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Kepler-102 is a star 353 light-years away in the constellation of Lyra. Kepler-102 is less luminous than the Sun. The star system does not contain any observable amount of dust. Kepler-102 is suspected to be orbited by a binary consisting of two red dwarf stars, at projected separations of 591 and 627 AU.
Kepler-27 is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 28m 56.81962s, Declination +41° 05′ 09.1405″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.855, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
A mega-Earth is a proposed neologism for a massive terrestrial exoplanet that is at least ten times the mass of Earth. Mega-Earths would be substantially more massive than super-Earths. The term "mega-Earth" was coined in 2014, when Kepler-10c was revealed to be a Neptune-mass planet with a density considerably greater than that of Earth, though it has since been determined to be a typical volatile-rich planet weighing just under half that mass.
K2-3d, also known as EPIC 201367065 d, is a confirmed exoplanet of probable mini-Neptune type orbiting the red dwarf star K2-3, and the outermost of three such planets discovered in the system. It is located 143 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Leo. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. It was the first planet in the Kepler "Second Light" mission to receive the letter "d" designation for a planet. Its discovery was announced in January 2015.
BD+2 0594b is a massive exoplanet discovered by the Kepler spacecraft in collaboration with the HARPS spectrometer at La Silla in Chile.
K2-33b is a very young super-Neptune exoplanet, orbiting the pre-main-sequence star K2-33. It was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft on its "Second Light" mission. It is located about 456 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Scorpius. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.
Kepler-84 is a Sun-like star 4,700 light-years from the Sun. It is a G-type star. The stellar radius measurement has a large uncertainty of 48% as in 2017, complicating the modelling of the star. The Kepler-84 star has two suspected stellar companions. Four red dwarfs are few arcseconds away and at least one is probably gravitationally bound to Kepler-84. Another is a yellow star of mass 0.855M☉ on projected separations of 0.18±0.05″ or 0.26″.
Kepler-1652b is a super-Earth exoplanet, orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf Kepler-1652 about 822 light-years away in the Cygnus constellation. Discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft, Kepler-1652b was first announced as a candidate in 2013, but wasn't validated until four years later in 2017. It is a potential super-Earth with 160% Earth's radius. The planet orbits well within the habitable zone of its system, the region where liquid water can exist on a planet's surface. The planet is an eyeball planet candidate.
WASP-47 is a star similar in size and brightness to the Sun about 870 light-years away in the constellation Aquarius. It lies within the Kepler K2 campaign field 3. It was first noticed to have a hot Jupiter exoplanet orbiting every 4 days in 2012 by the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) team. While it was thought to be a typical hot Jupiter system, three more planets were found in 2015: an outer gas giant within the habitable zone, a hot Neptune exterior to the hot Jupiter's orbit and a super-Earth interior to the hot Jupiter's orbit. WASP-47 is the only planetary system known to have both planets near the hot Jupiter and another planet much further out.
K2-138, also designated EPIC 245950175 or EE-1, is a large early K-type main sequence star with a system of at least 6 planets discovered by citizen scientists. Four were found in the first two days of the Exoplanet Explorers project on Zooniverse in early April 2017, while two more were revealed in further analysis. The system is about 660 light-years away in the constellation Aquarius, within K2 Campaign 12.
K2-141b is a massive rocky exoplanet orbiting extremely close to an orange main-sequence star K2-141. The planet was first discovered by the Kepler space telescope during its K2 “Second Light” mission and later observed by the HARPS-N spectrograph. It is classified as an Ultra-short Period (USP) and is confirmed to be terrestrial in nature. Its high density implies a massive iron core taking up between 30% and 50% of the planet's total mass.
K2-236b is a Neptune-like exoplanet that orbits an F-type star. It is also called EPIC 211945201 b. Its mass is 27 Earths, it takes 19.5 days to complete one orbit of its star, and is 0.148 AU from its star. Its discovery was announced in 2018. This was the first exoplanet discovered by scientists based in India. The discoverers were Abhijit Chakraborty (PRL), Arpita Roy (Caltech), Rishikesh Sharma (PRL), Suvrath Mahadevan, Priyanka Chaturvedi, Neelam J.S.S.V Prasad (PRL), and B. G. Anandarao (PRL).
The small planet radius gap is an observed scarcity of planets with radii between 1.5 and 2 times Earth's radius, likely due to photoevaporation-driven mass loss. A bimodality in the Kepler exoplanet population was first observed in 2011 and attributed to the absence of significant gas atmospheres on close-in, low-mass planets. This feature was noted as possibly confirming an emerging hypothesis that photoevaporation could drive atmospheric mass loss This would lead to a population of bare, rocky cores with smaller radii at small separations from their parent stars, and planets with thick hydrogen- and helium-dominated envelopes with larger radii at larger separations. The bimodality in the distribution was confirmed with higher-precision data in the California-Kepler Survey in 2017, which was shown to match the predictions of the photoevaporative mass-loss hypothesis later that year.
HD 3167 is a single, orange-hued star in the zodiac constellation of Pisces that hosts a system with three exoplanets. The star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 8.97. The distance to HD 3167 can be determined from its annual parallax shift of 21.1363 mas as measured by the Gaia space observatory, yielding a range of 154 light years. It has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.204″ per year. Since it was first photographed during the Palomar observatory sky survey in 1953, it had moved over 12.5″ by 2017. The star is moving away from the Earth with an average heliocentric radial velocity of +19.5 km/s.
K2-32 is a G9-type main sequence star slightly smaller and less massive than the sun. Four confirmed transiting exoplanets are known to orbit this star. A study of atmospheric escape from the planet K2-32b caused by high-energy stellar irradiation indicates that the star has always been a very slow rotator.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia — K2-66 b". exoplanet.eu. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Open Exoplanet Catalogue - K2-66 b". openexoplanetcatalogue.com. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
- ↑ "K2-66 - Universe Guide". www.universeguide.com. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- 1 2 Sinukoff, Evan; Howard, Andrew W.; Petigura, Erik A.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Isaacson, Howard; Gonzales, Erica; Crepp, Justin R.; Brewer, John M.; Hirsch, Lea; Weiss, Lauren M.; Ciardi, David R.; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Benneke, Bjoern; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Hansen, Brad M. S.; Knutson, Heather A.; Kosiarek, Molly; Livingston, John H.; Greene, Thomas P.; Rogers, Leslie A.; Lépine, Sébastien (2017). "K2-66b and K2-106b: Two Extremely Hot Sub-Neptune-size Planets with High Densities". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 271. arXiv: 1705.03491 . Bibcode:2017AJ....153..271S. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa725f . S2CID 31572527.
- 1 2 Futó, P. (2018). Kepler-145b and K2-66b: A Kepler- and a K2-Mega-Earth with Different Compositional Characteristics. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. No. 2083. p. 1224. Bibcode:2018LPI....49.1224F.
- ↑ Sinukoff, Evan; et al. (31 May 2017). "K2-66b and K2-106b: Two Extremely Hot Sub-Neptune-size Planets with High Densities". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 271. arXiv: 1705.03491 . Bibcode:2017AJ....153..271S. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa725f .
- ↑ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
- ↑ "K2-66". sim-id. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help)[ permanent dead link ] - ↑ "Kepler-130". sim-id. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help)[ permanent dead link ] - ↑ "Kepler-130 | NASA Exoplanet Archive".
- ↑ "The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia — Kepler-130 d". exoplanet.eu. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Open Exoplanet Catalogue - Kepler-130 d". www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
