Hymenodictyon

Last updated

Hymenodictyon
Hymenodictyon orixense W IMG 2869.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Cinchonoideae
Tribe: Hymenodictyeae
Genus: Hymenodictyon
Wall.
Type species
Hymenodictyon orixense
Species

~ 30 species, see text

Hymenodictyon is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 30 species. [1] All are native to the Old World. The wood of Hymenodictyon orixense is soft and has limited use, mostly for boxes. [2] The type species for Hymenodictyon is Hymenodictyon orixense (synonym: Hymenodictyon excelsum). [3] [4]

Contents

Hymenodictyon was named by Nathaniel Wallich in 1824 in an addendum to William Roxburgh's Flora Indica, in an edition published by Carey and Wallich after Roxburgh's death. [5] [6] The generic name is derived from two Greek words, hymen, "membrane", and diktyon, "net". It refers to the wing that surrounds each seed. [7]

Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Hymenodictyon is paraphyletic over the Madagascan genus Paracorynanthe . [8]

In Hymenodictyon and Paracorynanthe, the stipules bear large deciduous glands called colleters. The corolla tube is narrow at the base, gradually widening toward the apex. The fruit is a woody capsule.

Species

As of March 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Uncaria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species. Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics. They are known colloquially as gambier, cat's claw or uña de gato. The latter two names are shared with several other plants. The type species for the genus is Uncaria guianensis.

<i>Cephalanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cephalanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. There are about six species that are commonly known as buttonbush.

<i>Volkameria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Volkameria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution. Many of the species are found in coastal habitats.

<i>Vitex</i> Genus of flowering plants in the sage family Lamiaceae

Vitex is a genus of flowering plants in the sage family Lamiaceae. It has about 250 species. Common names include chaste tree or chastetree, traditionally referring to V. agnus-castus, but often applied to other species, as well.

Cuphocarpus is an obsolete genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae. Mabberley (2008) treated it as a synonym of Polyscias, but other authors still recognized it at that time. In 2010, in a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, it was shown that Cuphocarpus was biphyletic and embedded in the large genus Polyscias. In an accompanying paper, Polyscias was divided into 11 subgenera, with seven species left incertae sedis.

<i>Raukaua</i> Genus of flowering plants

Raukaua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae. It has an austral distribution, being indigenous to southern Argentina and Chile, as well as New Zealand and the island of Tasmania.

<i>Oldenlandia</i> Genus of plants

Oldenlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution and has about 240 species. The type species for the genus is Oldenlandia corymbosa.

<i>Exostema</i> Genus of flowering plants

Exostema is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees and shrubs, endemic to the neotropics, with most of the species occurring in the West Indies.

<i>Guettarda</i> Genus of flowering plants

Guettarda is a plant genus in the family Rubiaceae. Most of these plants are known by the common name velvetseed.

<i>Kohautia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Kohautia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are native to tropical areas of Asia, Africa, and Madagascar. Thirty-one species are known. The type species for the genus is Kohautia senegalensis.

<i>Lasianthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Lasianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are tropical subshrubs, shrubs, or rarely, small trees. They inhabit the understory of primary forests.

<i>Machaonia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Machaonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 32 species. All are indigenous to the neotropics. None has a unique common name. Some species have been called "alfilerillo", a Spanish name for the common and well-known genus Erodium. The type species for Machaonia is Machaonia acuminata.

<i>Psydrax</i> Genus of flowering plants

Psydrax is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees, shrubs, and a few lianas in the paleotropics.

<i>Pyrostria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Pyrostria is a genus of dioecious flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Most of the species are endemic to Madagascar, others occur on islands in the western Indian Ocean, a few are found in continental Africa, and only six species occur in tropical Southeast Asia. The formerly recognized genus Leroya, containing two species endemic to Madagascar, L. madagascariensis and L. richardiae, was sunk into synonymy with Pyrostria.

<i>Rondeletia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Rondeletia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to the Neotropics. There are around 160 species.

<i>Chiococca</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chiococca is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It currently holds 23 species that are native to Florida, Texas, Mexico, Central America, much of South America, the West Indies, and the islands of Galápagos and Fernando de Noronha.

<i>Kadua</i> Genus of flowering plants

Kadua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises 29 species, all restricted to Polynesia. Twenty-two of these are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the species are common at high elevation. Others are single-island endemics or very rare, and a few are probably extinct. Kadua affinis is widely distributed in Hawaii and is polymorphic. The type species for the genus is Kadua acuminata.

<i>Adina</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Adina is a genus of 12 species of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs or small trees, native to East Asia and Southeast Asia.

<i>Neonauclea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Neonauclea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises about 71 species. Neonauclea is a genus of shrubs and trees They are indigenous to China, India, Southeast Asia, Wallacea, New Guinea and Australia.

<i>Hillia</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Hillia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has 24 species, all of which are native to the Neotropics.

References

  1. Hymenodictyon At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see External links below).
  2. David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN   978-0-521-82071-4
  3. Hymenodictyon In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
  4. David J. Mabberley. 1982. Hymenodictyon orixense, page 66. In: "William Roxburgh's 'Botanical description of a new species of Swietenia (Mahogany)' and other overlooked binomials in 36 vascular plant families". Taxon31(1):65-73.
  5. Hymenodictyon In: International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
  6. Nathaniel Wallich. 1824. Flora Indica; or Descriptions of Indian Plants 2:148. The Mission Press. Serampore, India. (see External links below)
  7. Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington, DC, USA. London, UK. ISBN   978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II). (see External links below).
  8. Ulrika Manns and Birgitta Bremer. 2010. "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution56(1):21-39. doi : 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002
  9. "Hymenodictyon Wall." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-03-20.