada. It is located opposite Hawkesbury, Ontario, on the Ottawa River.
Saint-André-d'Argenteuil is a municipality in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada, part of the Argenteuil Regional County Municipality. It is located along the Ottawa River, just south of Lachute.
The Perley Bridge was a bridge connecting Hawkesbury, Ontario and Grenville, Quebec. It crossed the Ottawa River via Chenail Island. It was named for George Perley, Canadian Member of Parliament representing the Argenteuil district in southern Quebec. He first advocated for a crossing at Hawkesbury in 1909. The bridge was known as the Hawkesbury–Grenville Bridge, or less frequently the Grenville–Hawkesbury Bridge prior to its completion in 1931 when the name Perley was applied. It was replaced by the Long-Sault Bridge in 1998.