Heptageniidae

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Heptageniidae
Temporal range: Turonian–Present
Ephemeroptera 2.jpg
Rhithrogena germanica
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Ephemeroptera
Suborder: Pisciforma
Superfamily: Heptagenioidea
Family: Heptageniidae
Needham, 1901
Synonyms

Heptaeniidae

The Heptageniidae (synonym: Ecdyonuridae) are a family of mayflies with over 500 described species mainly distributed in the Holarctic, Oriental, and Afrotropical regions, and also present in the Central American Tropics and extreme northern South America. [1]

Contents

Description

The group is sometimes referred to as flat-headed mayflies or stream mayflies. These are generally rather small mayflies with three long tails. The wings are usually clear with prominent venation although species with variegated wings are known. As in most mayflies, the males have large compound eyes, but not divided into upper and lower parts.

Heptageniids breed mainly in fast-flowing streams, but some species use still waters. The nymphs have a flattened shape and are usually dark in colour. They use a wide range of food sources with herbivorous, scavenging, and predatory species known.

Genera

The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: [2]

  1. Afghanurus Demoulin, 1961
  2. Afronurus Lestage, 1924
  3. Amerogenia Sinitshenkova, 2000
  4. Anapos Yanai & Sartori, 2017
  5. Anepeorus McDunnough, 1925
  6. Arthroplea Bengtsson, 1908
  7. Asionurus Braasch & Soldán, 1986
  8. Atopopus Eaton, 1881
  9. Belovius Chernova, 1981
  10. Bleptus Eaton, 1885
  11. Burshtynogena Godunko & Sontag, 2004
  12. Cinygma Eaton, 1885
  13. Cinygmula McDunnough, 1933
  14. Compsoneuria Eaton, 1881
  15. Dacnogenia Kluge, 1988
  16. Darthus Webb & McCafferty, 2007
  17. Ecdyogymnurus **
  18. Ecdyonuroides Dang, 1967
  19. Ecdyonurus Eaton, 1868
  20. Electrogena Zurwerra & Tomka, 1985
  21. Epeorella Ulmer, 1939
  22. Epeorus Eaton, 1881
  23. Heptagenia Walsh, 1863
  24. Ironodes Traver, 1935
  25. Kageronia Matsumura, 1931
  26. Leucrocuta Flowers, 1980
  27. Maccaffertium Bednarik, 1979
  28. Macdunnoa Lehmkuhl, 1979
  29. Miocoenogenia Tshernova, 1962
  30. Nestormeus Godunko, 2004
  31. Nixe (mayfly) Flowers, 1980
  32. Notacanthurus Chernova, 1974
  33. Notacanthurus Tshernova, 1974
  34. Paegniodes Eaton, 1881
  35. Paracinygmula Bajkova, 1975
  36. Parafronurus Zhou & Braasch, 2003
  37. Pseudiron McDunnough, 1931
  38. Pseudokageronia Masselot & Nel, 1999
  39. Raptoheptagenia Whiting & Lehmkuhl, 1987
  40. Regulaneuria Zhou, 2021
  41. Rhithrogena Eaton, 1881
  42. Rhithrogeniella Ulmer, 1939
  43. Spinadis Edmunds & Jensen, 1974
  44. Stenacron Jensen, 1974
  45. Stenonema Traver, 1933
  46. Succinogenia Demoulin, 1965
  47. Thalerosphyrus Eaton, 1881
  48. Thamnodontus Kluge, 2004
  49. Trichogenia Braasch & Soldan, 1988

The oldest described member of the family is Amerogenia from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) aged New Jersey amber.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baetidae</span> Family of mayflies

Baetidae is a family of mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide. These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and sometimes much smaller, and members of the family are often referred to as small mayflies or small minnow mayflies. Most species have long oval forewings with very few cross veins but the hindwings are usually very small or even absent. The males often have very large eyes, shaped like turrets above the head.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leptophlebiidae</span> Family of mayflies

Leptophlebiidae is a family belonging to the Ephemeropterans that are commonly known as the prong-gilled mayflies or leptophlebiids. It is the only family in the superfamily Leptophlebioidea. There are more than 650 described species of Leptophlebiids, which are easily recognized by the forked gills present on the larvae's abdomen, thus their common name.

<i>Caenis</i> (mayfly) Genus of mayflies

Caenis is a genus of mayflies. They are very small in size, sometimes with a body of only an 1/8 of an inch (3.2 mm).

<i>Ecdyonurus</i> Genus of mayflies

Ecdyonurus is a genus of mayflies of the family Heptageniidae.

Cinygmula is a genus of flatheaded mayflies in the family Heptageniidae. There are at least 30 described species in Cinygmula.

<i>Epeorus</i> Genus of mayflies

Epeorus is a genus of mayflies in the family Heptageniidae.

<i>Heptagenia</i> Genus of mayflies

Heptagenia is a genus of flatheaded mayflies in the family Heptageniidae. There are at least 20 described species in Heptagenia.

<i>Acentrella</i> Genus of mayflies

Acentrella is a genus of small minnow mayflies in the family Baetidae. Species of Acentrella are recorded from Europe, North America and Asia, with a few from Africa.

Choroterpes is a genus of mayflies in the family Leptophlebiidae faound in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia.

<i>Paraleptophlebia</i> Genus of mayflies

Paraleptophlebia is a genus of mayflies in the family Leptophlebiidae. Commonly found in North America and parts of Western Europe including the British Isles.

<i>Drunella</i> Genus of mayflies

Drunella is a genus of spiny crawler mayflies in the family Ephemerellidae. There are at least 20 described species in Drunella.

<i>Ephemerella</i> Genus of mayflies

Ephemerella is a genus of spiny crawler mayflies in the family Ephemerellidae with a widespread distribution.

<i>Ameletus</i> Genus of mayflies

Ameletus is a genus of mayfly and the type genus of the family Ameletidae.

<i>Isonychia</i> Genus of mayflies

Isonychia is a genus of brushlegged mayflies in the family Isonychiidae, the sole genus of the family. There are more than 30 described species in Isonychia.

<i>Siphlonurus</i> Genus of mayflies

Siphlonurus is a genus of primitive minnow mayflies in the family Siphlonuridae. There are more than 40 described species in Siphlonurus.

<i>Maccaffertium</i> Genus of mayflies

Maccaffertium is a genus of flatheaded mayflies in the family Heptageniidae. There are at least 20 described species in Maccaffertium.

<i>Pseudocloeon</i> Genus of insects

Pseudocloeon is a genus of mayflies belonging to the family Baetidae.

References

  1. Wang, T.-Q; MCCafferty W.P. (March 2004). "Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) of the World. Part I: Phylogenetic Higher Classification". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 130 (1): 11–45. JSTOR   25078834.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility: Heptageniidae (retrieved 10 November 2024)

See also