Howesia

Howesia; Temporal range: Middle Triassic, 246 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauromorpha
Order:	† Rhynchosauria
Genus:	† Howesia ; Broom, 1905
Species
	† H. browni Broom, 1905 (type);

Last updated March 31, 2025

Howesia is an extinct genus of basal rhynchosaur from early Middle Triassic (early Anisian stage) deposits of Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is known from the holotype SAM 5884, a partial skeleton with palate and partial lower jaws and from two paratypes, SAM 5885 and SAM 5886.^[1] It was found in the Burgersdorp Formation of the middle deposits of the Beaufort Group (Karoo Basin) and referred to Subzone B of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone.^[2] It was first named by Robert Broom in 1905 and the type species is Howesia browni, named after Alfred Brown.^[3]

Howesia in a cladogram based on Ezcurra et al. (2016):^[4]

Howesia

	Mariante rhynchosaur

	Stenaulorhynchus

Fodonyx

	Teyumbaita

	Hyperodapedon

References

↑ David M. Dilkes (1995). "The rhynchosaur Howesia browni from the Lower Triassic of South Africa". Palaeontology. 38: 665–685.
↑ Richard J. Butler; Martín D. Ezcurra; Felipe C. Montefeltro; Adun Samathi; Gabriela Sobral (2015). "A new species of basal rhynchosaur (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the early Middle Triassic of South Africa, and the early evolution of Rhynchosauria". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (3): 571–588. doi: 10.1111/zoj.12246 . hdl: 11449/167867 .
↑ Robert Broom (1905). "Preliminary notice of some new fossil Reptiles collected by Mr. Alfred Brown at Aliwal North, S. Africa". Records of the Albany Museum. 1 (4): 269–275.
↑ Martin D. Ezcurra; Felipe C. Montefeltro; Richard J. Butler (2016). "The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs" (PDF). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 3: 1–24. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-02-20.

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[Howesia95-1] David M. Dilkes (1995). "The rhynchosaur Howesia browni from the Lower Triassic of South Africa". Palaeontology. 38: 665–685.

[Eohyosaurus-2] Richard J. Butler; Martín D. Ezcurra; Felipe C. Montefeltro; Adun Samathi; Gabriela Sobral (2015). "A new species of basal rhynchosaur (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the early Middle Triassic of South Africa, and the early evolution of Rhynchosauria". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (3): 571–588. doi: 10.1111/zoj.12246 . hdl: 11449/167867 .

[Howesia-3] Robert Broom (1905). "Preliminary notice of some new fossil Reptiles collected by Mr. Alfred Brown at Aliwal North, S. Africa". Records of the Albany Museum. 1 (4): 269–275.

[Ezcurra_etal-4] Martin D. Ezcurra; Felipe C. Montefeltro; Richard J. Butler (2016). "The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs" (PDF). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 3: 1–24. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-02-20.

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