Russell, Ontario

Last updated
Russell
Township (lower-tier)
Municipalité de Russell Township
Russel ON 1.JPG
Russell
Motto: 
Pax et prosperitas
RussellTownship.png
Map of Russell Township
Prescott and Russell locator map 2021.svg
Red pog.svg
Russell
Location in Prescott and Russell
Canada Southern Ontario location map 2.png
Red pog.svg
Russell
Location in Ontario
Coordinates: 45°15′25″N75°21′30″W / 45.25694°N 75.35833°W / 45.25694; -75.35833
CountryCanada
Province Ontario
County Prescott and Russell
Government
 • MayorMike Tarnowski
 • Council
Councillors
Area
[1]
 • Land199.11 km2 (76.88 sq mi)
Elevation
60 m (200 ft)
Population
 (2021) [1]
 • Total19,598
 • Density83.0/km2 (215/sq mi)
Time zone UTC−05:00 (EST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−04:00 (EDT)
Postal Code
K0A1W0 & K0A1W1 (eastern portion), K4R (western portion)
Area code(s) 613, 343
Website www.russell.ca OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

The Township of Russell is a municipal township, located south-east of Canada's capital of Ottawa in eastern Ontario, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell, on the Castor River.

Contents

The township had a population of 19,598 in the 2021 Canadian Census.

Communities

The primary communities are Embrun and Russell. The township administrative offices are located in Embrun.

Smaller communities listed in the official Ontario place names database are Felton, Forget, Marionville, North Russell and Pana. Both the municipal government and Canada Post consider Brisson and Forget to be part of Embrun, and Felton, North Russell, and Pana as part of Russell. Canada Post also considers Marionville to be part of Russell, although the municipality considers Marionville to be separate. As Marionville is on the border of the township, parts of it fall into the neighbouring jurisdictions of North Dundas Township and the City of Ottawa.

History

The Township of Russell and the Village of Russell were all named in relation to Peter Russell more than 200 years ago. Peter Russell was known to be a slave owner and believed to be an active participant in delaying legislation that would put an end to slavery in this region. The ideals of Peter Russell do not reflect the values of our Township residents and being named after this individual can be hurtful and disrespectful to our residents. At the May 2, 2022 Council Meeting, Council received a letter from the Russell Namesake Rededication Committee on the outcome of submissions and decided to remove Peter Russell as namesake and instead move forward with honouring all "Russells" who would have helped develop our community into the jewel we love today.

At one time the township was named Elmsley, it was officially named Russell in 1797.

The Great Fire in Russell

On June 6, 1915, fire started in Murray's Tinsmith Shop and quickly spread from building to building in Russell. Many residents tried to put out the fire with buckets of water, but it was evident they needed more help. Calls were made to the Ottawa Fire Department who came running faster than ever on the New York Central Railroad. They say it was the fastest a train ever went on that track. A total of twenty-five buildings were destroyed. The old land registry building lost its roof in the fire but all the records were saved. The oldest records of the building go back to 1852. The building is still standing today.

The New York Central Railway

The New York Central Railway was an essential part of Russell's development. In 1884, the Township's council knew that they needed transportation if they wanted the community to grow. There were a few train stations in the surrounding towns like South Indian (today Limoges), Osgood and Morewood, but to get there they needed to pay extra fare to take a stage. In June 1897, the council passed a by-law to raise $10,000 to aid the Ontario Pacific Railway Company to build the railway. In exchange, the railway company had to have at least two passenger trains that would stop for all the passengers each way at all the stations including Russell. The Ontario Pacific Railway Company changed its name to The Ottawa and New York Railway Company in 1898 then the line was leased to the New York Central Railway Company. With the building of the station, Russell Village became the commercial centre for the Township and also for the eastern part of Osgoode and the northern part of Winchester. The hotels were filled with travellers and settlers, new shops were opening and loads of farm animals passed through the stockyards. It became a livestock sales centre. Around 1940 the passenger traffic began diminishing, people had their own cars. In 1954 the passenger train service to Russell was abandoned. On February 14, 1957, the last train ran on the New York Central System.

Demographics

Historical census populations
YearPop.±%
1986 7,772—    
1991 10,659+37.1%
1996 11,877+11.4%
2001 12,412+4.5%
2006 13,883+11.9%
2011 15,247+9.8%
2016 16,520+8.3%
2021 19,598+18.6%

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Russell had a population of 19,598 living in 7,226 of its 7,335 total private dwellings, a change of 18.6% from its 2016 population of 16,520. With a land area of 198.78 km2 (76.75 sq mi), it had a population density of 98.6/km2 (255.4/sq mi) in 2021. [3]

Canada census – Russell community profile
2021 2016 2011
Population19,598 (+18.6% from 2016)16,520 (8.36% from 2011)15,247 (9.8% from 2006)
Land area198.78 km2 (76.75 sq mi)199.11 km2 (76.88 sq mi)199.06 km2 (76.86 sq mi)
Population density98.6/km2 (255/sq mi)83.0/km2 (215/sq mi)76.6/km2 (198/sq mi)
Median age39.6 (M: 39.2, F: 40.4)40.6 (M: 40.0, F: 41.2)39.1 (M: 38.7, F: 39.4)
Private dwellings7,225 (total) 6,008 (total) 5,345 (total) 
Median household income$102,488$99,646
References: 2021 [4] 2016 [5] 2011 [6] earlier [7] [8]

Languages

The township is predominantly English-speaking with a significant French-speaking minority. 61% of the population speaks English most often at home, while 36% speaks French most often at home. [1] The remaining 3% speak either both languages equally, or speak a non-official language most often. The different parts of the township have different distributions of language, however. Embrun has a slight francophone majority, with 50% French-speaking and 46% English-speaking. [9] Russell, on the other hand, has a stronger anglophone majority, with 86% English-speaking and 12% French-speaking. [10]

In terms of mother tongue, however, the statistics differ. Because it is more common for Francophone Canadians to switch to using English as their main language later in life, than it is for Anglophone Canadians to switch to French, the percentage of the population that has French as a mother tongue is higher than the percentage of the population that uses French as their main language at home. With the mother tongue statistic, the township is 52% anglophone and 43% francophone. [1] In Embrun, 58% have French mother tongue and 38% have English mother tongue. [9] In Russell, 75% have English mother tongue and 19% have French mother tongue. [10]

The most commonly spoken minority languages in the township are Dutch, German, Spanish, and Italian. 280 people across the township have one of these four languages as their mother tongue.

Language spoken most often at homeEntire township (number)Entire township (percentage)Embrun (number) [9] Embrun (percentage)Russell (number) [10] Russell (percentage)
English 10,05061.2%2,73543.4%3,81585.5%
French 5,83035.5%3,40554.0%52011.7%
English and French equally3252.0%1101.7%701.6%
Other2051.2%550.9%551.2%
Mother tongue languageEntire township (number) [1] Entire township (percentage)Embrun (number) [9] Embrun (percentage)Russell (number) [10] Russell (percentage)
English 8,55052.1%2,61038.1%3,33074.7%
French 7,01042.7%3,93557.5%86519.4%
English and French equally2501.5%1101.6%651.5%
Dutch 1050.6%150.2%451.0%
German 950.6%50.1%250.6%
Spanish 400.2%150.2%100.2%
Italian 400.2%200.2%100.2%
Others3202.0%1352.0%1102.5%

Ethnocultural ancestries

The township's population is 93.1% white, 3.1% Aboriginal, 1.2% Black, 0.8% Arab, and 1.7% other visible minority. [1]

The main ethnic ancestries among the white population are French, English, Irish, Scottish, German, and Dutch.

In data:

Single responses: 27.2% of respondents gave a single response of Canadian, while a further 23.6% identified with both Canadian, and one or more other ancestries. 9.7% of respondents gave a single response of French, 3.5% gave a single response of English, 3.1% gave a single response of Dutch, and 2.5% gave a single response of Irish.

Multiple responses: Counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnocultural ancestries were:

Canadian 50.8%
French 34.9%
English 20.1%
Irish 18.0%
Scottish 13.7%
German 7.6%
Dutch 5.2%
North American Indian 3.1%
Italian 2.0%

Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents and may total more than 100% due to dual responses.
All ethnocultural ancestries of more than 2% are listed in the table above according to the exact terminology used by Statistics Canada. [11]

Organisations

The Russell Agricultural Society

The Russell Agricultural Society remains a vital community resource. According to the legislatures journals, the Agricultural Society for the County of Russell began as an offshoot of the Agricultural Society for the District of Ottawa in 1845. Funds were set aside to judge crops. Records are scant till the first Russell Fair was chartered in 1858. The organization's mandate to promote agricultural heritage and the rural lifestyle is still strongly supported today (2014) with the Russell Fair traditionally held each year in September, on the first weekend after Labour Day. The community grounds are also used to celebrate other events such as Canada Day.

The Russell and District Horticultural Society

The Russell and District Horticultural Society brought neighbors together then and now. It began with the need for a community spring clean up in 1918. By January 1919 the Society was officially organized to encourage the care of lawns and shrubs and the growing of flowers and trees. Today the group has become dedicated to horticultural education and protection of the natural environment, as it continues to encourage the beautification of the community.

The Russell Lions Club

The Russell Lions Club grew from a need to fund the non-governmental needs of society. In 1947 the Ottawa Central Lions Club presented a charter to form a Lions Club in Russell. The first activity of the club was to sponsor the Russell Students Band, which then became the Russell Lions Band. The club has continued to grow, holding community dances and fundraisers to provide assistance for the less fortunate in the community. Thanks to the support of the community, the Lions Club of Russell continues today (2014) to contribute effective community service.

The Russell Historical Society and the Keith M. Boyd Museum

The Russell Historical Society and the Keith M. Boyd Museum preserve rural heritage. With the museum bearing his name, Mr. Boyd was an avid collector of historical artifacts and enjoyed sharing his knowledge with area residents through his articles in the Russell Villager. Donations from others wishing to preserve local history caused his collection to expand, requiring a home of its own. The old Baptist Church became the museum and was officially named after Mr. Boyd and opened in 1989. The Russell Historical Society maintains the buildings and the collections they house. [12]

The Kin Club of Russell

Chartered October 1, 2011, the Kin Club of Russell is part of Kin Canada. The club has been very active in a relatively short period of time and has completed the following projects; Russell Winter Carnival, Poutmasters (a local fishing derby for mudpout), Reality Tour (drug awareness program for high schools), RocKIN' Away With Diamonds (a '50s and '60s dance), Marchons Pour Jonathan Pitre Butterfly Mile, Catch the Ace lottery and Trivia Nights. Its biggest contribution so far has been consulting and fundraising for the new Russell Township 4.8 million dollar Sports Dome, opened January 8, 2018. The Club meets once a month and consists of both men and women.

Climate

Climate data for Russell
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)13.5
(56.3)		14.0
(57.2)		23.5
(74.3)		31.5
(88.7)		32.8
(91.0)		34.5
(94.1)		36.1
(97.0)		36.5
(97.7)		34.0
(93.2)		28.0
(82.4)		22.8
(73.0)		17.5
(63.5)		36.5
(97.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)−5.3
(22.5)		−2.7
(27.1)		2.9
(37.2)		11.9
(53.4)		19.4
(66.9)		24.2
(75.6)		26.6
(79.9)		25.3
(77.5)		20.4
(68.7)		13.1
(55.6)		5.9
(42.6)		−1.5
(29.3)		11.7
(53.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)−10.2
(13.6)		−8.0
(17.6)		−2.2
(28.0)		6.4
(43.5)		13.3
(55.9)		18.4
(65.1)		20.8
(69.4)		19.5
(67.1)		14.8
(58.6)		8.2
(46.8)		1.9
(35.4)		−5.6
(21.9)		6.5
(43.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−14.9
(5.2)		−13.1
(8.4)		−7.3
(18.9)		0.9
(33.6)		7.2
(45.0)		12.5
(54.5)		14.9
(58.8)		13.6
(56.5)		9.1
(48.4)		3.2
(37.8)		−2.1
(28.2)		−9.7
(14.5)		1.2
(34.2)
Record low °C (°F)−40.0
(−40.0)		−38.9
(−38.0)		−32.5
(−26.5)		−16.1
(3.0)		−4.4
(24.1)		−1.0
(30.2)		4.0
(39.2)		1.1
(34.0)		−5.5
(22.1)		−8.5
(16.7)		−23.5
(−10.3)		−33.5
(−28.3)		−40.0
(−40.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)75.0
(2.95)		61.1
(2.41)		67.6
(2.66)		75.6
(2.98)		84.5
(3.33)		97.0
(3.82)		94.1
(3.70)		83.9
(3.30)		94.4
(3.72)		86.1
(3.39)		86.9
(3.42)		74.8
(2.94)		981.0
(38.62)
Average rainfall mm (inches)26.9
(1.06)		23.0
(0.91)		31.6
(1.24)		64.9
(2.56)		84.1
(3.31)		97.0
(3.82)		94.1
(3.70)		83.9
(3.30)		94.4
(3.72)		82.8
(3.26)		70.3
(2.77)		36.4
(1.43)		789.2
(31.07)
Average snowfall cm (inches)48.2
(19.0)		38.1
(15.0)		36.0
(14.2)		10.7
(4.2)		0.4
(0.2)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		3.3
(1.3)		16.7
(6.6)		38.5
(15.2)		191.8
(75.5)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)14.611.812.514.415.114.013.713.014.115.516.014.2169.1
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)4.44.57.512.6151413.71314.11512.76.6133.2
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)11.88.76.62.90.1200000.814.59.645
Source: Environment Canada [13]

Politics

Township Council

The current council of Russell Township was elected on October 24, 2022 in the 2022 Ontario municipal elections.

  • Lisa Deacon
  • Mark Lalonde
  • Jamie Laurin
  • Mike Tarnowsksi

Source: [14]

The municipal offices are located at 717 Notre-Dame St. in Embrun. [15]

Federal and provincial representation

Russell federal election results [16]
Year Liberal Conservative New Democratic Green
2021 42%4,79138%4,35512%1,4302%226
2019 43%4,71040%4,47412%1,3063%328
Russell provincial election results [17]
Year PC New Democratic Liberal Green
2022 42%3,3269%75639%3,1254%335
2018 47%3,93218%1,49531%2,6203%241

The township is located within the federal electoral district of Glengarry—Prescott—Russell. It is represented by Francis Drouin (Liberal). The provincial electoral district, also named Glengarry—Prescott—Russell, is represented by Amanda Simard (Independent).

List of former reeves and mayors

All reeves and mayors
1William Craig1864–1867
2William Z. Helmer1870–1871
3Arthur Carscadden1872
4William Z. Helmer1879
5W.R. Petrie1883–1884
6Peter Bolton1885–1886
7William Z. Helmer1887
8Peter Bolton1888–1889
9Antoine Paquet1890
10Duncan McDiarmid1891–1895
11Cyprien St-Onge1896–1897
12Duncan McDiarmid1898–1900
13Antoine Paquet1901–1903
14Trefflé Émard1904–1905
15William Argue1906
16Cyprien St-Onge1907
17Ovila Duford1908
18H.A. Dupuis1908
19Antoine Paquet1909–1910
20Cyprien St-Onge1911–1913
21Émile-Joseph Ménard1914–1915
22Trefflé Émard1916–1918
23Émile-Joseph Ménard1919
24Félix A. Dignard1920–1921
25Trefflé Émard1922
26Félix A. Dignard1923–1927
27Adrien L’Ériger1928–1937
28Médéric Bouchard1938–1940
29Guillaume Émard1941–1943
30Médéric Bouchard1944–1949
31Émile B. Brisson1950–1951
32Anastase Grégoire1952–1961
33Lionel Brisson1962–1963
34W.E. Burton1964–1972
35Bernard Pelot1973v1974
36Gaston Patenaude1975–1993
37Roger Pharand1994–1996
38Gaston Patenaude1997–2002
39Michael McHugh2003–2005
40Ken Hill2006–2009
41Jean-Paul St-Pierre2010–2014
42Pierre Leroux2015––present

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franco-Ontarians</span> Francophone resident of the Canadian province of Ontario

Franco-Ontarians are Francophone Canadians that reside in the province of Ontario. Most are French Canadians from Ontario. In 2021, according to the Government of Ontario, there were 650,000 Francophones in the province. The majority of Franco-Ontarians in the province reside in Eastern Ontario, Northeastern Ontario, and Central Ontario, although small francophone communities may be found in other regions of the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clarence-Rockland</span> City in Ontario, Canada

Clarence-Rockland is a city in Eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell on the Ottawa River. Clarence-Rockland is located immediately to the east of Ottawa and is considered part of the Prescott and Russell County. The city was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of the Town of Rockland with Clarence Township. Despite its recent formation, a community has been established in the region since the early 1840s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Nation, Ontario</span> Municipality in Ontario, Canada

The Nation is a municipality in Eastern Ontario, located within Canada's National Capital Region, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Formed in 1998, the municipality consists of the former townships of Caledonia, Cambridge and South Plantagenet, as well as the Village of St. Isidore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Grenville</span> Municipality in Ontario, Canada

North Grenville is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville on the Rideau River. It is located just south of Ottawa in Canada's National Capital Region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfred and Plantagenet</span> Township in Ontario, Canada

Alfred and Plantagenet is a Franco-Ontarian township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Located approximately 70 km (43 mi) from downtown Ottawa at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the South Nation River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Casselman, Ontario</span> Village in Ontario, Canada

Casselman is a village in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Situated on the South Nation River about 55 km (34 mi) southeast of downtown Ottawa, along the Trans-Canada Highway 417. It is served by a station on the Montreal-Ottawa Via Rail train, twice a day in each direction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Champlain, Ontario</span> Township in Ontario, Canada

Champlain is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell on the Ottawa River. It was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of West Hawkesbury Township, Longueuil Township, Town of Vankleek Hill, and the Village of L'Orignal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Glengarry</span> Township in Ontario, Canada

North Glengarry is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry. It is a predominantly rural area located between Ottawa-Gatineau, Montreal and Cornwall.

This article presents the current language demographics of the Canadian province of Quebec.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawkesbury, Ontario</span> Town in Ontario, Canada

Hawkesbury is a town in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell in Eastern Ontario, Canada. Hawkesbury is the third most bilingual town in Ontario, with about 70% of its inhabitants being fluent in English and French. Franco-Ontarians make up 89% of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russell, Ontario (community)</span> Place in Ontario, Canada

Russell is a police village that is part of Russell Township in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is located immediately east of Ottawa, the city limits of which are just over 2km west of Russell. Ottawa's downtown core is about 40km (25mi) northwest of Russell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tay Valley, Ontario</span> Township in Ontario, Canada

Tay Valley is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, on the Tay River in the southwest corner of Lanark County, adjacent to the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville and Frontenac County. The township administrative offices are located in Glen Tay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East Hawkesbury</span> Township in Ontario, Canada

East Hawkesbury is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. Situated on the Ottawa River, its eastern boundary is the border with the province of Quebec.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Counties of Prescott and Russell</span> United counties in Ontario, Canada

The United Counties of Prescott and Russell is a county located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is L'Orignal. The county was created as a result of a merger between Russell County and Prescott County in 1820. It is located in Eastern Ontario, in the wedge-shaped area between the Ottawa River and St. Lawrence River, approximately 55 kilometres (34 mi) east of the City of Ottawa. Under Ontario law, the county is an Upper-tier Municipality.

Jean-Serge Brisson is a Canadian political activist, tax reform advocate, politician, and author. He is a former leader of the Libertarian Party of Canada and gained national notoriety in the 1990s for his opposition to businesses being forced to collect the provincial sales tax (PST) without being remunerated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orléans (federal electoral district)</span> Federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada

Orléans is a federal electoral district in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1988.

The bilingual belt is a term for the portion of Canada where both French and English are regularly spoken. The term was coined by Richard Joy in his 1967 book Languages in Conflict, where he wrote, "The language boundaries in Canada are hardening, with the consequent elimination of minorities everywhere except within a relatively narrow bilingual belt."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glengarry—Prescott—Russell (federal electoral district)</span> Federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada

Glengarry—Prescott—Russell is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1953.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Embrun, Ontario</span> Community in Ontario, Canada

Embrun, is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario in the Eastern Ontario region. Embrun is also part of the National Capital Region. Embrun is part of the larger Russell Township in Prescott and Russell United Counties. In 2011, the urban area of Embrun had a total population of 6,380, but if surrounding agricultural areas closely tied to the community are included, the population figure rises to 8,669. This makes Embrun the largest community in the Township of Russell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Limoges, Ontario</span> Unincorporated place and community in Ontario, Canada

Limoges, Ontario is a growing town located in The United Counties of Prescott and Russell approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Ottawa and is home to Calypso, Canada's largest water park. The east and north sides of the community are located in the township of The Nation, while the west side of the community is located in the township of Russell.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Statistics Canada (2016). "Census Profile - Russell, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario, and Prescott and Russell, United Counties [Census division], Ontario". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  2. ↑ Township of Russell, Ont., now named after 'all Russells,' not slave owner, by Sara Frizzell, at CBC.ca; published May 20, 2022; retrieved May 20, 2022
  3. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Ontario". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  4. ↑ "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census . Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  5. ↑ "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census . Statistics Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
  6. ↑ "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census . Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
  7. ↑ "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census . Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
  8. ↑ "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census . Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Statistics Canada (2016). "Census Profile - Embrun [Population Centre], Ontario, and Ontario [Province]". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Statistics Canada (2016). "Census Profile - Russell [Population Centre], Ontario, and Ontario [Province]". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  11. ↑ "Russell, TP". Ethnic Origin (247), Generation Status (4), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population 15 Years and Over of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data. Statistics Canada. 2007-11-20. Retrieved 2008-08-08.
  12. ↑ Stanley, Wendell, From Swamp and Shanty, Ottawa Ontario, The Runge Press Limited, 1987
  13. ↑ "Russell, Ontario Station Data". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (in English and French). Environment Canada. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Council". Municipality of Russell Township. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  15. ↑ "Contact Us". Municipality of Russell Township. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  16. ↑ "Official Voting Results Raw Data (poll by poll results in Russell)". Elections Canada. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
  17. ↑ "Official Voting Results by polling station (poll by poll results in Russell)". Election Ontario. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.