| Lama | |
|---|---|
| Lamba | |
| Region | Togo, Benin |
| Ethnicity | Lamba |
Native speakers | 260,000 (2006–2012) [1] |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | las |
| Glottolog | lama1275 |
Lama is a Gur language spoken by the Lamba people in Togo, Benin, and by a few in Ghana.
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Labial-velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Stop | p | t | ɖ | tʃ | k | k͡p | |
| Fricative | ɸ | s | h | ||||
| Approximant | l | j | w |
| Front | Central | Back | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | nasal | short | long | nasal | short | long | nasal | |
| Close | i | iː | ĩ | ɨ | ɨː | ɨ̃ | u | uː | ũ |
| Near-close | ɪ | ɪː | ɪ̃ | ʊ | ʊː | ʊ̃ | |||
| Close-mid | e | eː | ẽ | ə | əː | ə̃ | o | oː | õ |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɛː | ɛ̃ | ɔ | ɔː | ɔ̃ | |||
| Open | a | aː | ã | ||||||
| Toneme | |
|---|---|
| Falling | ˦˨ |
| Level | ˨ |
| Rising | ˨˦ |
| Uppercase | A | C | D | Ɖ | E | Ǝ | Ɛ | F | H | I | Ɨ | Ɩ | K | KP | L |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowercase | a | c | d | ɖ | e | ǝ | ɛ | f | h | i | ɨ | ɩ | k | kp | l |
| Uppercase | M | N | Ŋ | Ñ | O | Ɔ | P | R | S | T | U | Ʋ | W | Y | |
| Lowercase | m | n | ŋ | ñ | o | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | ʋ | w | y |
SIL International is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development.
The bilabial clicks are a family of click consonants that sound like a smack of the lips. They are found as phonemes only in the small Tuu language family, in the ǂ’Amkoe language of Botswana, and in the extinct Damin ritual jargon of Australia. However, bilabial clicks are found paralinguistically for a kiss in various languages, including integrated into a greeting in the Hadza language of Tanzania, and as allophones of labial–velar stops in some West African languages, as of /mw/ in some of the languages neighboring Shona, such as Ndau and Tonga.
The voiced alveolar lateral flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɺ⟩, a fusion of a rotated lowercase letter ⟨r⟩ with a letter ⟨l⟩. Approved in 1928, the symbol represented a sound intermediate between and or between and until 1979 when its value was redefined as an alveolar lateral flap.
The voiced uvular nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɴ⟩, a small capital version of the Latin letter n; the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is N\.
The voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʐ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z`. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z.
The voiced labial–velar nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ŋ͡m⟩.
The voiced retroflex lateral flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The expected symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨𝼈 ⟩. The sound may also be transcribed as a short ⟨ɭ̆ ⟩, or with the old dot diacritic, ⟨ɺ̣⟩.
The voiced bilabial flap is an uncommon non-rhotic flap. It is usually, and perhaps always, an allophone of the labiodental flap, though it is the preferred allophone in a minority of languages such as Banda and some of its neighbors.
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Lama is a Bai language spoken along the Lancang River in Lanping County and Weixi County, in western Yunnan, China.
The voiced bilabial affricate is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop and released as a voiced bilabial fricative. It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.
PHOIBLE is a linguistic database accessible through its website and compiling phonological inventories from primary documents and tertiary databases into a single, easily searchable sample. The 2019 version 2.0 includes 3,020 inventories containing 3,183 segment types found in 2,186 distinct languages. It is edited by Steven Moran, Assistant Professor from the Institute of Biology at the University of Neuchâtel and Daniel McCloy, Researcher at the Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences at the University of Washington.
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